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These two volumes collect some of the most influential and important scholarly essays by the late Morton Smith (1915-1991), for many years Professor of Ancient History at Columbia University in New York City. Smith was admired and feared for his extraordinary ability to look at familiar texts in unfamiliar ways, to re-open old questions, to pose new questions, and to demolish received truths. He practiced the 'hermeneutics of suspicion' to devastating effect. His answers are not always convincing but his questions cannot be ignored. The essays of Volume I center on the Hebrew Bible ('Old Testament'), Ancient Israel and Ancient Judaism, of Volume II on the Christian Bible ('New Testament'), Early Christianity and Ancient Magic. Volume II also contains an assessment of Smith's scholarly achievement and a complete list of his publications.

Judaism --- Jews --- History --- 22.08*4 --- 22.08*01 --- 296.09 --- Bijbelse theologie: cultus --- Bijbelse theologie: God; Godsleer --- Religion Judaism History --- 22.08*01 Bijbelse theologie: God; Godsleer --- 22.08*4 Bijbelse theologie: cultus --- Middle East --- Religion. --- Judaism - History - To 70 A.D. --- Jews - History - To 70 A.D.

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Jews --- Juifs --- History --- Historiography --- Histoire --- Historiographie --- Tacitus, Cornelius. --- 937 --- Geschiedenis van Rome tot 476 --- 937 Geschiedenis van Rome tot 476 --- Finance, Public --- Taxation --- Finances publiques --- Impôt --- Athens (Greece) --- Athènes (Grèce) --- Economic conditions --- Conditions économiques --- Economic conditions. --- 937 History of ancient Rome (to 476 AD) --- History of ancient Rome (to 476 AD) --- Tacite, --- Jews - History - To 70 A.D. --- Athenes (grece) --- Histoire ancienne --- Judaisme --- Jusqu'a 70

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This book is published as a Festschrift on the occasion of the 70th birthday of professor Eduard Nielsen (Copenhagen). In accordance with the main themes of Eduard Nielsen's scholarly works the articles concentrate on the history of early Israel, id est Israel before the classical prophets in the 8th century B.C., and on literary traditions referring to this phase of Israelite history. The articles are concerned with topics in the Books of the Pentateuch, with the epoch of King David, as well as with archaeology, Canaanite traditions et cetera Eduard Nielsen's bibliography is included at the end of the book.

Jews --- Juifs --- History --- Histoire --- Nielsen, Eduard --- Bible --- Bible. --- History of Biblical events --- History of contemporary events --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Middle East --- Moyen-Orient --- Civilization --- Civilisation --- 221 <082> --- -Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Bijbel: Oud Testament--Feestbundels. Festschriften --- -Middle East --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- Orient --- -221 <082> --- -Bijbel: Oud Testament--Feestbundels. Festschriften --- -Jews --- History of Biblical events. --- History of contemporary events. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Jews - History - To 70 A.D. --- Middle East - Civilization - To 622

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Over a hundred years ago, Wellhausen's revolutionary aim in his 'Prolegomena' was to prove that the Priestly legal sections of the Pentateuch reflect postexilic Judaism and must be considered a deviation from the prophetic religion which preceded it. The present study points out the biased assumptions underlying Wellhausen's theory and the fallacies in this thesis. A strong case is made for the antiquity of the Priestly Code and its antedating the Book of Deuteronomy in light of many parallels between the Priestly Law and ritual texts from the Ancient Near East, and an examination of the mythic outlook in P which distinguishes it from both Deuteronomy and Second Isaiah.

Jews --- Judaism --- P document (Biblical criticism) --- History --- Wellhausen, Julius, --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- 221.08*2 --- 296*52 --- 296*52 Joodse ethiek: Halacha; Minhag (gewoonten); Tora --- Joodse ethiek: Halacha; Minhag (gewoonten); Tora --- 221.08*2 Theologie van het Oude Testament: moraal; ethica; juridica Israelis; vroomheid --- Theologie van het Oude Testament: moraal; ethica; juridica Israelis; vroomheid --- Priestly document (Biblical criticism) --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Jews - History - To 70 A.D. --- Judaism - History - To 70 A.D. --- Wellhausen, Julius, - 1844-1918. - Prolegomena zur Geschichte Israels.

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Jews --- Josephus, Flavius --- History --- Historiography --- Criticism, Textual --- 296*334 --- -Josephus, Flavius --- -Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Flavius Josephus:--studies --- -Historiography --- -Flavius Josephus:--studies --- 296*334 Flavius Josephus:--studies --- Josephus Historicus --- Flavius Josephus --- Flavius Iosephus --- Iosephus, Flavius --- Iosephus Historicus --- Hebrews --- History&delete& --- Josephus, Flavius. --- Josephus Flavius. --- Flavius, Josephus --- Josephus Flavius --- Flavius Josèphe --- Josèphe, Flavius --- Flawiusz Józef --- Józef, Flawiusz --- Iosif, Flaviĭ --- Flaviĭ Iosif --- Joseph ben Mattathias --- Giuseppe, Flavio --- Flavio Giuseppe --- Yosef ben Matityahu --- Matityahu, Yosef ben --- Mattathias, Joseph ben --- Yosefus Flavyus --- Flavyus, Yosefus --- Yosefus --- José, Flavio --- Flavio José --- Ioseb, Pʻlaviosi --- Pʻlaviosi, Ioseb --- Iosephus, --- Josephus, --- Yozifus Flaṿyus --- Flavios, Iōsēpos --- Īosef --- Josefo, Flavio --- Josefo, Tito Flavio --- יוזיפוס, פלאװיוס --- יוסיפוס, פלאביוס --- יוסיפוס, פלאוויוס --- יוסיפוס, פלאװיוס --- יוסיפוס, פלביוס --- יוסיפוס, פלויוס --- יוסף בן מתתיהו --- יוסף בן מתתיהו (פלויוס) --- יוסף בן מתתיהו, --- יוספוס פלויוס --- יוספוס, פלאביוס --- יוספוס, פלאוויוס --- יוספוס, פלביוס --- פלאוויוס, יוזיפוס --- פלאוויוס, יוסיפוס --- פלאוויוס, יוספוס --- פלביוס, יוסיפוס --- פלביוס, יוספוס --- פלויוס, יוסיפוס --- يوسيفوس اليهودي --- Ἰώσηπος, Φλ. --- Iōsēpos, Phl. --- Ἰώσηπος, Φλαύιος --- Iōsēpos, Phlauios --- Ἰώσηπος, Φλαούϊος --- Iōsēpos, Phlaouios --- Historiography. --- Criticism, Textual. --- To 70 --- Jews - History - To 70 A.D. - Historiography --- Josephus, Flavius - Criticism, Textual --- Flavio Jos --- Iosif, Flavi