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The classical uniformization theorem for Riemann surfaces and its recent extensions can be viewed as introducing special pseudogroup structures, affine or projective structures, on Riemann surfaces. In fact, the additional structures involved can be considered as local forms of the uniformizations of Riemann surfaces. In this study, Robert Gunning discusses the corresponding pseudogroup structures on higher-dimensional complex manifolds, modeled on the theory as developed for Riemann surfaces.Originally published in 1978.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Analytical spaces --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Complex manifolds --- Connections (Mathematics) --- Pseudogroups --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Calculus --- Global analysis (Mathematics) --- Lie groups --- Geometry, Differential --- Analytic spaces --- Manifolds (Mathematics) --- Adjunction formula. --- Affine connection. --- Affine transformation. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algebraic torus. --- Algebraic variety. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Automorphic function. --- Automorphism. --- Bilinear form. --- Canonical bundle. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Cohomology. --- Compact Riemann surface. --- Complex Lie group. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex dimension. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Complex torus. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Contraction mapping. --- Covariant derivative. --- Differentiable function. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential equation. --- Differential form. --- Differential geometry. --- Differential operator. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Elliptic operator. --- Elliptic surface. --- Enriques surface. --- Equation. --- Existential quantification. --- Explicit formula. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Exterior derivative. --- Fiber bundle. --- General linear group. --- Geometric genus. --- Group homomorphism. --- Hausdorff space. --- Holomorphic function. --- Homomorphism. --- Identity matrix. --- Invariant subspace. --- Invertible matrix. --- Irreducible representation. --- Jacobian matrix and determinant. --- K3 surface. --- Kähler manifold. --- Lie algebra representation. --- Lie algebra. --- Line bundle. --- Linear equation. --- Linear map. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Linear subspace. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Mathematical induction. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Partial differential equation. --- Permutation. --- Polynomial. --- Principal bundle. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Projective connection. --- Projective line. --- Pseudogroup. --- Quadratic transformation. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Representation theory. --- Riemann surface. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Schwarzian derivative. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Special case. --- Subalgebra. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Symmetric tensor. --- Symmetrization. --- Tangent bundle. --- Tangent space. --- Tensor field. --- Tensor product. --- Tensor. --- Theorem. --- Topological manifold. --- Uniformization theorem. --- Uniformization. --- Unit (ring theory). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector space. --- Fonctions de plusieurs variables complexes --- Variétés complexes

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We use addition on a daily basis-yet how many of us stop to truly consider the enormous and remarkable ramifications of this mathematical activity? Summing It Up uses addition as a springboard to present a fascinating and accessible look at numbers and number theory, and how we apply beautiful numerical properties to answer math problems. Mathematicians Avner Ash and Robert Gross explore addition's most basic characteristics as well as the addition of squares and other powers before moving onward to infinite series, modular forms, and issues at the forefront of current mathematical research.Ash and Gross tailor their succinct and engaging investigations for math enthusiasts of all backgrounds. Employing college algebra, the first part of the book examines such questions as, can all positive numbers be written as a sum of four perfect squares? The second section of the book incorporates calculus and examines infinite series-long sums that can only be defined by the concept of limit, as in the example of 1+1/2+1/4+. . .=? With the help of some group theory and geometry, the third section ties together the first two parts of the book through a discussion of modular forms-the analytic functions on the upper half-plane of the complex numbers that have growth and transformation properties. Ash and Gross show how modular forms are indispensable in modern number theory, for example in the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.Appropriate for numbers novices as well as college math majors, Summing It Up delves into mathematics that will enlighten anyone fascinated by numbers.

Number theory. --- Mathematics --- Number study --- Numbers, Theory of --- Algebra --- Absolute value. --- Addition. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Automorphic form. --- Axiom. --- Bernoulli number. --- Big O notation. --- Binomial coefficient. --- Binomial theorem. --- Book. --- Calculation. --- Chain rule. --- Coefficient. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Computation. --- Congruence subgroup. --- Conjecture. --- Constant function. --- Constant term. --- Convergent series. --- Coprime integers. --- Counting. --- Cusp form. --- Determinant. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dirichlet series. --- Division by zero. --- Divisor. --- Elementary proof. --- Elliptic curve. --- Equation. --- Euclidean geometry. --- Existential quantification. --- Exponential function. --- Factorization. --- Fourier series. --- Function composition. --- Fundamental domain. --- Gaussian integer. --- Generating function. --- Geometric series. --- Geometry. --- Group theory. --- Hecke operator. --- Hexagonal number. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Integer factorization. --- Integer. --- Line segment. --- Linear combination. --- Logarithm. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematician. --- Mathematics. --- Matrix group. --- Modular form. --- Modular group. --- Natural number. --- Non-Euclidean geometry. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Pentagonal number. --- Periodic function. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Prime factor. --- Prime number theorem. --- Prime number. --- Pythagorean theorem. --- Quadratic residue. --- Quantity. --- Radius of convergence. --- Rational number. --- Real number. --- Remainder. --- Riemann surface. --- Root of unity. --- Scientific notation. --- Semicircle. --- Series (mathematics). --- Sign (mathematics). --- Square number. --- Square root. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Sum of squares. --- Summation. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Transfinite number. --- Triangular number. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Unique factorization domain. --- Upper half-plane. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector space.

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This lavishly illustrated book provides a hands-on, step-by-step introduction to the intriguing mathematics of symmetry. Instead of breaking up patterns into blocks-a sort of potato-stamp method-Frank Farris offers a completely new waveform approach that enables you to create an endless variety of rosettes, friezes, and wallpaper patterns: dazzling art images where the beauty of nature meets the precision of mathematics.Featuring more than 100 stunning color illustrations and requiring only a modest background in math, Creating Symmetry begins by addressing the enigma of a simple curve, whose curious symmetry seems unexplained by its formula. Farris describes how complex numbers unlock the mystery, and how they lead to the next steps on an engaging path to constructing waveforms. He explains how to devise waveforms for each of the 17 possible wallpaper types, and then guides you through a host of other fascinating topics in symmetry, such as color-reversing patterns, three-color patterns, polyhedral symmetry, and hyperbolic symmetry. Along the way, Farris demonstrates how to marry waveforms with photographic images to construct beautiful symmetry patterns as he gradually familiarizes you with more advanced mathematics, including group theory, functional analysis, and partial differential equations. As you progress through the book, you'll learn how to create breathtaking art images of your own.Fun, accessible, and challenging, Creating Symmetry features numerous examples and exercises throughout, as well as engaging discussions of the history behind the mathematics presented in the book.

Symmetry (Mathematics) --- Symmetry (Art) --- Abstract algebra. --- Addition. --- Algorithm. --- Antisymmetry. --- Arc length. --- Boundary value problem. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Circular motion. --- Circumference. --- Coefficient. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Computation. --- Coordinate system. --- Coset. --- Cyclic group. --- Derivative. --- Diagonal. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dihedral group. --- Division by zero. --- Domain coloring. --- Dot product. --- Eigenfunction. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Eisenstein integer. --- Epicycloid. --- Equation. --- Euler's formula. --- Even and odd functions. --- Exponential function. --- Fourier series. --- Frieze group. --- Function (mathematics). --- Function composition. --- Function space. --- Gaussian integer. --- Geometry. --- Glide reflection. --- Group (mathematics). --- Group theory. --- Homomorphism. --- Horocycle. --- Hyperbolic geometry. --- Ideal point. --- Integer. --- Lattice (group). --- Linear interpolation. --- Local symmetry. --- M. C. Escher. --- Main diagonal. --- Mathematical proof. --- Mathematical structure. --- Mathematics. --- Mirror symmetry (string theory). --- Mirror symmetry. --- Morphing. --- Natural number. --- Normal subgroup. --- Notation. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Parallelogram. --- Parametric equation. --- Parametrization. --- Periodic function. --- Plane symmetry. --- Plane wave. --- Point group. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pythagorean triple. --- Quantity. --- Quotient group. --- Real number. --- Reciprocal lattice. --- Rectangle. --- Reflection symmetry. --- Right angle. --- Ring of integers. --- Rotational symmetry. --- Scientific notation. --- Special case. --- Square lattice. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Symmetry group. --- Symmetry. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Translational symmetry. --- Trigonometric functions. --- Unique factorization domain. --- Unit circle. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector space. --- Wallpaper group. --- Wave packet.

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This book represents the first asymptotic analysis, via completely integrable techniques, of the initial value problem for the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the semiclassical asymptotic regime. This problem is a key model in nonlinear optical physics and has increasingly important applications in the telecommunications industry. The authors exploit complete integrability to establish pointwise asymptotics for this problem's solution in the semiclassical regime and explicit integration for the underlying nonlinear, elliptic, partial differential equations suspected of governing the semiclassical behavior. In doing so they also aim to explain the observed gradient catastrophe for the underlying nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations, and to set forth a detailed, pointwise asymptotic description of the violent oscillations that emerge following the gradient catastrophe. To achieve this, the authors have extended the reach of two powerful analytical techniques that have arisen through the asymptotic analysis of integrable systems: the Lax-Levermore-Venakides variational approach to singular limits in integrable systems, and Deift and Zhou's nonlinear Steepest-Descent/Stationary Phase method for the analysis of Riemann-Hilbert problems. In particular, they introduce a systematic procedure for handling certain Riemann-Hilbert problems with poles accumulating on curves in the plane. This book, which includes an appendix on the use of the Fredholm theory for Riemann-Hilbert problems in the Hölder class, is intended for researchers and graduate students of applied mathematics and analysis, especially those with an interest in integrable systems, nonlinear waves, or complex analysis.

Schrodinger equation. --- Wave mechanics. --- Equation, Schrödinger --- Schrödinger wave equation --- Electrodynamics --- Matrix mechanics --- Mechanics --- Molecular dynamics --- Quantum statistics --- Quantum theory --- Waves --- Differential equations, Partial --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Wave mechanics --- WKB approximation --- Schrödinger equation. --- Schrödinger, Équation de. --- Solitons. --- Abelian integral. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Ansatz. --- Approximation. --- Asymptote. --- Asymptotic analysis. --- Asymptotic distribution. --- Asymptotic expansion. --- Banach algebra. --- Basis (linear algebra). --- Boundary (topology). --- Boundary value problem. --- Bounded operator. --- Calculation. --- Cauchy's integral formula. --- Cauchy's integral theorem. --- Cauchy's theorem (geometry). --- Cauchy–Riemann equations. --- Change of variables. --- Coefficient. --- Complex plane. --- Cramer's rule. --- Degeneracy (mathematics). --- Derivative. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Differentiable function. --- Differential equation. --- Differential operator. --- Dirac equation. --- Disjoint union. --- Divisor. --- Eigenfunction. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic integral. --- Energy minimization. --- Equation. --- Euler's formula. --- Euler–Lagrange equation. --- Existential quantification. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Fourier transform. --- Fredholm theory. --- Function (mathematics). --- Gauge theory. --- Heteroclinic orbit. --- Hilbert transform. --- Identity matrix. --- Implicit function theorem. --- Implicit function. --- Infimum and supremum. --- Initial value problem. --- Integrable system. --- Integral curve. --- Integral equation. --- Inverse problem. --- Jacobian matrix and determinant. --- Kerr effect. --- Laurent series. --- Limit point. --- Line (geometry). --- Linear equation. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Logarithmic derivative. --- Lp space. --- Minor (linear algebra). --- Monotonic function. --- Neumann series. --- Normalization property (abstract rewriting). --- Numerical integration. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Orthogonal polynomials. --- Parameter. --- Parametrix. --- Paraxial approximation. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partial derivative. --- Partial differential equation. --- Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics). --- Perturbation theory. --- Pole (complex analysis). --- Polynomial. --- Probability measure. --- Quadratic differential. --- Quadratic programming. --- Radon–Nikodym theorem. --- Reflection coefficient. --- Riemann surface. --- Simultaneous equations. --- Sobolev space. --- Soliton. --- Special case. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Trace (linear algebra). --- Upper half-plane. --- Variational method (quantum mechanics). --- Variational principle. --- WKB approximation. --- Schrödinger, Équation de.