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Conventional MRI has several limitations such as long scan durations, motion artifacts, very loud acoustic noise, signal loss due to short relaxation times, and RF induced heating of electrically conducting objects. The goals of this work are to evaluate and improve the state-of-the-art methods for MRI of tissue with short T₂, to prove the feasibility of in vivo Concurrent Excitation and Acquisition, and to introduce simultaneous electroglottography measurement during functional lung MRI.
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An accessible introduction to the history, fundamental concepts, challenges, and controversies of the fMRI by one of the pioneers in the field. The discovery of functional MRI (fMRI) methodology in 1991 was a breakthrough in neuroscience research. This non-invasive, relatively high-speed, and high sensitivity method of mapping human brain activity enabled observation of subtle localized changes in blood flow associated with brain activity. Thousands of scientists around the world have not only embraced fMRI as a new and powerful method that complemented their ongoing studies but have also gone on to redirect their research around this revolutionary technique. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers an accessible introduction to the history, fundamental concepts, challenges, and controversies of fMRI, written by one of the pioneers in the field. Peter Bandettini covers the essentials of fMRI, providing insight and perspective from his nearly three decades of research. He describes other brain imaging and assessment methods; the sources of fMRI contrasts; the basic methodology, from hardware to pulse sequences; brain activation experiment design strategies; and data and image processing. A unique, standalone chapter addresses major controversies in the field, outlining twenty-six challenges that have helped shape fMRI research. Finally, Bandettini lays out the four essential pillars of fMRI: technology, methodology, interpretation, and applications. The book can serve as a guide for the curious nonexpert and a reference for both veteran and novice fMRI scientists.
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Featuring atypical cases and focusing on advanced imaging techniques, this book presents a compilation of unusual CNS pathologies with characteristic imaging findings. The aim is to aid the speedy diagnosis of otherwise rarely encountered clinical conditions and improve patient care. Presented as more than 130 real cases with extensive imaging description and step-by-step guidelines on how to diagnose individual pathologies, each scenario is backed by the most up-to-date literature available. The cases include some of the most recently described clinical conditions. The case-based format and description of each clinical journey encourages readers to engage with the diagnostic process and facilitates self-study. This book is for any radiologist who practices neuroradiology, neuroradiology fellows, neuroimaging fellows, practicing neurologist and neurology residents.
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is now a standard tool for mapping activation patterns in the human brain. This highly interdisciplinary field involves neuroscientists and physicists as well as clinicians, and the range, flexibility and sophistication of the techniques being used are increasing rapidly. In this book, Richard Buxton, a leading authority on fMRI, provides an invaluable introduction to how fMRI works, from basic principles and the underlying physics and physiology, to newer techniques such as arterial spin labeling and diffusion tensor imaging. The book also includes discussion of how fMRI relates to other imaging techniques (such as Positron Emission Tomography, or PET) and a guide to the statistical analysis of fMRI data. This book will be useful both to the experienced researcher using fMRI, and the clinician or researcher with no previous knowledge of the technology.
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MRI from Picture to Proton presents the basics of MR practice and theory in a unique way: backwards! The subject is approached just as a new MR practitioner would encounter MRI: starting from the images, equipment and scanning protocols, rather than pages of physics theory. The reader is brought face-to-face with issues pertinent to practice immediately, filling in the theoretical background as their experience of scanning grows. Key ideas are introduced in an intuitive manner which is faithful to the underlying physics but avoids the need for difficult or distracting mathematics. Additional explanations for the more technically inquisitive are given in optional secondary text boxes. The new edition is fully up-dated to reflect the most recent advances, and includes a new chapter on parallel imaging. Informal in style and informed in content, written by recognized effective communicators of MR, this is an essential text for the student of MR.
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This is the first volume to explore the field of clinical magnetoencephalography (MEG) and magnetic source imaging (MSI), the techniques measuring the magnetic fields generated by neuronal activity in the brain. Describing the empirical knowledge gained during the last two decades, this book will serve as a basis for the training of clinicians and scientists entering this new and exciting field. The book covers the methods for recording MEG and performing MSI in a clinical setting and includes practical examples of data collection and analysis. It explains why MEG should be used in the evaluation and treatment of patients being considered for epilepsy surgery, concluding with a section describing the potential for future applications of these methods. This is essential reading for graduate students in clinical neuroscience, residents in neurology and psychiatry, neuroradiology and neurosurgery, specialists in neurophysiology and epilepsy, and clinicians in a wide range of related brain sciences.
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Whereas diffusion NMR can probe the structural configurations configurations of microscopic environments in biological tissue, relaxation can provide complementary information on their chemical composition. This chapter considers experiments in which diffusion diffusion and relaxation properties are sampled simultaneously by varying multiple acquisition parameters. As such, correlations between the diffusion and relaxation can be established, providing an altogether more complete picture of heterogeneous tissue.
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The ideal clinical reference text for users of all types of MRI systemsWritten by international team of technologists from the USA, UK and EuropeThe ideal support for both for radiographers new to MRI and for regular users looking for information on alternative techniques and protocol modificationsNow includes Key Points throughout for quick referenceCompanion website at wiley.com/go/westbrook/mritechnique with self-assessment and image flashcards.
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Continuous improvement in MRI technology in recent years has led to the application of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in organ systems outside the brain. Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI provides an extensive review of current and future applications of this imaging modality by world-renowned experts. Organized by organ system, each chapter is highly illustrated, offering a balance of protocols, illustrations and principles of image interpretation. An initial chapter provides an overview of relevant physics and other technical details, followed by detailed chapters on all major body systems including liver, kidney, prostate, breast and spine. A final chapter discusses assessment of therapy response. Written and edited by leading DW-MRI experts worldwide, Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI is an invaluable resource for radiology trainees, practising radiologists and for researchers in a wide variety of disciplines.
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