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Opium trade --- Opium poppy --- Agriculture
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Opium poppy --- Poppies in literature. --- Latin literature --- Poppies in art. --- Art, Roman. --- History and criticism.
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Opium trade --- Opium poppy --- Destruction and pillage. --- Destruction and pillage. --- International Security Assistance Force (Afghanistan) --- Taliban. --- United States --- United States --- Afghanistan. --- Armed Forces. --- Defenses.
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Faut-il décriminaliser, voire légaliser l'usage du cannabis ? Si oui, dans quel cadre législatif et pour qui ? Ces questions qui agitent les pouvoirs publics occidentaux depuis des décennies n'avaient pas encore fait l'objet d'études approfondies et complètes. Un comité spécial du Sénat canadien s'y est attaqué. Le rapport qu'il a rendu public a étonné tous les observateurs par la rigueur de ses recherches et l'audace de ses propositions. D'importantes ressources scientifiques ont été mobilisées pour faire le point : 23 rapports de recherches réalisés par des scientifiques de réputation internationale, plus de 200 témoins, chercheurs et spécialistes au Canada et à l'étranger, de nombreux groupes de discussion… Le débat sur le cannabis sort enfin sur la place publique. L'essentiel du rapport et toutes les recommandations se retrouvent dans ce livre. Le Comité propose des perspectives nouvelles face aux drogues illicites, rappelant la nécessité de trouver une politique différente et efficace « qui ne banalise ni ne marginalise les usages ». Novateur dans ses bases scientifiques et courageux dans ses recommandations, ce rapport, précédé d'une préface du sénateur Nolin, devient désormais indispensable à toute discussion sur le cannabis au niveau national et international.
343.966 <71> --- 633.888 --- Drugs--Canada --- Plants yielding drugs affecting the nervous system. Valerian. Papaver somniferum (opium poppy). Cannabis sativa (Indian hemp, hashish). Belladonna (deadly nightshade). Nuxvomica (as source of strychnine). Others --- 633.888 Plants yielding drugs affecting the nervous system. Valerian. Papaver somniferum (opium poppy). Cannabis sativa (Indian hemp, hashish). Belladonna (deadly nightshade). Nuxvomica (as source of strychnine). Others --- 343.966 <71> Drugs--Canada --- Marijuana --- Narcotic laws --- Marijuana. --- Drogues --- Droit --- Politique gouvernementale --- Aspect social --- Law and legislation --- Government policy --- Social aspects --- Ganja --- Marihuana --- Cannabis --- Narcotics --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Weed (Marijuana) --- politique contre les drogues --- toxicomanie --- cannabis --- marijuana
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En mettant l’accent sur les pratiques sociales engendrées par la consommation plutôt que sur les implications politiques et économiques de l’offre, Xavier Paulès renouvelle la lecture historique de la question de l’opium. Nombre d’idées reçues sont remises en cause. Dans le Canton du premier tiers du XXe siècle où d’efficaces campagnes de stigmatisation se sont soldées par un recul général de la pratique et par sa quasi-disparition au sein des élites, Xavier Paulès montre avec force que l’opium n’a été ni un fléau de santé publique, ni un facteur de désintégration du corps social. Si la drogue résiste, c’est en partie grâce aux agréments qu’offrent les fumeries : l’enquête minutieuse qu’il leur consacre atteste qu’elles sont le lieu privilégié d’une sociabilité masculine de quartier. Cette étude nous plonge dans les mutations d’une société urbaine dont l’ampleur et la rapidité ne peuvent se comparer qu’à celles qu’on observe en Chine aujourd’hui. Rivalités politiques, transformation de l’ordre fiscal et administratif, affirmation d’une économie des loisirs, hiérarchie sociale, place des femmes, influence des sociétés secrètes et du monde du crime, construction d’une identité nationale, il n’est guère de question qui ne reçoive un éclairage nouveau et original.
Opium trade --- Drug traffic --- History --- Drug dealing --- Drug production, Illicit --- Drug smuggling --- Drug trade, Illicit --- Drug trafficking --- Drugs --- Illicit drug production --- Illicit drug trade --- Narcotic trade --- Narcotic traffic --- Narcotic trafficking --- Smuggling of drugs --- Smuggling of narcotics --- Traffic, Drug --- Trafficking in drugs --- Trafficking in narcotics --- Drug abuse and crime --- Narco-terrorism --- Opium industry --- Opium poppy industry --- Prices and sale --- China --- opium --- opium addiction --- Chinese history --- Canton
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Opium trade --- Opium poppy growers --- Rural development --- Substance Abuse --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Community development, Rural --- Development, Rural --- Integrated rural development --- Regional development --- Rehabilitation, Rural --- Rural community development --- Rural economic development --- Growers, Opium poppy --- Citizen participation --- Social aspects --- Agriculture and state --- Community development --- Economic development --- Regional planning --- Farmers --- Afghanistan --- Agriculture. --- A-fu-han --- Afeganistão --- Affganistan --- Affghanistan --- Afganistan --- Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Afganistėn --- Afganistėn Myslimėn Respublikė --- Afghānistān Islāmī Imārat --- Afghánská islámská republika --- Afghanstan --- Afghanstan Islam Respublikaḣy --- Afhanistan --- Ăfqanıstan --- Ăfqanıstan İslam Respublikası --- Afuganisutan --- Ahyganitã --- Apganistan --- Aphganistan --- Da Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Democratic Republic of Afghanistan --- DRA --- Efẍanistan --- Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Affganistan --- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan --- Islamic Republic of Afghanistan --- Islamic State of Afghanistan --- Islamikong Republika kan Apganistan --- Islamitiese Republiek van Afghanistan --- Islamska republika Afganistan --- Islamskai︠a︡ Rėspublika Afhanistan --- Isli︠a︡mska republika Afganistan --- Jamhuri-ye Islami-ye Afghanistan --- Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afġānestān --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Afghānistān --- Republic of Afghanistan --- República Democrática de Afganistán --- Republik Islamek Afghanistan --- Tetã Islãrehegua Ahyganitã --- Афганистан --- Афганистэн --- Афганистэн Мыслимэн Республикэ --- Афганістан --- Ислямска република Афганистан --- Ісламская Рэспубліка Афганістан --- افغانستان --- جمهورى اسلامى افغانستان --- アフガニスタン
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This is the first scholarly study in which the production, trade and political effects of opium and its derivatives are shown over many centuries, and in many countries (China, India, Indonesia, Japan, all Southeast Asian countries and some in Europe and the Americas). Starting in the 16th century, slavery and opium became the two means with which the bodies and souls of men and women in the tropics were exploited in western imperialism and colonialism. The first waned with the abolition movement in the 19th century, but opium production and trade continued to spread, with the associated serious social and political effects. Around 1670 the Dutch introduced opium as a cash crop for mass production and distribution in India and Indonesia. China became the main target in the 19th century, and only succeeded in getting rid of the opium problem around 1950. Then it had already been transformed from an “Eastern” into a “Western” problem.
East and West. --- Imperialism -- Social aspects. --- Opium abuse -- Asia -- History. --- Opium trade -- Asia -- History. --- Opium abuse --- Opium trade --- East and West --- Imperialism --- History --- Plant Extracts --- History, Early Modern 1451-1600 --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Humanities --- Plant Preparations --- Diseases --- Mental Disorders --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Biological Products --- Complex Mixtures --- Chemicals and Drugs --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Opioid-Related Disorders --- History, 16th Century --- Opium --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Substance Abuse --- Social aspects --- History. --- Social aspects. --- Colonialism --- Empires --- Expansion (United States politics) --- Neocolonialism --- Civilization, Western --- Civilization, Oriental --- Occident and Orient --- Orient and Occident --- West and East --- Opium industry --- Opium addiction --- Opium habit --- Asian influences --- Oriental influences --- Western influences --- Political science --- Anti-imperialist movements --- Caesarism --- Chauvinism and jingoism --- Militarism --- Eastern question --- Drug traffic --- Drug abuse --- E-books --- BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Infrastructure. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / General. --- Opium poppy industry
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The importance of natural products, and especially plant secondary metabolites, for the treatment of diseases and drug development has already been obvious in medicine for several thousand years. Thus, this Special Issue of MDPI Biomedicines collects eight top articles from the field as regular full papers in addition to five reviews. All of the published papers are a vibrant source of information on the therapeutic potential of plant secondary metabolites in the treatment of diseases and drug development.
Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- Cannabis sativa (Cannabis) --- cannabinoids --- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) --- cannabidiol (CBD) --- cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) --- Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) --- secondary metabolites --- ursolic acid --- NSCLC --- tumorsphere --- EGFR --- STAT3 --- MMP2 --- PD-L1 --- MAFLD --- tanshinone IIA --- phytochemical --- lipogenesis --- lipid accumulation --- LXRα --- malaria --- quinine --- chloroquine --- artemisinin --- onchocerciasis --- ivermectin --- moxidectin --- cancer --- vincristine --- vinblastine --- anabolic --- diabetes --- Duchenne muscular dystrophy --- β-ecdysone --- ecdysteroid --- ecdysterone --- Mas1 --- osteoporosis --- sarcopenia --- COVID-19 --- cardiometabolic diseases --- respiratory diseases --- natural product --- SARS-CoV-2 --- lung cancer --- United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drug --- natural remedy --- triterpenoid --- molecular ribbon --- Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition --- amide bond --- multifunctional PEG3 derivative --- antimicrobial activity --- anti-HIV activity --- cytotoxicity --- supramolecular self-assembly --- phytocannabinoids --- cannabichromene --- thermos-TRPs --- TRPA1 --- α,α-dimethylheptyl effect --- betulinic acid --- BODIPY --- bevirimat --- cell-cycle --- fluorescent microscopy --- maturation inhibitor --- capsaicinoids --- endocannabinoidome --- microbiota --- overweight --- obesity --- food intake --- lipidomics --- metabolism --- alkaloids --- membrane fusion --- viral fusion inhibitor --- antiviral therapy --- curcumin --- cancer cells --- bioavailability --- curcumin derivatives --- curcumin analogues --- curcumin delivery systems --- natural product synthesis --- lignans --- inflammation --- NF-κB inhibition --- Cannabis sativa (Cannabis) --- cannabinoids --- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) --- cannabidiol (CBD) --- cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) --- Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) --- secondary metabolites --- ursolic acid --- NSCLC --- tumorsphere --- EGFR --- STAT3 --- MMP2 --- PD-L1 --- MAFLD --- tanshinone IIA --- phytochemical --- lipogenesis --- lipid accumulation --- LXRα --- malaria --- quinine --- chloroquine --- artemisinin --- onchocerciasis --- ivermectin --- moxidectin --- cancer --- vincristine --- vinblastine --- anabolic --- diabetes --- Duchenne muscular dystrophy --- β-ecdysone --- ecdysteroid --- ecdysterone --- Mas1 --- osteoporosis --- sarcopenia --- COVID-19 --- cardiometabolic diseases --- respiratory diseases --- natural product --- SARS-CoV-2 --- lung cancer --- United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drug --- natural remedy --- triterpenoid --- molecular ribbon --- Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition --- amide bond --- multifunctional PEG3 derivative --- antimicrobial activity --- anti-HIV activity --- cytotoxicity --- supramolecular self-assembly --- phytocannabinoids --- cannabichromene --- thermos-TRPs --- TRPA1 --- α,α-dimethylheptyl effect --- betulinic acid --- BODIPY --- bevirimat --- cell-cycle --- fluorescent microscopy --- maturation inhibitor --- capsaicinoids --- endocannabinoidome --- microbiota --- overweight --- obesity --- food intake --- lipidomics --- metabolism --- alkaloids --- membrane fusion --- viral fusion inhibitor --- antiviral therapy --- curcumin --- cancer cells --- bioavailability --- curcumin derivatives --- curcumin analogues --- curcumin delivery systems --- natural product synthesis --- lignans --- inflammation --- NF-κB inhibition
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An account of the activities of British merchants in China in the crucial years before the Treaty of Nanking (1842), which transformed the relations between the Celestial Empire and the Western 'barbarians' and placed them upon a footing that was to last for 100 years. Mr Greenberg shows how this change was brought about by the pressures of the expanding British economy of the early nineteenth century. Much of the material is based on the papers of Jardine Matheson and Co., the only firm of pre-treaty days to survive, and the largest of the British firms then established in Canton.
Arts and Humanities --- History --- Opium trade. --- Great Britain --- China --- Commerce --- Opium industry --- Opium poppy industry --- Drug traffic --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- )
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