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This book discusses the latest findings on the pathogenesis and treatment of IgA nephropathy. It particularly focuses on recently recognized initiation and progression factors and the varying treatment strategies in different regions, such as Asia, Europe, and the United States. More than 40 years have passed since Dr. Jean Berger first described primary IgA nephropathy (“Nephropathy with mesangial IgA-IgG deposits”) as a new disease entity. Immunohistopathologically, IgA nephropathy is characterized by the granular deposition of IgA (IgA1) and C3 in the glomerular mesangial areas with mesangial cell proliferation and the expansion of mesangial matrices. It is clear that IgA nephropathy is one of the most common types of chronic glomerulonephritis in the world. This disease may lead to end-stage kidney disease, with its enormous economic impact on healthcare everywhere. Efforts by many investigators around the world have gradually clarified various aspects of the pathogenesis and treatment of IgA nephropathy. However, there are many controversial strategies for the treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy throughout the world, as there are several limitations for treatment in each country. This volume provides nephrologists everywhere with an overview and comparison of both global and regional findings in basic and clinical fields in IgA nephropathy. It covers genetic variation, aberrant IgA1 production, and classification etiology, guidelines, and treatment goals, with all chapters written by top international researchers.

Urology. --- Urology & Nephrology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- IgA glomerulonephritis --- Treatment. --- Berger's disease --- IgA nephropathy --- Nephropathy, IgA --- Glomerulonephritis --- Immunoglobulin A --- Nephrology. --- Genitourinary organs --- Internal medicine --- Kidneys --- Diseases

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Antibodies of the IgA class form the front line of immune defense at mucosal surfaces lining the gastrointestinal, respiratory and genital tracts. These IgA antibodies promote peaceful co-existence with beneficial microorganisms, such as gut bacteria that assist in digestion and nutrient production, while selectively neutralizing pathogenic microorganisms and harmful environmental substances. This book, authored by international experts in the field of IgA immunology, presents a comprehensive and timely overview of current knowledge of IgA structure and function. Topics include the basic science of IgA biochemistry and molecular biology, general and tissue-specific aspects of IgA function, and the clinical relevance of IgA in infection, autoimmunity, immunodeficiency and cancer. The final chapters describe state-of-the art applications of molecular genetics for the production of vaccines and therapeutics targeting IgA. The unique focus on IgA, the most abundant molecule in the mucosal immune system, differentiates this book from more general texts in the area of mucosal immunology. This book should be useful for researchers, educators, clinicians and students interested in a concise source of up-to-date information on the central role of IgA in mucosal immune defense.

Immunoglobulin A. --- Immunoglobulinen. --- IgA --- Immunoglobulins --- IgA glomerulonephritis --- Immunology. --- Microbiology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Medical virology. --- Toxicology. --- Allergy. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Virology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Allergology. --- Allergic diseases --- Allergies --- Hypersensitivity --- Hypersensitivity, Immediate --- Immediate allergy --- Immediate hypersensitivity --- Immunologic diseases --- Immunoglobulin E --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Toxicology --- Infectious diseases. --- Pharmacology. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Microbiology --- Physiological effect

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Wild animals under human care as well as domesticated farm production animals are often exposed to environmental changes (e.g., capture and transportation). Short-term or acute changes in physiological indices (e.g., heart rate, respiration, body temperatures, immune cells, and stress hormonal biomarkers) provide crucial information regarding the responses of animals to novel environments, and they could provide crucial determining factors for the long-term health and welfare of animals. This Special Issue includes experimental research papers that demonstrate the applications of physiological indices and welfare assessment methods (e.g., morphological and morphometric data, behavioural assessments, thermal profiles, and physiological markers) in any wildlife or production animal (e.g., rescued and rehabilitating animals, pets, competition animals, farm animals, and zoo animals), in response to environmental and management related factors. The goal is to provide examples of new research and techniques that can be used to monitor short- and long-term environmental adaptation of animals under human care.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Zoology & animal sciences --- non-invasive --- bioindicator --- pollution --- stress --- welfare --- constructed wetland --- glucocorticoid --- urban river --- reindeer --- glucocorticoids --- validation --- rodents --- ecological immunology --- natural antibodies --- haptoglobin --- neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio --- immune strategy --- vector-borne pathogens --- parasitology --- zoonosis --- thermal imaging --- koalas --- body temperature --- heat/cold stress --- thermoregulation --- substrate --- Zoo --- protocol --- veterinary assessment --- Punjab urial --- body condition --- behavior --- Pakistan --- red deer --- hind --- reproduction --- progesterone --- cortisol --- hair --- Asian elephant --- saliva --- immunoglobulin A --- circadian rhythm --- Panthera tigris tigris --- Panthera tigris altaica --- siberian --- tigers --- bengal tigers --- captive --- biochemical parameter --- serum protein electrophoresis --- Cervus elaphus --- plasma --- feces --- hunting --- zoo --- faecal analysis --- glucocorticoid metabolites --- enzyme immunoassay --- roe deer --- blood parameters --- prognostic factors --- blood lactate concentration --- biomarkers --- captivity-induced stress --- fecal glucocorticoid metabolites --- physiological stress in rodents --- oxytocin --- boar --- ejaculation --- wildlife --- environmental stress --- urbanisation --- birds