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Democracy --- Social choice --- Voting
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Voting --- Elections --- Système électoral --- Système électoral. --- Social choice. --- Voting theory
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Since Aristotle, many different theories of distributive justice have been proposed, by philosophers as well as social scientists. The typical approach within social choice theory is to assess these theories in an axiomatic way - most of the time the reader is confronted with abstract reasoning and logical deductions. This book shows that empirical insights are necessary if one wants to apply any theory of justice in the real world. It does so by confronting the main theories of distributive justice with data from (mostly) questionnaire experiments. The book starts with an extensive discussion on why empirical social choice makes sense and how it should be done. It then presents various experimental results relating to theories of distributive justice, including the Rawlsian equity axiom, Harsanyi's version of utilitarianism, utilitarianism with a floor, responsibility-sensitive egalitarianism, the claims problem and fairness in health.
Microeconomics --- Social choice --- Distributive justice --- Social choice. --- Distributive justice. --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Justice --- Social justice --- Wealth --- Choice, Social --- Collective choice --- Public choice --- Choice (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Welfare economics --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics
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The governance of natural resources used by many individuals in common is an issue of increasing concern to policy analysts. Both state control and privatization of resources have been advocated, but neither the state nor the market have been uniformly successful in solving common pool resource problems. After critiquing the foundations of policy analysis as applied to natural resources, Elinor Ostrom here provides a unique body of empirical data to explore conditions under which common pool resource problems have been satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily solved. Dr. Ostrom first describes three models most frequently used as the foundation for recommending state or market solutions. She then outlines theoretical and empirical alternatives to these models in order to illustrate the diversity of possible solutions. In the following chapters she uses institutional analysis to examine different ways--both successful and unsuccessful--of governing the commons. In contrast to the proposition of the tragedy of the commons argument, common pool problems sometimes are solved by voluntary organizations rather than by a coercive state. Among the cases considered are communal tenure in meadows and forests, irrigation communities and other water rights, and fisheries.
Political sociology --- Terres de communage --- Commons. --- Case studies. --- Social choice. --- Commons --- Social choice --- Choix collectif --- Case studies --- Etudes de cas --- Gestion des ressources naturelles. --- Choice, Social --- Collective choice --- Public choice --- Choice (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Welfare economics --- Common lands --- Communal land --- Communal lands --- Land tenure --- Public lands --- Real property --- Marks (Medieval land tenure) --- Natural resources, Communal --- Village communities --- Law and legislation --- -Social choice --- -Case studies --- Beleidskunde.
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Voting research --- Elections --- Voting --- Sociologie électorale --- Vote --- Research --- Recherche --- France --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Sociologie électorale --- Polls --- Politics, Practical --- Social choice --- Suffrage --- Voting behavior research --- Vote - Recherche - France. --- Voting - France. --- Voting research - France.
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Planning (firm) --- Welfare economics --- Social choice --- 330.1 --- #SBIB:316.8H00 --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Social policy --- Choice, Social --- Collective choice --- Public choice --- Choice (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie --- Sociaal beleid: algemeen --- Social choice. --- Welfare economics. --- 330.1 Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie --- Choix collectif --- Économie du bien-être --- Aspect économique --- Économie du bien-être. --- Aspect économique. --- Économie du bien-être. --- Aspect économique.
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This book states to aid agencies and governments to consider efficiency as a robust and reliable criterion to guide their decisions on whether continuing or discounting support from microfinance institutions (MFIS).
Microfinance -- Developing countries -- Case studies. --- Microfinance. --- Poverty -- Developing countries -- Case studies. --- Small business -- Developing countries -- Finance --Case studies. --- Welfare economics. --- Macroeconomics. --- Labor economics. --- Finance. --- Public policy. --- Social Choice/Welfare Economics/Public Choice/Political Economy. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Finance, general. --- Public Policy. --- Microfinance --- Poverty --- Small business --- Pauvreté --- Petites et moyennes entreprises --- Private finance --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Finance
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A surprise is how the complexities of voting theory can be explained and resolved with the comfortable geometry of our three-dimensional world. This book is directed toward students and others wishing to learn about voting, experts will discover previously unpublished results. As an example, a new profile decomposition quickly resolves two centuries old controversies of Condorcet and Borda, demonstrates, that the rankings of pairwise and other methods differ because they rely on different information, casts series doubt on the reliability of a Condorcet winner as a standard for the field, makes the famous Arrow`s Theorem predictable, and simplifies the construction of examples. The geometry unifies seemingly disparate topics as manipulation, monotonicity, and even the apportionment issues of the US Supreme Court.
Operational research. Game theory --- Political sociology --- Voting research --- Geometry --- Mathematics. --- Government - General --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political Institutions & Public Administration - General --- Mathematics --- 514.17 --- -Voting --- Voting behavior research --- Elections --- Euclid's Elements --- Convex sets. Geometric figure arrangements. Geometric inequalities --- Research --- -Convex sets. Geometric figure arrangements. Geometric inequalities --- 514.17 Convex sets. Geometric figure arrangements. Geometric inequalities --- -514.17 Convex sets. Geometric figure arrangements. Geometric inequalities --- Voting --- Social choice. --- Voting research - Mathematics. --- Voting theory --- Operations research. --- Decision making. --- Economic theory. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods.
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La question de la gouvernance des ressources naturelles utilisées conjointement par de nombreux individus revêt une importance croissante pour les analystes politiques. Tant la nationalisation que la privatisation ont été mises en avant mais ni l'État ni le marché n'ont été uniformément en mesure de résoudre les problèmes liés aux ressources communes. Remettant en question les fondements de l'analyse politique telle qu'appliquée aux ressources naturelles, Elinor Ostrom fournit dans cet ouvrage un ensemble unique de données empiriques afin d'étudier les conditions dans lesquelles des problèmes de ressources communes ont été résolus, de manière satisfaisante ou non. L'auteur décrit d'abord les trois modèles les plus fréquemment utilisés en tant que fondements pour préconiser des solutions se basant sur l'État ou le marché. Elle passe ensuite en revue les alternatives théoriques et empiriques à ces modèles afin d'illustrer la diversité des solutions possibles. Dans les chapitres suivants, elle fait appel à l'analyse institutionnelle en vue d'examiner diverses stratégies - fructueuses ou infructueuses - de gouvernance des biens communs. Contrairement à ce qu'affirme l'argument de la « tragédie des biens communs », les problèmes de ressources communes peuvent être résolus par des organisations volontaires plus efficacement que par un État coercitif. Parmi les cas considérés figurent la tenure communale de prairies et de forêts, des communautés d'irrigation, des droits relatifs à l'eau ainsi que des sites de pêche. « Gouvernance des biens communs » apporte une contribution majeure à la littérature analytique et à notre conception de la coopération humaine
Natural resources --- Conservation of natural resources --- Ressources naturelles --- Conservation des ressources naturelles --- Management --- Case studies --- Gestion --- Cas, Etudes de --- Commons --- Social choice --- AA / International- internationaal --- 305.6 --- 338.013 --- 338.74 --- BPB1012 --- Ressource naturelle --- Coopération internationale --- Risicotheorie, speltheorie. Risicokapitaal. Beslissingsmodellen. --- Belang, verdeling en beleid van de natuurlijke rijkdommen. Grondstoffen. --- Watervoorziening. --- Natuurlijke reserves --- Internationale samenwerking --- Ressources naturelles communales --- Gestion des ressources naturelles. --- Gestion. --- rahvusvaheline koostöö --- меѓународна соработка --- international cooperation --- nemzetközi együttműködés --- współpraca międzynarodowa --- cooperazione internazionale --- internationale Zusammenarbeit --- cooperare internațională --- internationale samenwerking --- medzinárodná spolupráca --- tarptautinis bendradarbiavimas --- kansainvälinen yhteistyö --- cooperação internacional --- международно сътрудничество --- internationellt samarbete --- bashkëpunim ndërkombëtar --- међународна сарадња --- mezinárodní spolupráce --- mednarodno sodelovanje --- internationalt samarbejde --- διεθνής συνεργασία --- međunarodna suradnja --- kooperazzjoni internazzjonali --- starptautiskā sadarbība --- cooperación internacional --- comhar idirnáisiúnta --- mezinárodní kooperace --- интернационална соработка --- internacionální kooperace --- spolupráce na mezinárodní úrovni --- internacionální spolupráce --- kaimiņvalstu sadarbība --- dabas resursi --- prírodné zdroje --- naturtillgångar --- resurse naturale --- burime natyrore --- prirodna dobra --- naturressourcer --- φυσικοί πόροι --- loodusvarad --- luonnonvarat --- risorse naturali --- recursos naturais --- природни ресурси --- recurso natural --- natural resources --- naravni viri --- natürliche Ressourcen --- természeti erőforrások --- riżorsi naturali --- přírodní zdroje --- zasoby naturalne --- gamtos ištekliai --- natuurlijke reserves --- природна богатства --- bohatství přírody --- Naturgüter --- loodusressursid --- Naturschätze --- природни богатства --- prirodni resursi --- natuurlijke rijkdom --- természeti kincsek --- prirodna baština --- prirodni izvori --- natürliche Hilfsquellen --- природни добра --- naturrigdomme --- prirodna bogatstva --- přírodní bohatství --- Risicotheorie, speltheorie. Risicokapitaal. Beslissingsmodellen --- Belang, verdeling en beleid van de natuurlijke rijkdommen. Grondstoffen --- Watervoorziening --- acmhainní nádúrtha --- Commons - Case studies --- Social choice - Case studies --- Coopération internationale
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1. Les origines de l'Etat - 2. Les choix publics dans les démocraties directes - 3. Les choix publics dans les démocraties représentatives - 4. Applications et textes empiriques - 5. Analyse normative des choix publics - 6. Qu'avons-nous appris ? - Bibliographie - Index
Choix collectif --- Collectieve keuze --- Democracy --- Democratie --- Démocratie --- Economie du bien-être --- Elections --- Etat [L' ] --- Inspraak in het beleid --- Overlegcultuur --- Self-government --- Social choice --- Staat [De ] --- State [The ] --- Verkiezingen --- Welfare economics --- Welvaarteconomie --- State, The --- AA / International- internationaal --- 330.00 --- 321.2 --- 336.01 --- Economie politique Staathuishoudkunde --- Politique économique Economische politiek --- Décisions politiques Politieke beslissingen --- Economische en sociale theorieën: algemeenheden. --- Economisch beleid van de overheid. --- Overheidsbemoeiing op economisch gebied. --- Juridische aspecten : Publiek en administratief recht --- Juridische aspecten : Economisch en financieel recht --- Economische en sociale theorieën: algemeenheden --- Economisch beleid van de overheid --- Overheidsbemoeiing op economisch gebied --- Aspects juridiques : Droit public et administratif --- Aspects juridiques : Droit économique et financier --- Administration publique --- Économétrie --- Économie politique --- Prise de décision --- Guides, manuels, etc. --- Économétrie --- Économie politique --- Prise de décision
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