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Religious change is at its core a material as much as a spiritual process. Beliefs related to intangible spirits, ghosts, or gods were enacted through material relationships between people, places, and objects. The archaeology of mission sites from Tanna and Erromango islands, southern Vanuatu (formerly the New Hebrides), offer an informative case study for understanding the material dimensions of religious change. One of the primary ways that cultural difference was thrown into relief in the Presbyterian New Hebrides missions was in the realm of objects. Christian Protestant missionaries believed that religious conversion had to be accompanied by changes in the material conditions of everyday life. Results of field archaeology and museum research on Tanna and Erromango, southern Vanuatu, show that the process of material transformation was not unidirectional. Just as Melanesian people changed religious beliefs and integrated some imported objects into everyday life, missionaries integrated local elements into their daily lives. Attempts to produce ‘civilised Christian natives’, or to change some elements of native life relating purely to ‘religion’ but not others, resulted instead in a proliferation of ‘hybrid’ forms. This is visible in the continuity of a variety of traditional practices subsumed under the umbrella term ‘kastom’ through to the present alongside Christianity. Melanesians didn’t become Christian, Christianity became Melanesian. The material basis of religious change was integral to this process.
Archaeology and religion. --- Archaeology --- Religion and archaeology --- Religious aspects --- Religion --- Archaeology and religion --- Christian antiquities --- Tanna Island (Vanuatu) --- Eromanga (Vanuatu) --- Church history --- Antiquities, Christian --- Antiquities, Ecclesiastical --- Archaeology, Christian --- Christian archaeology --- Church antiquities --- Ecclesiastical antiquities --- Monumental theology --- Antiquities --- Byzantine antiquities --- Erromanga (Vanuatu) --- Erromango (Vanuatu) --- Aipere Island (Vanuatu) --- Ipari Island (Vanuatu) --- vanuatu --- archaelogy --- religion --- Erromango --- James Thomas Flexner --- Melanesians --- Missionary --- New Hebrides --- Tanna Island --- Terra Australis --- archaeology
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Purity is a cultural construct that had a central role in the forming and the development of religious traditions in the ancient Mediterranean. This volume analyzes concepts, practices and images associated with purity in the main cultures of Antiquity, and discusses from a comparative perspective their parallel developments and transformations. The perspective adopted is both synchronic and diachronic; the comparative approach takes into account points of contact and mutual influences, but also includes major transcultural trends. A number of renowned specialists contribute a large variety of perspectives and approaches, combining archaeology, epigraphy and social history; in addition, particular attention is given to concepts of purity in ancient Israel and early Judaism as a ‘test-case’ of sorts. Through its extensive coverage, the volume contributes decisively to the present discussion about the forming of religious traditions in the ancient Mediterranean world.
Rites and ceremonies. --- Purity, Ritual. --- Purity, Ritual --- Archaeology and religion. --- Rites et cérémonies --- Pureté rituelle --- Archéologie et religion --- Judaism. --- Judaïsme --- Mediterranean Region --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Religion. --- Religion --- 221.08*4 --- -Archaeology and religion. --- Religion and archaeology --- Theologie van het Oude Testament: cultus --- Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus; liturgie --- Reinheid. --- Gebruiken. --- Jodendom. --- Middellandse-Zeegebied. --- 291.3 Godsdienstwetenschap: cultus; liturgie --- 221.08*4 Theologie van het Oude Testament: cultus --- Archaeology and religion --- Rites and ceremonies --- 291.3 --- Ceremonies --- Cult --- Cultus --- Ecclesiastical rites and ceremonies --- Religious ceremonies --- Religious rites --- Rites of passage --- Traditions --- Ritualism --- Manners and customs --- Mysteries, Religious --- Ritual --- Immersion (Judaism) --- Purity, Ritual (Judaism) --- Ceremonial purity --- Clean and unclean --- Cleanliness, Ritual --- Purity, Ceremonial --- Ritual purity --- Archaeology --- Judaism --- Religious aspects --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region --- Godsdienst. --- Klassieke oudheid. --- History of doctrines --- History of doctrines. --- RELIGION / Reference --- History of religion
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