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La langue de spécialité se définit soit par les contenus spécialisés qu'elle exprime, soit par un sous-système qui vient s'ajouter au système non-marqué. En effet, chaque domaine spécialisé exige, tout naturellement, une création terminologique propre. En plus, les traditions discursives divergent d'un domaine spécialisé à l'autre. L'expression spécialisée est condamnée à obéir à ces deux contraintes. Le terme de «langue de spécialité» désigne en même temps un style de langue; sans différencier entre les spécialités, celui-ci s'oppose aux autres styles par l'application additionnelle de certains types d'élaboration syntaxique; cette observation s'inscrit en faux contre l'habituel diagnostic d'une syntaxe défective. Une étude fréquentielle prouve le bien-fondé de l'analyse. L'emploi de ce sous-système est fort expansif également en dehors des langues romanes.

Romance languages --- Sublanguage. --- Variation. --- Technical Romance. --- Scientific Romance languages --- Technical Romance languages --- Language for special purpose --- Scientific Romance --- Technical Romance --- Variation --- Romance languages - Scientific Romance --- Romance languages - Technical Romance --- Romance languages - Variation --- French language --- Jargon --- Phonology --- Jargon. --- Phonology.

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Catalan language --- Catalan (Langue) --- Congresses --- -Romance languages --- Congresses. --- -Congresses --- Romance languages --- Catalan language - Congresses --- Catalan (langue) --- Linguistique --- Espagne --- Catalogne (espagne)

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"One of the most remarkable features of phonation is the disruption of the normal respiratory cycle. Indeed, outside phonation, the normal cycle of respiration presents a comparable duration for both the inspiration and the expiration (top of Figure 1.1). Figure 1.1 Respiration cycle, without phonation (top) and with phonation (bottom) The first produced prosodic units are breath groups. At early stages of language learning, children mainly use the necessary silent pause in the inspiration phase of their respiratory cycle as boundary markers of these units. The phonation process results from the air flow generated by the lung compression during the respiration-expiration phase. This air flow generates the necessary subglottal pressure needed to produce the vibration of the vocal folds for voiced sounds (vowels, voiced consonants), friction for fricative consonants, and intraoral pressure to allow the production of stop consonants"-- "Using an innovative approach, this book focuses on a widely debated area of phonetics and phonology: intonation, and specifically its relation to metrics, its interface with syntax, and whether it can be attributed more to phonetics or phonology, or equally to both. Drawing on data from six Romance languages (French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan and Romanian), whose rich intonation patterns have long been of interest to linguists, J-Philippe Martin challenges the assumptions of traditional phonological approaches, and re-evaluates the data in favour of a new usage-based model of intonation. He proposes a unified description of the sentence prosodic structure, focusing on the dynamic and cognitive aspects of both production and perception of intonation in speech, leading to a unified grammar of Romance languages' sentence intonation. This book will be welcomed by researchers and advanced students in phonetics and phonology"--

Romance languages --- Intonation (Phonetics) --- Biolinguistics --- Phonetics --- Intonation --- Phonology --- Phonology, Historical --- Spoken Romance languages --- Prosodie. --- Romanische Sprachen. --- Sprachproduktion. --- Biolinguistics. --- Biology --- Linguistics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Language and languages --- Pitch (Phonetics) --- Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Tone (Phonetics) --- Oral interpretation --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Intonation. --- Phonology. --- Phonology, Historical. --- Spoken Romance languages. --- Romance languages - Phonetics - Intonation --- Romance languages - Phonology --- Romance languages - Phonology, Historical --- Romance languages - Spoken Romance languages

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The Manuel de linguistique française provides a concise, critical overview of the historical foundations and the current situation of the French language and introduces its readers to the most important topics and questions of present-day linguistic research on French. Compared with other reference works currently available on the market, this manual provides a lot of additional and updated information.

French language --- Langue d'oïl --- E-books --- French language. --- Romance languages

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French language. --- Français (Langue) --- French language --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages --- Français (Langue)