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This book addresses intersex rights violations and analyses intersex people’s legal demands as expressed by intersex activists themselves and delivered through statements and reports issued by intersex rights organisations, the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Intersex people are born with sex characteristics that do not fit typical notions of male or female bodies, as a result of which they are stigmatised, marginalised and denied the recognition of their fundamental rights. Often, they are subjected to involuntary and harmful sex “normalising” surgeries at birth, which violate their bodily integrity, self-determination and informed consent, so as to comply with societal and legal norms. Moreover, binary legal frameworks prevent them from enjoying the rights to access identification documents, start a family, or be free from discrimination in all areas including employment and sports. To elaborate on intersex violations that emanate from binary laws, this book examines the situation of intersex rights in regional jurisdictions worldwide and within the European Union in particular. In the process, it identifies current legal barriers and suggests how intersex people could be accommodated under legal frameworks and achieve sex/gender equality beyond binary definitions.

Sociology. --- Civil rights. --- Identity politics. --- Law --- Human Rights. --- Gender Studies. --- European Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. --- Politics and Gender. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law . --- Law and Psychology. --- Psychological aspects. --- Juridical psychology --- Juristic psychology --- Legal psychology --- Psychology, Juridical --- Psychology, Juristic --- Psychology, Legal --- Psychology, Applied --- Therapeutic jurisprudence --- Identity (Psychology) --- Politics of identity --- Political participation --- Basic rights --- Civil liberties --- Civil rights --- Constitutional rights --- Fundamental rights --- Rights, Civil --- Constitutional law --- Human rights --- Political persecution --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Psychology --- Political aspects --- Law and legislation --- Human rights. --- Civil rights (International law) --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Private international law. --- Conflict of laws. --- Psychology. --- Behavioral sciences --- Mental philosophy --- Mind --- Science, Mental --- Human biology --- Philosophy --- Soul --- Mental health --- Choice of law --- Conflict of laws --- Intermunicipal law --- International law, Private --- International private law --- Private international law --- Legal polycentricity --- Civil law