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precision medicine --- oncology --- clinical medicine --- personalised medicine --- individualised therapy --- Personalized medicine --- Cancer --- Oncology --- Oncology. --- Personalized medicine. --- Treatment --- Treatment. --- Individualized medicine --- Medical care --- Pharmacogenetics --- Tumors --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Therapy --- Precision medicine --- Precision medicine. --- Médecine de précision --- Cancérologie --- Traitement

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“Personalised Nutrition” represents any initiative that attempts to provide tailor-made healthy eating advice based on the nutritional needs of each individual, as these are dictated by the individual’s behaviour, phenotype and/or genotype, and their interactions. This Special Issue of Nutrients is dedicated to the development, implementation and assessment of the effectiveness of evidence-based “Personalised Nutrition” strategies. In this regard, a selection of reviews and original research manuscripts will bring together the latest evidence on how lifestyle habits, physiology, nutraceuticals, gut microbiome and genetics can be integrated into nutritional solutions, specific to the needs of each individual, for maintaining health and preventing diseases.

n/a --- gene-based --- taste --- postprandial leptin --- children --- personalised --- obesity --- macronutrient composition --- gastrointestinal symptoms --- postprandial adiponectin --- formula diet --- avoidance diet --- weight loss --- weight --- omega-3 fatty acids --- microbiome --- genotype --- nutrition --- direct-to-consumer test --- intervention --- clinical nutrition --- postprandial total ghrelin --- dietary intervention --- microbiota --- low-carbohydrate diet --- insulin --- FADS polymorphism --- adults --- genetics --- diet --- healthcare professionals --- HbA1c --- PROX1 gene --- phenotype --- high-fat meal --- glucose --- personalised nutrition --- irritable bowel syndrome --- dietary recommendation --- postprandial metabolic fingerprinting --- type 2 diabetes mellitus risk --- high-carbohydrate meal --- health --- ultra-high performance liquid chromatography --- food allergy --- normo-carbohydrate meal --- nutrimetabolomics --- type 2 diabetes --- nutrigenetics --- gene–diet interaction --- personalized nutrition --- gene-diet interaction

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Adverse drug reactions are one of the major constraints when using drugs. These adverse reactions can impact healthcare systems as strongly as many prevalent diseases. Identifying DNA variants associated with adverse drug reactions can help personalize medicine and sustain healthcare systems. This book delves into new advances in pharmacogenetics of cardiovascular, cancer, and nervous system drugs. It may be useful for clinicians and patients to understand the basics of pharmacogenetics.

Medicine --- 5-fluorouracil --- capecitabine --- fluoropyrimidine --- thymidylate synthase --- thymidylate synthase enhancer region --- upstream stimulatory factor 1 --- adverse drug reactions --- pharmacogenomics --- epistasis --- random forest --- statin --- cardiovascular disease --- colorectal cancer --- personalised medicine --- toxicity --- (es)citalopram --- drug-gene-interaction --- drug-drug-interaction --- drug-drug-gene-interaction --- the PharmLines initiative --- antipsychotic agents --- pharmacogenetics --- cytochrome P-450 enzyme system --- psychotic disorders --- precision medicine --- direct oral anticoagulants --- clinical implementation --- atorvastatin --- SLCO1B1 --- HLA --- cutaneous adverse drug reaction --- SCAR --- genetic polymorphism --- antiepileptics --- CYP450 enzymes --- platelet reactivity --- single-nucleotide variants --- acute coronary syndrome --- clopidogrel --- genotype --- allele --- polymorphism --- HLA B --- CYP2C9*3 --- cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) --- anti-epileptic drugs (AEDS) --- phenytoin (PHT) --- genetic risk factors --- South India --- India --- cardiology --- adverse events --- guidelines --- 5-fluorouracil --- capecitabine --- fluoropyrimidine --- thymidylate synthase --- thymidylate synthase enhancer region --- upstream stimulatory factor 1 --- adverse drug reactions --- pharmacogenomics --- epistasis --- random forest --- statin --- cardiovascular disease --- colorectal cancer --- personalised medicine --- toxicity --- (es)citalopram --- drug-gene-interaction --- drug-drug-interaction --- drug-drug-gene-interaction --- the PharmLines initiative --- antipsychotic agents --- pharmacogenetics --- cytochrome P-450 enzyme system --- psychotic disorders --- precision medicine --- direct oral anticoagulants --- clinical implementation --- atorvastatin --- SLCO1B1 --- HLA --- cutaneous adverse drug reaction --- SCAR --- genetic polymorphism --- antiepileptics --- CYP450 enzymes --- platelet reactivity --- single-nucleotide variants --- acute coronary syndrome --- clopidogrel --- genotype --- allele --- polymorphism --- HLA B --- CYP2C9*3 --- cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) --- anti-epileptic drugs (AEDS) --- phenytoin (PHT) --- genetic risk factors --- South India --- India --- cardiology --- adverse events --- guidelines

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This book contains research articles on the advances in the aetiology of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), the spinal growth related to the implementation of growth modulation for the surgical treatment of early-onset IS, the non-surgical treatment of IS using Physiotheraputic Scoliosis Specific Exercises, and braces. Additionally, it focuses on issues related to surgical treatment, issues related to body posture and the quality of life of this sensitive group of people. The high quality of published papers in this Special Issue of the JCM serve these objectives.

Medicine --- idiopathic scoliosis --- health-related quality of life --- cultural adaptation --- Italian Spine Youth Quality of Life Questionnaire --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- adolescent idiopathic scoliosis --- brace therapy --- brace concepts --- rigid brace --- night time brace --- ring apophysis --- maturation --- ossification --- fusion --- scoliosis --- nighttime orthotic treatment --- surgery --- quality of life --- paraspinal muscles --- cross-sectional area --- posterior approach --- computed tomography --- Italian spine youth quality of life questionnaire --- SRS-22 --- 22q11.2 deletion syndrome --- human model --- neuromuscular scoliosis --- radiography --- MRI --- curve morphology --- intraspinal anomaly --- body height --- pulmonary function test --- Cobb angle --- iTRAQ --- α-actin --- progressive --- differentially expressed proteins --- bracing --- physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise --- physical activity --- adherence --- spinal appearance --- shared decision-making --- personalised approach --- sclerostin --- osteocytes --- β-catenin --- Wnt signaling pathway --- scoliometer --- truncal asymmetry --- lateral spinal profile --- surface topography --- aetiology --- spinal deformities --- pathobiomechanics --- follow-up study --- Rett syndrome --- motor skills --- telerehabilitation --- physical therapy modalities --- home exercise program --- neurodynamic functions --- assessment --- pain --- treatment --- early onset scoliosis --- non-operative treatment --- body posture --- sports activity --- corrective exercises --- digital photography --- n/a

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Alternative treatment modes for antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens have become a public health priority. Bacteriophages are bacterial viruses that infect and lyse bacterial cells. Since bacteriophages are frequently bacterial host species-specific and can often also infect antibiotic-resistant bacterial cells, they could represent ideal antimicrobials for fighting the antibiotic resistance crisis. The medical use of bacteriophages has become known as phage therapy. It is widely used in Russia, where phage cocktails are sold in pharmacies as an over-the-counter drug. However, no phage product has been registered for medical purposes outside of the former Soviet Union. The current Special Issue of Viruses contains a collection of papers from opinion leaders in the field who explore hurdles to the introduction of phage therapy in western countries. The articles cover diverse topics ranging from patent to regulatory issues, the targeting of suitable bacterial infections, and the selection and characterization of safe and efficient phage cocktails. Phage resistance is discussed, and gaps in our knowledge of phage–bacterium interactions in the mammalian body are revealed, while other articles explore the use of phages in food production and processing.

alginate --- abortive infection --- n/a --- bacterial resistance --- bacteriophages --- ATMP --- MALDI-MS --- adaptation --- Bacteriophage --- horizontal gene transfer --- adaptive immunity --- co-evolution --- Listeria ivanovii --- personalised medicines --- pH stability --- phage-human host interaction --- vB_SauM-fRuSau02 --- antimicrobial resistance --- phagodisinfection --- biofilm --- capsule depolymerase --- animal model --- phage cocktails --- Enterococcus --- cases report --- zoonosis --- resistance --- magistral formula --- experimental therapy --- Belgium --- phage therapy --- E. faecalis --- nontraditional antibacterial --- industrial phage application --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- OrthoMCL --- Germany --- high-throughput sequencing --- antimicrobial --- infection --- antibiotic therapy --- Kayvirus --- phages --- Twortlikevirus --- bacterial disease --- human host --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- phage --- multidrug-resistant bacteria --- bacterial infection --- Salmonella Typhi --- rhamnopolysaccharide --- compassionate use --- crop production --- compounding pharmacy --- antimicrobial resistance (AMR) --- best practices --- bacteriophage efficacy --- phage sensitivity --- antibiotic-resistance --- antibiotic --- lysins --- PTMP --- Escherichia coli --- typhoid fever --- patent landscape --- phage preparation --- innate immunity --- anti-phage antibodies --- immunology --- Staphylococcus aureus --- global health --- clinical trial --- adsorption --- Brussels --- phage-resistance --- Galleria mellonella --- science communication --- history of science --- virus–host interactions --- foodborne illness --- prophage --- resistance management --- biofilms --- IND --- immunomodulation --- frequency of resistance --- capsule --- gastrointestinal tract --- phage-host interactions --- disinfection --- production --- bacteriophage therapy --- bacteriophage --- Staphylococcus --- magistral preparation --- extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) --- Viral proteins --- antibiotic resistance --- genomics --- phage biocontrol --- therapy --- target selection --- viral genomes --- evolution --- pharmaceutical paradigm shift --- personalized medicine --- pharmaceutical legislation --- food safety --- regulation --- virulence --- developing countries --- infectious disease --- regulatory framework --- sustainable agriculture --- Klebsiella pneumoniae --- virus-host interactions