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The vast majority of books on Buddhism describe the Buddha using the word enlightened, rather than awakened. This bias has resulted in Buddhism becoming generally perceived as the eponymous religion of enlightenment. Beyond Enlightenment is a sophisticated study of some of the underlying assumptions involved in the study of Buddhism (especially, but not exclusively, in the West). It investigates the tendency of most scholars to ground their study of Buddhism in these particular assumptions about the Buddha's enlightenment and a particular understanding of religion, which is traced back through Western orientalists to the Enlightenment and the Protestant Reformation. Placing a distinct emphasis on Indian Buddhism, Richard Cohen adeptly creates a work that will appeal to those with an interest in Buddhism and India and also scholars of religion and history.
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This is the first of two volumes examining some "original features" of late medieval Italy compared to the European reality of the time (the second volume of this collection is curated by Federica Cengarle). On this subject, two conferences have been held, whose proceedings have been published. The first conference, held in October 2000, tried to offer an account, in an introductory section, of the long-term environmental frameworks within which the path of Italian society is inscribed: the rural landscape and the framework of urban settlements, without forgetting, in one and in the another case, the legacy of the Roman world. The second conference, on the other hand - held in the autumn of 2002 - aimed to consider aspects of the history of culture and political ideologies, mentality, religious life, but also the history of techniques.
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"During the years when I lectured on psychology at University College, London, and at the Claremont College of Graduate Studies, I took particular pleasure in my courses in the Comparative and Psychological Study of Religions, because in my own youth there had been conflicts in this field. I had now a legitimate reason for gathering data bearing on this subject, for interviewing religious personages, and even for making extensive journeys in order to experience at first hand the "feel" of religions other than the forms of Christianity in which I chanced to have been raised. At this time my acquaintance with cults outside the Christian sects amounted only to such contacts as may befall a traveler in India, Ceylon, and China, plus initiation into some mystical cults in London and Paris. My trips motivated by the deliberate intention of investigating religious phenomena and experiencing religious influences at first hand may be said to have begun in 1947. In that and subsequent years they included Iran, Iraq, India, Ceylon, Japan, Burma, Nepal, and Thailand. In my study of religious personages and religious communities, my primary purpose was to equip myself better to teach my university classes. My second was to see whether there existed anywhere any metaphysical system to which a scientifically cautious but open-minded thinker could give adherence without substantial reservations. My third was to assess the claims made by certain schools to possess valid techniques more effective than we have in the west for improving one's mental, volitional, and emotional capabilities. My procedure was to discuss with authorities and pundits the evidence on which they based their beliefs, to experiment with methods which they claimed to be conducive to enlightenment, and to submit myself to such disciplines as they imposed, including exercises maintaining uncomfortable postures, abstinence from food or sleep, and full participation in the monkish life with residence in ashram or monastery"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
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Children --- Religious life. --- Religious life
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This Element provides a comprehensive yet concise account of scientific research on children's religious and spiritual (RS) development. After providing a historical sketch of definitional issues in the science of RS, the first section reviews basic descriptive information on children's RS development as well as wholistic theoretical models and measures of children's RS development. The second section covers evidence about links of child and parental RS to children's psychosocial adjustment, and highlights the need for more research that discriminates specific positive and negative manifestations of RS for children's development. The third section summarizes evidence about the robust influence of parents on their children's RS development and parents' perceptions of their role in this process. The fourth section focuses on cognitive-developmental research on children's cognitions about God/deities and prayer. The Element concludes with a synopsis of key themes and challenges that researchers face to advance the science of children's RS development.
Children --- Religious life. --- Religious life
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Children --- Children --- Religious life --- Religious life.
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"Jews and Gender features sixteen authors exploring the history and culture of the intersection of Judaism and gender from the biblical world to today. Topics include subversive readings of biblical texts; reappraisal of rabbinic theory and practice; women in mysticism, Chasidism, and Yiddish literature; and women in contemporary culture and politics. Accessible and comprehensive, this volume will appeal to the general reader in addition to engaging with contemporary academic scholarship"-- Provided by publisher.
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What is happiness? Does life have a meaning? If so, is that meaning available in an ordinary life? The philosopher Zena Hitz confronted these questions head-on when she spent several years living in a Christian religious community. Religious life -- the communal life chosen by monks, nuns, friars, and hermits -- has been a part of global Christianity since earliest times, but many of us struggle to understand what could drive a person to renounce wealth, sex, children, and ambition to live a life of prayer and sacrifice. Hitz's lively and accessible book explores questions about faith, sacrifice, asceticism and happiness through philosophy, stories, and examples from religious life. Drawing on personal experience as well as film, literature, history, biography, and theology, it demystifies an important element of contemporary culture, and provides a picture of human flourishing and happiness which challenges and enriches modern-day life.
Religion --- Religious life. --- Philosophy.
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"The substance of the following chapters was delivered by the author in a course of sermons which followed a series of expository lectures on the Epistle to the Ephesians. The consecutive method of preaching, which he principally uses, is attended, he thinks, with this, among many other advantages, that it brings under the review of a minister, many subjects which would otherwise be overlooked; affords an opportunity for the introduction of some topics, which, from their peculiarity, seem to require such a way of access to the pulpit; and also furnishes an apology, for the discussion of others, which the fastidiousness of modern delicacy has almost excluded from the range of pastoral admonition. On entering upon the first branch of relative duties, the author was so much under the influence, perhaps improperly, of this excess of refinement, and felt so much the difficulty of making a public statement of the duties of husbands and wives, that he had determined at one time, to relieve himself from the embarrassment, by merely reading large extracts from Mr. Jay's beautiful sermon on this subject. After he had preached two discourses, and thus discharged, as well as he was able, this rather perplexing task, he received a numerously signed petition from many husbands and their wives, belonging to his congregation, requesting that they might be permitted to read in print, the statement of their mutual obligations, which they had heard delivered with so much fidelity and impartiality from the pulpit. Instead of being limited by this request, the Author has gone beyond it, and sent forth the whole series of relative duties; thus furnishing a manual of advice, in which all the members of the household may find something appropriate to the peculiarity of their circumstances. In the following pages, there will be found numerous and long extracts from an incomparably excellent work, by the Rev. Christopher Anderson, of Edinburgh, entitled "The Domestic Constitution." Of that volume, the Author feels that his own is not worthy, in any instance, to be the harbinger; but should he find that he has introduced any families to an acquaintance with a treatise, so well worthy of their most serious attention, he will be thankful for that measure of benefit, and rejoice that he has not labored in vain"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved).
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Face à la naissance du protestantisme au xvie siècle, l'Église catholique a développé deux stratégies : la lutte contre la Réforme ; la transformation du catholicisme. Une institution semble résumer ces deux politiques : la Compagnie de Jésus, qui mène des missions contre les protestants, participe à des controverses, créé des collèges pour former l'élite catholique ... Mais placer « protestants » et « jésuites » dans un affrontement systématique est un des a priori de l'historiographie qui a été mis en place dès le xvie siècle. Mais, bien qu'elle ait été régulièrement reprise et développée, cette opposition est en grande partie fausse, et d'abord parce que l'objectif premier de la Compagnie de Jésus n'est pas la lutte contre le protestantisme, mais la rénovation de l'Église grâce à une nouvelle spiritualité, une spiritualité d'ailleurs en partie commune à Luther et aux réformateurs protestants, ce que les historiens et les théologiens redécouvrent depuis quelques dizaines d'années.
Religion. --- Protestantism. --- Religious life.
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