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This lavishly illustrated book provides a hands-on, step-by-step introduction to the intriguing mathematics of symmetry. Instead of breaking up patterns into blocks-a sort of potato-stamp method-Frank Farris offers a completely new waveform approach that enables you to create an endless variety of rosettes, friezes, and wallpaper patterns: dazzling art images where the beauty of nature meets the precision of mathematics.Featuring more than 100 stunning color illustrations and requiring only a modest background in math, Creating Symmetry begins by addressing the enigma of a simple curve, whose curious symmetry seems unexplained by its formula. Farris describes how complex numbers unlock the mystery, and how they lead to the next steps on an engaging path to constructing waveforms. He explains how to devise waveforms for each of the 17 possible wallpaper types, and then guides you through a host of other fascinating topics in symmetry, such as color-reversing patterns, three-color patterns, polyhedral symmetry, and hyperbolic symmetry. Along the way, Farris demonstrates how to marry waveforms with photographic images to construct beautiful symmetry patterns as he gradually familiarizes you with more advanced mathematics, including group theory, functional analysis, and partial differential equations. As you progress through the book, you'll learn how to create breathtaking art images of your own.Fun, accessible, and challenging, Creating Symmetry features numerous examples and exercises throughout, as well as engaging discussions of the history behind the mathematics presented in the book.

Symmetry (Mathematics) --- Symmetry (Art) --- Abstract algebra. --- Addition. --- Algorithm. --- Antisymmetry. --- Arc length. --- Boundary value problem. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Circular motion. --- Circumference. --- Coefficient. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Computation. --- Coordinate system. --- Coset. --- Cyclic group. --- Derivative. --- Diagonal. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dihedral group. --- Division by zero. --- Domain coloring. --- Dot product. --- Eigenfunction. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Eisenstein integer. --- Epicycloid. --- Equation. --- Euler's formula. --- Even and odd functions. --- Exponential function. --- Fourier series. --- Frieze group. --- Function (mathematics). --- Function composition. --- Function space. --- Gaussian integer. --- Geometry. --- Glide reflection. --- Group (mathematics). --- Group theory. --- Homomorphism. --- Horocycle. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Ideal point. --- Integer. --- Lattice (group). --- Linear interpolation. --- Local symmetry. --- M. C. Escher. --- Main diagonal. --- Mathematical proof. --- Mathematical structure. --- Mathematics. --- Mirror symmetry (string theory). --- Mirror symmetry. --- Morphing. --- Natural number. --- Normal subgroup. --- Notation. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Parallelogram. --- Parametric equation. --- Parametrization. --- Periodic function. --- Plane symmetry. --- Plane wave. --- Point group. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pythagorean triple. --- Quantity. --- Quotient group. --- Real number. --- Reciprocal lattice. --- Rectangle. --- Reflection symmetry. --- Right angle. --- Ring of integers. --- Rotational symmetry. --- Scientific notation. --- Special case. --- Square lattice. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Symmetry group. --- Symmetry. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Translational symmetry. --- Trigonometric functions. --- Unique factorization domain. --- Unit circle. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector space. --- Wallpaper group. --- Wave packet. --- Abstract algebra. --- Addition. --- Algorithm. --- Antisymmetry. --- Arc length. --- Boundary value problem. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Circular motion. --- Circumference. --- Coefficient. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Computation. --- Coordinate system. --- Coset. --- Cyclic group. --- Derivative. --- Diagonal. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dihedral group. --- Division by zero. --- Domain coloring. --- Dot product. --- Eigenfunction. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Eisenstein integer. --- Epicycloid. --- Equation. --- Euler's formula. --- Even and odd functions. --- Exponential function. --- Fourier series. --- Frieze group. --- Function (mathematics). --- Function composition. --- Function space. --- Gaussian integer. --- Geometry. --- Glide reflection. --- Group (mathematics). --- Group theory. --- Homomorphism. --- Horocycle. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Ideal point. --- Integer. --- Lattice (group). --- Linear interpolation. --- Local symmetry. --- M. C. Escher. --- Main diagonal. --- Mathematical proof. --- Mathematical structure. --- Mathematics. --- Mirror symmetry (string theory). --- Mirror symmetry. --- Morphing. --- Natural number. --- Normal subgroup. --- Notation. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Parallelogram. --- Parametric equation. --- Parametrization. --- Periodic function. --- Plane symmetry. --- Plane wave. --- Point group. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pythagorean triple. --- Quantity. --- Quotient group. --- Real number. --- Reciprocal lattice. --- Rectangle. --- Reflection symmetry. --- Right angle. --- Ring of integers. --- Rotational symmetry. --- Scientific notation. --- Special case. --- Square lattice. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Symmetry group. --- Symmetry. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Translational symmetry. --- Trigonometric functions. --- Unique factorization domain. --- Unit circle. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector space. --- Wallpaper group. --- Wave packet.

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How the concept of proof has enabled the creation of mathematical knowledgeThe Story of Proof investigates the evolution of the concept of proof—one of the most significant and defining features of mathematical thought—through critical episodes in its history. From the Pythagorean theorem to modern times, and across all major mathematical disciplines, John Stillwell demonstrates that proof is a mathematically vital concept, inspiring innovation and playing a critical role in generating knowledge.Stillwell begins with Euclid and his influence on the development of geometry and its methods of proof, followed by algebra, which began as a self-contained discipline but later came to rival geometry in its mathematical impact. In particular, the infinite processes of calculus were at first viewed as “infinitesimal algebra,” and calculus became an arena for algebraic, computational proofs rather than axiomatic proofs in the style of Euclid. Stillwell proceeds to the areas of number theory, non-Euclidean geometry, topology, and logic, and peers into the deep chasm between natural number arithmetic and the real numbers. In its depths, Cantor, Gödel, Turing, and others found that the concept of proof is ultimately part of arithmetic. This startling fact imposes fundamental limits on what theorems can be proved and what problems can be solved.Shedding light on the workings of mathematics at its most fundamental levels, The Story of Proof offers a compelling new perspective on the field’s power and progress.

Proof theory. --- Mathematicians. --- Scientists --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Accuracy and precision. --- Addition. --- Aleph number. --- Algorithm. --- Analogy. --- Analysis. --- Archimedean property. --- Associative property. --- Axiom of choice. --- Axiom schema. --- Axiom. --- Bijection. --- Calculation. --- Certainty. --- Coefficient. --- Commutative property. --- Computability theory. --- Computability. --- Computable function. --- Computation. --- Constructible number. --- Constructive analysis. --- Continuous function (set theory). --- Corollary. --- Countable set. --- Credential. --- Dedekind cut. --- Desargues's theorem. --- Determinant. --- Direct proof. --- Equation. --- Equinumerosity. --- Estimation. --- Estimator. --- Extreme value theorem. --- Fundamental theorem. --- Gentzen's consistency proof. --- Geometry. --- Hypotenuse. --- Hypothesis. --- Identifiability. --- Inference. --- Infimum and supremum. --- Infinitesimal. --- Intermediate value theorem. --- Intuitionism. --- Logic. --- Logical connective. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematician. --- Mathematics. --- Maximal element. --- Natural number. --- Number theory. --- Obstacle. --- Ordinal number. --- Peano axioms. --- Permutation group. --- Permutation. --- Planarity. --- Playfair's axiom. --- Polygon. --- Polynomial. --- Power set. --- Predicate logic. --- Prediction. --- Prime factor. --- Prime number. --- Proof by infinite descent. --- Pythagorean theorem. --- Quantifier (logic). --- Quantity. --- Quaternion. --- Quintic function. --- Rational number. --- Real number. --- Reason. --- Recursively enumerable set. --- Rule of inference. --- Satisfiability. --- Self-reference. --- Sequence. --- Set theory. --- Special case. --- Staffing. --- Subsequence. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Symbolic computation. --- Symmetry group. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Total order. --- Truth value. --- Turing machine. --- Unit square. --- Vector space. --- Well-order. --- Zorn's lemma.