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Art, Ancient.

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Gandhran art is often regarded as the epitome of cultural exchange in antiquity. The ancient region of Gandhra, centred on what is now the northern tip of Pakistan, has been called the 'crossroads of Asia'. The Buddhist art produced in and around this area in the first few centuries AD exhibits extraordinary connections with other traditions across Asia and as far as the Mediterranean. Since the nineteenth century, the Graeco-Roman associations of Gandhran art have attracted particular attention. Classically educated soldiers and administrators of that era were astonished by the uncanny resemblance of many works of Gandhran sculpture to Greek and Roman art made thousands of miles to the west. More than a century later we can recognize that the Gandhran artists' appropriation of classical iconography and styles was diverse and extensive, but the explanation of this 'influence' remains puzzling and elusive. The Gandhra Connections project at the University of Oxford's Classical Art Research Centre was initiated principally to cast new light on this old problem.This volume is the third set of proceedings of the project's annual workshop, and the first to address directly the question of cross-cultural influence on and by Gandhran art. The contributors wrestle with old controversies, particularly the notion that Gandhran art is a legacy of Hellenistic Greek rule in Central Asia and the growing consensus around the important role of the Roman Empire in shaping it. But they also seek to present a more complex and expansive view of the networks in which Gandhra was embedded. Adopting a global perspective on the subject, they examine aspects of Gandhra's connections both within and beyond South Asia and Central Asia, including the profound influence which Gandhran art itself had on the development of Buddhist art in China and India.

Art --- Art, Ancient --- ART, ANCIENT --- ART --- Art, ancient

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Antiquities. --- Art, Ancient

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Avant Winckelmann (1717-1768), étudier l'art signifiait soit écrire la biographie d'un artiste, soit s'intéresser au sujet des œuvres dans une perspective historique ou littéraire. À partir de Winckelmann, et en particulier de l'Histoire de l'art dans l'Antiquité, parler d'art veut dire partir des œuvres dans leur matérialité et définir des styles, selon une séquence chronologique intimement liée à l'histoire des civilisations. La leçon ne vaudra pas que pour l'art antique, mais pour toutes les périodes. Ce livre, publié pour la première fois à Dresde en 1764, opéra une révolution dont nous sommes encore aujourd'hui les héritiers. Par la façon qu'il eut de pénétrer l'esprit des Anciens, notamment des Grecs, il bouleversa la conception des arts en général, poésie et littérature comprises. Goethe fut un des premiers à en prendre conscience et à reconnaître sa dette à l'égard des théories de Winckelmann. Le néo-classicisme de la fin du XVIIIe siècle et du début du XIXe est issu, pour une bonne part, des idées de Winckelmann sur l'art antique. Ce texte fondateur de l'histoire de l'art est donné ici dans une traduction nouvelle. Le volume est illustré avec la plupart des œuvres que Winckelmann commente en détail.

Art, Ancient --- Art, Greek --- History --- History. --- Art, Ancient - History

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Art, Ancient --- Art antique --- Art, Ancient. --- Kunst. --- Klassieke oudheid.