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"The situation in Palestine has influenced the deployment of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. The impact of longterm Israeli occupation and the rule of the Palestinian Authority in the Occupied Territory is multifaceted. Despite the various research on Palestine, human rights, and the rule of law, few studies have been conducted on the enforcement mechanisms of human rights in Palestine. This study examines the applicability of international human rights and humanitarian laws as well as domestic laws to assess the contribution of these directives in protecting the fundamental human rights of Palestinians in the Occupied Territory. It conducts an in-depth case study of three basic rights: the right to movement, the right to property, and the right to equality and non-discrimination in the Occupied Territory. The study further examines the role of the Palestinian High Court of Justice and the Israeli Supreme Court in implementing domestic and international laws. In this regard, the study examines the major laws which are invoked, in certain circumstances, to limit the ability of Palestinians to confiscate, expropriate, and destruct their private property, and to implement discriminatory practices against them. The study further examines whether the available international and domestic mechanisms are effective, and if not, it suggests modifications upon which a functional national and international system could be built.The findings of the research demonstrate that international human rights treaties and international humanitarian law conventions are de facto and de jure applicable in the Occupied Territory. As a result of the aforementioned in-depth study cases, it can be concluded that human rights violations against Palestinians in the Occupied Territory are committed by the Palestinian Authority and the Israeli government. In addition, the Palestinian and the Israeli judiciaries have failed to grant Palestinians reasonable protection or a just remedy, and they are dysfunctional and politically driven. The study concludes with a proposal for new mechanisms for Palestinians to redress human rights violations. The further outcomes of this study argue that neither international human rights nor humanitarian law guarantee full protection for Palestinians. Hence, the implication of the findings indicates that the regulations of international human rights and humanitarian laws, which were made by the powers of the nineteenth century with their colonial provisions, might not fit to the present complications of the current challenges to international law in Palestine. The goal is to promote a re-thinking approach to the employment of human rights to serve all people in an efficient and well-organized system. The scope of this study is not meant to grant Palestinians favorable treatment in the multilateral international system, but to achieve just and successful remedies for victims of human rights violations."
Law --- International law --- International human rights law --- international human rights --- international humanitarian law --- Occupied Territory --- Palestine --- Recht --- Internationale Menschenrechte --- Besetzte Gebiete --- Palästina
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As Israel's control of the Occupied Palestinian Territory nears its fiftieth anniversary, The Writing on the Wall offers a critical perspective on the international law of occupation. Advocating a normative and functional approach to occupation and to the question of when it exists, it analyzes the application of humanitarian and human rights law, pointing to the risk of using the law of occupation in its current version to legitimize new variations of conquest and colonialism. The book points to the need for reconsidering the law of occupation in light of changing forms of control, such as those evident in Gaza. Although the Israeli occupation is a main focal point, the book broadens its compass to look at other cases, such as Iraq, Northern Cyprus, and Western Sahara, highlighting the role that international law plays in all of these cases.
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An understanding of military occupation as a distinct phenomenon first emerged in the 18th century. This book shows how this understanding developed and the problems that the occupiers, the occupied, commentators and the courts encountered.
Military occupation --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government --- History. --- HISTORY / Military / General. --- Military occupation.
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The customary law of belligerent occupation goes back to the Hague and Geneva Conventions. Recent instances of such occupation include Iraq, the former Yugoslavia, the Congo and Eritrea. But the paradigmatic illustration is the Israeli occupation, lasting for over 40 years. There is now case law of the International Court of Justice and other judicial bodies, both international and domestic. There are Security Council resolutions and a vast literature. Still, numerous controversial points remain. How is belligerent occupation defined? How is it started and when is it terminated? What is the interaction with human rights law? Who is protected under belligerent occupation, and what is the scope of the protection? Conversely, what measures can an occupying power lawfully resort to when encountering forcible resistance from inhabitants of the occupied territory? This book examines the legislative, judicial and executive rights of the occupying power and its obligations to the civilian population.
Military occupation. --- War (International law) --- Hostilities --- International law --- Neutrality --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government --- Law --- General and Others
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Belligerent occupations existed in both World Wars and have occurred more recently in all parts of the world (including Iraq, Afghanistan, the former Yugoslavia, Congo, Northern Cyprus, Nagorno-Karabakh, Georgia, Eritrea and Ethiopia). Owing to its special length - exceeding half a century and still in progress - and the unprecedented flow of judicial decisions, a special focus is called for as regards to the occupation of Palestinian territories by Israel. International law addresses the subject of belligerent occupation in some detail. This second, revised edition updates the text (originally published in 2009) in terms of both State practice and doctrinal discourse. The emphasis is put on decisions of the Security Council; legislation adopted by the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq; and predominantly case law: international (Judgments of the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the European Court of Human Rights; Advisory Opinions and Arbitral Awards) as well as domestic courts.
Military occupation. --- War (International law) --- Hostilities --- International law --- Neutrality --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government
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"This open access book explores how different spatial geographies emerged, adapted or were transformed in various occupied and colonial settings around Asia, showing how the experiences of those living under occupation shaped and was shaped by new interpretations and typologies of 'space'. With case studies across South, Southeast and East Asia and through a variety of disciplinary perspectives, Spatial Histories of Occupation adopts a trans-Asian comparative approach to show how the experiences of occupation and colonialism shifted under particular spatial typologies, particularly in urban, maritime and rural settings. Revealing the similarities, differences and connections that existed between and across different spaces of foreign occupation and colonialism in modern Asian history, this book shows how a focus on historical geography and 'space' can revise our broader categories and conceptualisations related to occupation; be it under colonial, wartime or Cold War powers. The open access edition of this book is available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by The European Research Council."--
Colonies --- Military occupation. --- Imperialism --- History --- Asia --- Politics and government. --- Foreign relations. --- Miltary occupation. --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government
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This book argues that Chapter XI of the UN Charter should be applied to military occupations. The book operates in two parts. First, it describes the status quo of the law of military occupation and the economic incentive that this status quo holds for the occupant. Second, it shows by way of a contemporary interpretation, how Chapter XI should be applied and what it would mean for the economic rights of the inhabitants. It will be argued that the application of Chapter XI would make it economically unattractive for an occupant to stay in the foreign territory, while leaving his right to self-defense intact.This book is of interest to scholars and practitioners who are seeking new avenues for the laws of military occupation.
Conquest, Right of. --- Military occupation. --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government --- Debellatio --- Right of conquest --- International law --- Military occupation
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Wohl kaum eine Ereignis der deutschen Geschichte hatte so vielfältige und weitreichende Folgen wie das Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Der Schock produzierte eine wahre Flut an Überlegungen, Planspielen und Denkschriften, die sich immer wieder mit der Frage der politischen, gesellschaftlichen und moralischen Erneuerung beschäftigten. Weitgehend unbekannt sind in diesem Zusammenhang die heftigen Diskussionen geblieben, die seit Sommer 1945 im deutschen Südwesten entbrannten. Katholische Intellektuelle und Honoratioren sahen nun den Zeitpunkt gekommen, die nationale Bindung aufzugeben; an die Stelle eines preußisch-kleindeutschen Reichs sollte eine stammesföderalistisch geprägte Neugliederung treten. Überlegungen dieser Art lassen sich bereits vor 1933 zwischen Lörrach, Konstanz und Karlsruhe, aber auch bis Augsburg und Bregenz nachweisen. Zusätzliche schien die Aufteilung der Länder Baden und Württemberg durch die französische und amerikanische Besatzungszone, die Chance für eine völlig neue Grenzziehung zu erhöhen. Auf der Basis unbekannter französischer, deutschen, schweizerischer und österreichischer Quellen sowie bislang unzugänglicher Privatnachlässe schildert der Autor minutiös den Verlauf der Diskussion und die Visionen der wichtigsten Wortführer.
Military government --- French --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Military occupation. --- History --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Frenchmen (French people) --- Military rule --- Reconstruction --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Postwar reconstruction --- Ethnology --- Public administration --- Civil-military relations --- Military occupation
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Stirk argues that military occupation should be regarded as a political phenomenon - a distinct form of government at the heart of which is the nature of obligation on the part of both the occupier and the occupied. He aims to promote a change in the understanding of occupation thereby avoiding the perpetuation of recent failures in this area.
Military occupation --- Military occupation. --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government --- Political aspects. --- Military rule --- Public administration --- Civil-military relations --- Military government. --- Occupation militaire --- Gouvernement militaire
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Military occupation. --- Armed Forces --- Disengagement (Military science) --- Political activity. --- Battle termination --- Combat --- Tactics --- Civil-military relations --- Political participation --- Sociology, Military --- Belligerent occupation --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- Occupation, Military --- Occupied territory --- Armed Forces in foreign countries --- War (International law) --- Conquest, Right of --- Military government
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