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The Black Panther Party represents Black Panther Party members' coordinated responses over the last four decades to the failure of city, state, and federal bureaucrats to address the basic needs of their respective communities. The Party pioneered free social service programs that are now in the mainstream of American life. The Party's Sickle Cell Anemia Research Foundation, operated with Oakland's Children's Hospital, was among the nation's first such testing programs. Its Free Breakfast Program served as a model for national programs. Other initiatives included free clinics, grocery givea.

African Americans --- Poor --- Community life --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Human ecology --- Disadvantaged, Economically --- Economically disadvantaged --- Impoverished people --- Low-income people --- Pauperism --- Poor, The --- Poor people --- Persons --- Social classes --- Poverty --- Services for --- Societies, etc. --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Black Panther Party --- Black Panthers --- BPP (Black Panther Party) --- B.P.P. (Black Panther Party) --- Black Panther Party for Self-Defense --- History. --- Sozialhilfe --- Armut --- Schwarze --- Oakland. --- Oakland --- Black power --- Partei --- USA --- Oakland, Calif. --- City of Oakland (Calif.) --- Black people