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The cosmetics industry is one of the largest contributors to end-of-life waste in Europe due to the wide variety of packaging used for beauty products and the rapid emergence of new products. To tackle this aspect and due to the growing concern and interest in sustainability among consumers and organisations, the personal care industry has started to implement various strategies to reduce its ecological impact, including the implementation of collection programs and adopting a circular approach. The aim of this master thesis is to evaluate the level of maturity of the beauty sector in terms of green reverse logistics through unsold product and empty packaging recovery management. This study also explores the drivers and barriers experienced by retailers and producers to implement reverse supply chain operations. To this end, a qualitative research was conducted by analysing secondary data, conducting a qualitative survey and interviewing European producers. This research concluded that overall, the European industry is naïvely mature in terms of product recovery and empty packaging returns management. It also put forward that there is a significant gap between green reverse logistics management of SMEs and large cosmetics groups. Areas for improvement such as the need to adopt a comprehensive overview of the value chain and the lack of strategy in reverse supply chain management were highlighted.
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Dear Colleagues, The composition, structure and function of forest ecosystems are the key features characterizing their ecological properties, and can thus be crucially shaped and changed by various biotic and abiotic factors on multiple spatial scales. The magnitude and extent of these changes in recent decades calls for enhanced mitigation and adaption measures. Remote sensing data and methods are the main complementary sources of up-to-date synoptic and objective information of forest ecology. Due to the inherent 3D nature of forest ecosystems, the analysis of 3D sources of remote sensing data is considered to be most appropriate for recreating the forest’s compositional, structural and functional dynamics. In this Special Issue of Forests, we published a set of state-of-the-art scientific works including experimental studies, methodological developments and model validations, all dealing with the general topic of 3D remote sensing-assisted applications in forest ecology. We showed applications in forest ecology from a broad collection of method and sensor combinations, including fusion schemes. All in all, the studies and their focuses are as broad as a forest’s ecology or the field of remote sensing and, thus, reflect the very diverse usages and directions toward which future research and practice will be directed.
normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) --- SRTMGL1 --- SPOT-6 --- urban ecology --- terrestrial laser scanner --- Lantana camara --- terrestrial laser scanning --- harvester --- product recovery --- imputation --- optimization --- multi-spectral --- function --- ZiYuan-3 stereo images --- spatial noise --- 3D remote sensing --- tree measurement --- diameter at breast height (DBH) --- DSM --- metabolic scale theory --- municipal forestry --- digital photogrammetry --- Norway spruce --- missing observations --- interrater agreement --- measurement error --- stump height --- Fractional cover analysis --- google earth engine --- high-voltage power transmission lines --- habitat fragmentation --- codispersion coefficient --- forest fire --- tree height --- nu SVR --- RapidEye --- uneven-aged mountainous --- random Hough transform --- kriging --- street trees --- ground validation --- Google Street View --- laser --- species identification --- composition --- maximum forest heights --- mountainous areas --- landscape fragmentation --- Landsat 8 --- forest canopy height --- allometric scaling and resource limitation model --- urban forestry --- point cloud --- GSV --- stump diameter --- structure --- 3D --- codispersion map --- forest ecology --- polarimetery --- crowdsourced data
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Recent advancements in computer technology have allowed for designers to have direct control over the production process through the help of computer-based tools, creating the possibility of a completely integrated design and manufacturing process. Over the last few decades, "artificial intelligence" (AI) techniques, such as machine learing and deep learning, have been topics of interest in computer-based design and manufacturing research fields. However, efforts to develop computer-based AI to handle big data in design and manufacturing have not yet been successful. This Special Issue aims to collect novel articles covering artificial intelligence-based design, manufacturing, and data-driven design. It will comprise academics, researchers, mechanical, manufacturing, production and industrial engineers and professionals related to engineering design and manufacturing.
History of engineering & technology --- product service system (PSS) --- availability --- field repair kit --- gradient-based algorithm --- robust genetic algorithm --- warpage --- design of experiments --- fringe pattern --- birefringence --- automatic design --- intelligent optimization method --- CFD --- fluid machinery --- pumps --- multi-function console --- data-driven design --- mismatch equation --- anthropometric measures --- algorithmic approach --- optimal design --- stretchable antenna-based strain sensor --- structural optimization --- structural health monitoring --- dimension reduction --- entropy-based correlation coefficient --- multidisciplinary design and analysis --- uncertainty-integrated and machine learning-based surrogate modeling --- additive manufacturing --- complexity --- modular design --- part consolidation --- product recovery --- product image design --- Kansei Engineering --- integrated decision system --- qualitative decision model --- quantitative decision model --- train seats --- measurement-assisted assembly --- coordination space --- assemblability --- small displacement torsor --- Kriging --- lower confidence bounding --- entropy theory --- product design --- simulation-based design optimization --- convolutional neural network --- object detection --- piping and instrument diagram --- unsupervised learning --- product service system (PSS) --- availability --- field repair kit --- gradient-based algorithm --- robust genetic algorithm --- warpage --- design of experiments --- fringe pattern --- birefringence --- automatic design --- intelligent optimization method --- CFD --- fluid machinery --- pumps --- multi-function console --- data-driven design --- mismatch equation --- anthropometric measures --- algorithmic approach --- optimal design --- stretchable antenna-based strain sensor --- structural optimization --- structural health monitoring --- dimension reduction --- entropy-based correlation coefficient --- multidisciplinary design and analysis --- uncertainty-integrated and machine learning-based surrogate modeling --- additive manufacturing --- complexity --- modular design --- part consolidation --- product recovery --- product image design --- Kansei Engineering --- integrated decision system --- qualitative decision model --- quantitative decision model --- train seats --- measurement-assisted assembly --- coordination space --- assemblability --- small displacement torsor --- Kriging --- lower confidence bounding --- entropy theory --- product design --- simulation-based design optimization --- convolutional neural network --- object detection --- piping and instrument diagram --- unsupervised learning
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