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Following male figures wearing a cap (cap-figures) in temple reliefs of the Javanese Majapahit period (ca. 1300-1500) leads to astonishing results on their meaning and function. The cap-figures, representing commoners, servants, warriors, noblemen, and most significantly Prince Panji, the hero from the East Javanese Panji stories, are unique to depictions of non-Indic narratives. The cap-figure constitutes a prominent example of Majapahit’s creativity in new concepts of art, literature and religion, independent from the Indian influence. More than that, the symbolic meaning of the cap-figures leads to an esoteric level: a pilgrim who followed the depictions of the cap-figures and of Panji in the temples would have been guided to the Tantric doctrine within Hindu-Buddhist religion. This title is available online in its entirety in Open Access.

Hindu symbolism -- History. --- Indonesia -- History -- To 1478. --- Java (Indonesia) -- Religion. --- Relief (Sculpture), Javanese --- Djawa (Indonesia) --- Jawa (Indonesia) --- Pulau Jawa (Indonesia) --- Temples --- Architecture and religion --- Figure sculpture --- Hindu temples --- Hindu symbolism --- History --- Themes, motives. --- History. --- Majapahit (Kingdom) --- Indonesia --- Java (Indonesia) --- Antiquities. --- Religion. --- Symbolism --- Mandiras --- Mandirs --- Temples, Hindu --- Hinduism --- Human figure in art --- Sculpture --- Javanese relief (Sculpture) --- Religion and architecture --- Religion --- Architecture --- Church architecture --- Religious institutions --- Greater Sunda Islands --- Modjopait (Kingdom) --- Mojopait (Kingdom) --- Madzhapakhit (Kingdom) --- Hindu symbolism. --- Hindu temples. --- To 1478 --- Indonesia. --- Religion, Primitive --- Atheism --- God --- Irreligion --- Religions --- Theology --- Dutch East Indies --- Endonèsie --- Indanezii͡ --- Indoneshia --- Indoneshia Kyōwakoku --- Indonesi --- Indonesya --- Indonezia --- Indonezii͡ --- Indonezija --- İndoneziya --- İndoneziya Respublikası --- Indūnīsīy --- Induonezėj --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīy --- PDRI --- Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia --- R.I. --- Republic of Indonesia --- Republic of the United States of Indonesia --- Republica d'Indonesia --- Republiek van Indonesi --- Republik Indonesia --- Republik Indonesia Serikat --- Republika Indonezii͡ --- Republika Indonezija --- Rėspublika Indanezii͡ --- RI --- United States of Indonesia --- Yinni --- Dutch East Indies (Territory under Japanese occupation, 1942-1945) --- Indanezii︠a︡ --- Indonesië --- Indonezii︠a︡ --- Indūnīsīyā --- Induonezėjė --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīyā --- Republiek van Indonesië --- Republika Indonezii︠a︡ --- Rėspublika Indanezii︠a︡ --- indonesia --- Majapahit --- Panji (prince) --- Pendhapa --- Sri Tanjung --- Tantra