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This book concisely presents a broad range of models and theories on social systems. Because of the huge spectrum of topics involving social systems, various issues related to Mathematics, Statistics, Teaching, Social Science, and Economics are discussed. In an effort to introduce the subject to a wider audience, this volume, part of the series “Studies in Systems, Decision and Control”, equally addresses the needs of mathematicians, statisticians, sociologists and philosophers. The studies examined here are divided into four parts. The first part, “Perusing the Minds Behind Scientific Discoveries”, traces the winding path of Syamal K. Sen and Ravi P. Agarwal’s scholarship throughout history, and most importantly, the thought processes that allowed each of them to master their subject. The second part covers “Theories in Social Systems” and the third discusses “Models in Social Systems”, while the fourth and final part is dedicated to “Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences”. Given its breadth of coverage, the book will offer inquisitive readers a valuable point of departure for exploring these rich, vast, and ever-expanding fields of knowledge.

Social systems --- Evaluation. --- Engineering. --- Social sciences—Data processing. --- Social sciences—Computer programs. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Complexity. --- Computational Social Sciences. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Computational intelligence. --- Computational complexity. --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing

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This open access book demonstrates the application of simulation modelling and network analysis techniques in the field of Roman studies. It summarizes and discusses the results of a 5-year research project carried out by the editors that aimed to apply spatial dynamical modelling to reconstruct and understand the socio-economic development of the Dutch part of the Roman frontier (limes) zone, in particular the agrarian economy and the related development of settlement patterns and transport networks in the area. The project papers are accompanied by invited chapters presenting case studies and reflections from other parts of the Roman Empire focusing on the themes of subsistence economy, demography, transport and mobility, and socio-economic networks in the Roman period. The book shows the added value of state-of-the-art computer modelling techniques and bridges computational and conventional approaches. Topics that will be of particular interest to archaeologists are the question of (forced) surplus production, the demographic and economic effects of the Roman occupation on the local population, and the structuring of transport networks and settlement patterns. For modellers, issues of sensitivity analysis and validation of modelling results are specifically addressed. This book will appeal to students and researchers working in the computational humanities and social sciences, in particular, archaeology and ancient history.

Social sciences—Data processing. --- Social sciences—Computer programs. --- Archaeology. --- Computer simulation. --- Europe-History-To 476. --- Social sciences --- Computational Social Sciences. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- History of Ancient Europe. --- Computer Appl. in Social and Behavioral Sciences. --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Data processing. --- Computer programs. --- Europe --- Europe—History—To 476. --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Social sciences—Data processing --- Social sciences—Computer programs --- Archaeology --- Computer simulation --- Europe—History—To 476 --- Application software

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This book describes the application of a high-level technology to solve problems in distributed systems that have networked structures with millions to billions of nodes. The main difference from other works is that the approach is based on holistically and simultaneously analysing these systems using a spatial pattern-matching mode, which produces solutions hundreds of times faster than usual. The latest version of the technology is described, together with implementation details and basic Spatial Grasp Language. In addition, the book highlights numerous solutions, covering graph and network problems, their use in large social, industrial, and business ecosystems, social robotics and driverless transport, and the possibility of extrapolating from known gestalt laws on distributed systems, which could potentially be applied in civil and defence contexts. The book is intended for system scientists, business and industry managers, economists, application programmers, security and defence personnel, as well as university students.

Computer networks --- High technology. --- Social aspects. --- Engineering. --- Social sciences—Data processing. --- Social sciences—Computer programs. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Computational Social Sciences. --- Media Research. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Computational intelligence. --- Communication. --- Sociology. --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing

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This book focuses on the theoretical side of temporal network research and gives an overview of the state of the art in the field. Curated by two pioneers in the field who have helped to shape it, the book contains contributions from many leading researchers. Temporal networks fill the border area between network science and time-series analysis and are relevant for the modeling of epidemics, optimization of transportation and logistics, as well as understanding biological phenomena. Network theory has proven, over the past 20 years to be one of the most powerful tools for the study and analysis of complex systems. Temporal network theory is perhaps the most recent significant development in the field in recent years, with direct applications to many of the "big data" sets. This monograph will appeal to students, researchers and professionals alike interested in theory and temporal networks, a field that has grown tremendously over the last decade.

System analysis. --- Network analysis --- Network science --- Network theory --- Systems analysis --- System theory --- Mathematical optimization --- Physics. --- Social sciences—Data processing. --- Social sciences—Computer programs. --- Computational complexity. --- System theory. --- Applications of Graph Theory and Complex Networks. --- Computational Social Sciences. --- Complexity. --- Complex Systems. --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Philosophy

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This monograph develops a method of creating convenient coordinate systems for game theory that will allow readers to more easily understand, analyze, and create games at various levels of complexity. By identifying the unique characterization of games that separates the individual’s strategic interests from the group’s collective behavior, the authors construct a single analytical methodology that readers will be able to apply to a wide variety of games. With its emphasis on practicality and approachability, readers will find this book an invaluable tool, and a viable alternative to the ad hoc analytical approach that has become customary for researchers utilizing game theory. The introductory chapters serve two important purposes: they review several games of fundamental importance, and also introduce a dynamic that is inherent in games, but has gone unexplored until now. After this has been established, readers will advance from simple 2 x 2 games to games with more player strategies and dynamics. For interested readers, a rigorous treatment of the underlying mathematics is conveniently gathered at the end of the book. Additional topics of interest, such as extensive form and coalitional games, are presented to help readers visualize more complex settings that will be vital in aiding the understanding of advanced topics, such as coalition-free Nash points, multi-player repeated games, and more. Coordinate Systems for Games is ideal for a wide variety of researchers interested in game theory, including social scientists, economists, mathematicians, computer scientists, and more. The authors' approachable style also makes this accessible to an audience at any scale of experience, from beginning non-specialists to more practiced researchers.

Game theory. --- Games, Theory of --- Theory of games --- Mathematical models --- Mathematics --- Social sciences—Data processing. --- Social sciences—Computer programs. --- Application software. --- Game Theory, Economics, Social and Behav. Sciences. --- Game Theory. --- Computational Social Sciences. --- Computer Appl. in Social and Behavioral Sciences. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software