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Thermal analysis methods have been introduced into forensic sciences only in recent times. Though thermoanalytical instruments have been available commercially for some decades it was not until the beginning of the seventies that forensic scientists became interested in them. At that time some state forensic science laboratories in the Federal Republic of Germany made use of differential thermal analysis for forensic soil investigations. The forensic science section of the city police of ZUrich, Switzerland, applied an instrument (differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry) for various purposes. Investigations of fibers by means of differential scanning calorimetry were reported by the Centre of Forensic Sciences at Toronto, Canada, and on the characterization of candle-waxes by differential thermal analysis by the Metropolitan Police Forensic Science Laboratory, London, England. Later on some other insti­ tutions like the Bundeskriminalamt at Wiesbaden, Germany, or the Home Office Central Research Establishment at Aldermaston, England, purchased instruments for one or more of the following thermal analysis methods: differential thermal analysis or differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and thermomechanical analysis. . But even now thermoanalytical instruments are not widespread in forensic science institutes and knowledge of their forensic potential seems to be limited. In the following chapters we will give a survey of the most important thermal analysis methods mentioned above, and on current forensic applications and/or fields of actual research efforts.

Chemistry, Forensic. --- Forensic sciences. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Chimie légale. --- Criminalistique. --- Biochimie analytique

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The range at which a weapon has been fired is an important measurement for the reconstruction of firearms offenses (murder, suicide, accident). All changes caused by a shot and which vary according to the distance from the weapon are suitable in principle for determining this distance. However, some procedures are very elegant in theory but hardly applicable in practice. The constructions of ammunition and the sequence of events during a shot are dealt with first as this knowledge forms a basis for understanding the various methods. The individual zones (classes) of firing distances (contact shot, intermediate shot, distance shot) are described. In this connection, the morphological methods for determining the firing distance are discussed. From the shape and size of the powder residue distribution (soot stains, powder tattooing) and with the knowledge of the weapon and ammunition, the distance from the target can be elucidated. In this chapter, the methods of making an invisible distribution visible are also dealt with. In order to determine the range of the shot from the appearance of the wound no complicated apparatus is necessary. One can judge with the naked eye. These procedures have a great advantage over the methods discussed in the following chapter in that they give stronger proof. They are more vivid and convincing for the uninitiated (judge or jury) than abstract measurements obtained by scientific devices.

Chemistry, Forensic. --- Forensic entomology. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Forensic sciences --- Chimie légale --- Entomologie légale --- Biochimie analytique --- Criminalistique --- Laboratories. --- Laboratoires

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Methamphetamine is one of the most widely abused stimulants and together with amphetamine has led to serious social problems. Numerous papers in the fields of medicine, toxicology, pharmacology, sociology, etc. have appeared. In Japan for example about 20,000 to 22,000 persons have been arrested in recent years on suspicion of abuse, smuggling or illegal manufacture of drugs. In other countries, stimulant drugs also present social problems and efforts have been directed toward prevention. Although marked development of analytical techniques in the field of forensic sciences has been achieved, there is a need for a continuous review of recent advances. A review of studies on methamphetamine has therefore been made from the standpoint of forensic toxicology and legal medicine. Attention has been directed to biological samples because analyses and interpretation for the purpose of t.oxicological and As a detailed survey on abuse drugs involving clinical practice are important. 1 methamphetamine and amphetamine has been made by Fishbein and covered the time before 1980, we refer only to data and events appearing after 1980.

Chemistry, Forensic. --- Forensic sciences. --- Forensic toxicology. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Chimie légale --- Criminalistique. --- Toxicologie légale --- Biochimie analytique. --- Chimie légale --- Toxicologie légale

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'Analytical Techniques in Biosciences : From Basics to Applications" presents comprehensive and up-to-date information on the various analytical techniques obtainable in bioscience research laboratories across the world. This book contains chapters that discuss the basic bioanalytical protocols and sample preparation guidelines. Commonly encountered analytical techniques, their working principles, and applications were presented. Techniques, considered in this book, include centrifugation techniques, electrophoretic techniques, chromatography, titrimetry, spectrometry, and hyphenated techniques. Subsequent chapters emphasize molecular weight determination and electroanalytical techniques, biosensors, and enzyme assay protocols. Other chapters detail microbial techniques, statistical methods, computational modeling, and immunology and immunochemistry.The book draws from experts from key institutions around the globe, who have simplified the chapters in a way that will be useful to early-stage researchers as well as advanced scientists. It is also carefully structured and integrated sequentially to aid flow, consistency, and continuity. This is a must-have reference for graduate students and researchers in the field of biosciences.

Life sciences --- Analytical biochemistry --- Analytical chemistry. --- Biochemistry --- Sciences de la vie. --- Biochimie analytique --- Biochimie --- Chimie analytique. --- Research --- Methodology. --- Technique. --- Technique --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Analytic biochemistry --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry

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Tian Lu's dissertation describes major advances in ultrathin-layer chromatography (UTLC), liquid chromatography and surface-assisted laser desorption ionization (SALDI), and matrix-enhanced SALDI (ME-SALDI) mass spectrometry. Lu describes the fabrication of electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) UTLC plates using an in-situ crosslinking electrospinning technique. The author improved the efficiency of PVA plates greatly compared to the efficiency of silica HPTLC plates.  Also highlighted in this thesis is an edge-plane based ordered-carbon surface that provides unique selectivity in liquid chromatography. Further developments include polar analytes, such as amino acids, nucleotides and nucleosides which can be well-retained and separated in the edge-plane ordered-carbon stationary phase. Also, the author studied and detected mass spectra of organic polymers as high as 900,000 Da, the highest molecular weight that has been studied by SALDI to date using the carbon nanofibrous substrate. This thesis has led to a number of publications in high-impact journals.

Chemistry. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Nanotechnology. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Polymers. --- Chimie --- Biochimie analytique --- Polymères --- Nanotechnologie --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Analytical Chemistry --- Liquid chromatography. --- Nanofibers. --- Liquid-liquid partition chromatography --- Analytical chemistry. --- Chromatographic analysis --- Fibers --- Nanostructured materials --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Polymers  . --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis