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Electrophysiologie --- Synapses --- Nerfs --- Metabolisme --- Electrophysiologie --- Synapses --- Nerfs --- Metabolisme

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How do the billions of connections between neurons in our brain change as we learn and remember? This is the story of the discovery and the discoverer of synaptic pruning, the process of synapse elimination central to making us who we are. Taking the reader from Professor Peter Huttenlocher's childhood in wartime and post-war Germany to his emigration to the US to reunite with his mother and the launch and progress of a career in medicine and research, we uncover the motivations and process of scientific discovery that led to an unexpected leap in our understanding of the human brain. Decades after the discovery, the importance of synaptic pruning to early learning, autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and other conditions are now in the process of being uncovered.

Neurologists --- Neurosciences --- Synapses --- Huttenlocher, Peter R.

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The Synapse summarizes recent advances in cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission and provides new insights into neuronal plasticity and the cellular basis of neurological diseases. Part 1 provides an in-depth look at structural differences and distribution of various pre- and post-synaptic proteins found at glutamatergic synapses.Part 2 is dedicated to dendritic spines and their associated perisynaptic glia, which together constitute the tripartite synapse. The spines are portrayed as major sites for calcium sequestration and local protein sy

Synapses. --- Nerve endings --- Nerves --- Neural circuitry --- Neural transmission --- Synaptosomes

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Muscle Contraction --- Neurobiology --- Neurons --- Synapses --- Muscle contraction --- Muscles --- Neurobiologie --- Neurones --- Contraction --- Neurophysiology --- Molecular Biology --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal --- Neurobiologie moléculaire. --- Réseaux neuronaux (physiologie) --- Transmission neuromusculaire. --- Neurons. --- Muscle Contraction. --- Neurobiology. --- Synapses.

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One fundamental requisite for a comprehensive view on brain function and cognition is the understanding of the neuronal network activity of the brain. Neurons are organized into complex networks, interconnected through synapses. The main sites for excitatory synapses in the brain are thin protrusions called dendritic spines that emerge from dendrites. Dendritic spines have a distinct morphology with a specific molecular organization. They are considered as subcellular compartments that constrain diffusion and influence signal processing by the neuron and, hence, spines are functional integrative units for which morphology and function are tightly coupled. The density of spines along the dendrite reflects the levels of connectivity within the neuronal network. Furthermore, the relevance of studying dendritic spines is emphasized by the observation that their morphology changes with synaptic plasticity and is altered in many psychiatric disorders. The present Research Topic deals with some of the most recent findings concerning dendritic spine structure and function, showing that, in order to understand how brain neuronal activity operates, these two factors should be regarded as being intrinsically linked.

Dendrites. --- Pyramidal cell. --- Cerebral cortex. --- Synapses. --- Nerve endings --- Nerves --- Neural circuitry --- Neural transmission --- Synaptosomes --- Brain mantle --- Cortex, Cerebral --- Cortex cerebri --- Mantle of brain --- Pallium (Brain) --- Telencephalon --- Neurons --- Synaptic integration --- pyramidal cell --- Cerebral Cortex --- Dendrites --- Synapses