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Pour que la modernité soit, il a fallu que l'économie fût ; fût découverte. L'homme moderne n'a inventé ni la technique, ni la rationalité, ni même la science, quelles que puissent être ses illusions à ce sujet. Mais il a bel et bien découvert l'économie. Pour placer dans sa mouvance active la totalité du réel, lui-même y compris. L'économie, première servie... Partant de ce lieu stratégique de notre modernité, Georges-Hubert de Radkowski nous fait arpenter toutes les contrées privilégiées par notre société, nous introduit dans toutes ses demeures. Guidés par lui, nous mettons à nu l'imposture anthropologique qui rend solidaires économie et production de richesses ; nous saisissons dans leurs dimensions véritables la place et la signification de la technique, nous cernons le contour secret et méconnu de son être. Chemin faisant, apparaissent à nos yeux l'espace où se déploie l'ouvre d'art, le rôle caché du travail dans la vision de notre temps, l'inconsistance de la notion occidentale du progrès technique, le caractère fantasmagorique de cette entité « à tout faire » de l'économie politique, le besoin. Cette interrogation sur l'économique, approche radicale de ses assises, nous met à l'écoute de cette puissance « poétique » et abyssale d'où proviennent l'humanité de l'homme autant que toute l'histoire de la société humaine : celle du DÉSIR. Ce texte où travaille le désir inaugure une critique de l'économie, équivalent contemporain de la rupture apportée par Georges Bataille dans La Part maudite et La Notion de dépense.

Methodology of economics --- Economics --- Supply and demand --- Desire --- Economie politique --- Offre et demande --- Désir --- Psychological aspects --- Social aspects --- Aspect psychologique --- Aspect social --- 338 <09> --- -Supply and demand --- Demand and supply --- Industrial production --- Law of supply and demand --- Competition --- Exchange --- Overproduction --- Prices --- Value --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Economische geschiedenis --- Supply and demand. --- Psychological aspects. --- 338 <09> Economische geschiedenis --- Désir --- Sociological aspects. --- Behavioral economics --- Behavioural economics --- Economics - Psychological aspects

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Money --- Macroeconomics --- Supply and demand --- Demand for money --- Mathematical models --- theorie monetaire --- creation monetaire --- AA / International- internationaal --- 333.401 --- 333.403 --- monetaire theorie --- geldschepping --- Begrip en functies van het geld. --- Monetaire theorieën. Kwantitatieve theorie. Theorie van de incasso's. Optiek van de uitgaven en inkomens. --- Demand and supply --- Industrial production --- Law of supply and demand --- Economics --- Competition --- Exchange --- Overproduction --- Prices --- Value --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Finance --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Currency question --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Begrip en functies van het geld --- Monetaire theorieën. Kwantitatieve theorie. Theorie van de incasso's. Optiek van de uitgaven en inkomens --- Demand for money - Mathematical models

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This study examines the links between adjustment policies and growth in a small group of developing countries- Bangladesh, Chile, Ghana, India, Mexico, Morocco, Senegal, and Thailand - during 1970 -93. It provides an overview of the adjustment and growth experience, examines in depth several policy issues of particular interest, and distills the principal policy lessons for the design of adjustment policies.

Economics --- Economic development --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy) --- Developing countries --- Economic policy --- Case studies --- -Structural adjustment (Economic policy) --- -Developing Countries --- 330.35 (1-772) --- croissance economique --- pays en voie de developpement --- politique economique --- LDC / Developping Countries - Pays En Développement --- 338.340 --- 338.8 --- 331.33 --- 330.05 --- 338.90091724 --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- -Case studies. --- Economische groei. Kwantitatieve toename. Technische vooruitgang --zie ook {338.09}--Onontwikkelde, onderontwikkelde gebieden --- economische groei --- ontwikkelingslanden --- economisch beleid --- Algemene ontwikkeling in de Derde Wereld. --- Economische groei. --- Structureel beleid. Reglementering. Dereglementering. Ordnungspolitik. --- Working papers --- Case studies. --- 330.35 (1-772) Economische groei. Kwantitatieve toename. Technische vooruitgang --zie ook {338.09}--Onontwikkelde, onderontwikkelde gebieden --- Structureel beleid. Reglementering. Dereglementering. Ordnungspolitik --- Algemene ontwikkeling in de Derde Wereld --- Economische groei --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- Economic development - Case studies --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy) - Developing countries --- Developing countries - Economic policy - Case studies --- Exports and Imports --- Investments: General --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Fiscal Policy --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Trade: General --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Private investment --- Labor markets --- Structural reforms --- Tariffs --- Real wages --- National accounts --- Macrostructural analysis --- Taxes --- Saving and investment --- Fiscal policy --- Labor market --- Exports --- Chile --- Income economics

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The third stage of European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) was implemented in January 1999 against the specter of persistently high unemployment in many of the participating countries. While the high European unemployment has received considerable attention, this new IMF staff study analyzes an equally important issue: the extent of regional unemployment disparities in certain countries. The paper focuses on large and persistent differences in regional unemployment rates within several European countries. The paper includes detailed case studies of two euro area countries where regional disparities in unemployment are striking- Italy and Spain. The studies emphasize that wages are unresponsive to local labor market conditions.

Labour market --- Europe --- Unemployment --- Regional disparities --- -Unemployment --- -331.56 <4> --- werkloosheid --- regionaal economisch beleid --- europa --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 305.94 --- 332.691 --- 306.13 --- 338.43 --- 307.21 --- 332.620 --- 330.05 --- 331.13794 --- Joblessness --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Full employment policies --- Labor supply --- Manpower policy --- Right to labor --- Underemployment --- Werkloosheid. Arbeidsreserve--Europa --- chomage --- politique economique regionale --- europe --- Econometrie van de arbeidsmarkt, de werkgelegenheid en de werkloosheid. --- Evolutie van de arbeidsmarkt. --- Indexcijfers van de werkgelegenheid en van de werkloosheid. --- Regionaal beleid. Industriële ontwikkeling en omschakeling van bepaalde regio's. Nieuwe industrieën. --- Statistieken van de werkgelegenheid en werkloosheid. --- Werkloosheid: algemeenheden. Philipscurve. --- Working papers --- Regional disparities. --- 331.56 <4> Werkloosheid. Arbeidsreserve--Europa --- 331.56 <4> --- Econometrie van de arbeidsmarkt, de werkgelegenheid en de werkloosheid --- Indexcijfers van de werkgelegenheid en van de werkloosheid --- Statistieken van de werkgelegenheid en werkloosheid --- Werkloosheid: algemeenheden. Philipscurve --- Evolutie van de arbeidsmarkt --- Regionaal beleid. Industriële ontwikkeling en omschakeling van bepaalde regio's. Nieuwe industrieën --- Unemployment - OECD countries - Regional disparities --- Unemployment - Europe - Regional disparities --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Employment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure --- Labour --- income economics --- Unemployment rate --- Labor markets --- Labor market --- Economic theory --- Labor costs --- Italy --- Income economics

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Sweden's economy in the early 1990s has been characterized by a deep recession, high unemployment, a ballooning public sector budgete deficit, and a decline in the value of the currency- developments that have raised questions about the country's capacity to sustain its comprehensive welfare state. This study provides an analysis of recent economic developments in a longer-term context and assesses their implications for future policies.

Social security law --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Sweden --- Public welfare --- Economic conditions --- Social policy --- -330.1 <485> --- politique sociale --- prosperite et bien etre --- situation economique --- suede --- SE / Sweden - Zweden - Suede --- 331.31 --- 331.30 --- 336.61 --- 336.024 --- 368.40 --- 331.32 --- 330.05 --- 361.6509485 --- Benevolent institutions --- Poor relief --- Public assistance --- Public charities --- Public relief --- Public welfare reform --- Relief (Aid) --- Social welfare --- Welfare (Public assistance) --- Welfare reform --- Human services --- Social service --- Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie--Zweden --- sociale politiek --- welvaart en welzijn --- economische toestand --- zweden --- Economisch beleid. --- Economische toestand. --- Financieel beleid. --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Structuur van de economie. --- Government policy --- Economic conditions. --- Social policy. --- Working papers --- 330.1 <485> Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie--Zweden --- 330.1 <485> --- Economische toestand --- Economisch beleid --- Structuur van de economie --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid --- Financieel beleid --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- Public welfare - Sweden --- Sweden - Economic conditions --- Sweden - Social policy --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Budgeting --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits --- Private Pensions --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Trade: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Pensions --- International economics --- Labor markets --- Export prices --- Public debt --- Pension spending --- Prices --- Expenditure --- Exports --- Labor market --- Debts, Public --- Consumption --- Economics --- Income economics