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The controversy surrounding the publication of Richard Crossman's Cabinet Diaries (1975) brought to the fore opposing concepts of 'open' and 'closed' government within Britain's free society. While a balance has for the moment been struck concerning the secrecy of Cabinet proceedings, a historical question remains: by what process, and with what results, has official secrecy come to envelop the practices of modern Cabinet government? This book tackles that key question, drawing upon a uniquely wide range of official and private papers to examine the historical development of the Cabinet Office, the custodian of Cabinet secrecy. Established by Lloyd George in the administrative chaos of 1916, the Cabinet Secretariat - as it was first known - emerged as the central agency for the management of Cabinet business, working closely with the Prime Minister himself. In Sir Maurice Hankey's twenty-two-year term as Cabinet secretary, he presided over the institutionalisation of the Secretariat as an office free from partisan taint and he personally served all Britain's inter-war Prime Ministers as confidant and influential advisor.

Official secrets --- Statesmen --- Disclosing official secrets --- Government secrecy --- Secrecy in government --- Secrets, Official --- Secrets of state --- Confidential communications --- Criminal law --- Government and the press --- Government information --- Ministerial responsibility --- Secrecy --- History --- Hankey, Maurice Pascal Alers Hankey, --- Great Britain. --- History. --- Great Britain --- Politics and government --- Arts and Humanities

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This title tackles an enduring question of particular current importance: How do democratic governments balance the need for foreign policy secrecy with accountability to the public? This book presents the first evidence that national security oversight institutions, while imperfect, both constrain the executive from abuse and convince members of the public to be less sceptical of investments in security. Democratic foreign policy effectiveness depends not only on executive discretion to keep national security secrets, but also on effective retrospective oversight from outside the executive.

Official secrets --- Government information --- Security classification (Government documents) --- Democracy --- National security --- Internal security --- Government accountability --- Government - General --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political Institutions & Public Administration - General --- Accountability in government --- Public administration --- Responsibility --- Security, Internal --- Insurgency --- Subversive activities --- National security policy --- NSP (National security policy) --- Security policy, National --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Military policy --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Classified documents --- Classified information --- Government secrecy --- Secrecy in government --- Defense information, Classified --- Government publications --- Information, Government --- Freedom of information --- Public records --- Disclosing official secrets --- Secrets, Official --- Secrets of state --- Confidential communications --- Criminal law --- Government and the press --- Ministerial responsibility --- Secrecy --- Government policy

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Nearly forty years ago the US Congress passed the landmark Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) giving the public the right to government documents. This 'right to know' has been used over the past decades to challenge overreaching Presidents and secretive government agencies. The example of transparency in government has served as an example to nations around the world spawning similar statutes in fifty-nine countries. This 2006 book examines the evolution of the move toward openness in government. It looks at how technology has aided the disclosure and dissemination of information. The author tackles the question of whether the drive for transparency has stemmed the desire for government secrecy and discusses how many governments ignore or frustrate the legal requirements for the release of key documents. Blacked Out is an important contribution during a time where profound changes in the structure of government are changing access to government documents.

Official secrets. --- Freedom of information. --- Transparency in government. --- Government information. --- Information, Government --- Freedom of information --- Public records --- Government in the sunshine --- Open government (Transparency in government) --- Openness in government --- Sunshine, Government in the --- Transparence in government --- Public administration --- Disclosing official secrets --- Government secrecy --- Secrecy in government --- Secrets, Official --- Secrets of state --- Confidential communications --- Criminal law --- Government and the press --- Government information --- Ministerial responsibility --- Secrecy --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation --- Official secrets --- Transparency in government --- #SBIB:35H501 --- #SBIB:35H510 --- Bestuur en samenleving: netwerken, inspraak, participatie, interactief beleid --- Openbaarheid van bestuur, ombudsdienst, . --- Human rights --- Openbaarheid van bestuur, ombudsdienst, --- Law --- General and Others --- Transparency (Ethics) in government.

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