Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The biological world is full of phenomena that seem to run counter to Darwin's insight that natural selection can lead to the appearance of design. For instance, why do organisms in some species divide reproductive labor? The existence of non-reproducing organisms in such 'eusocial' species looks to be at odds with an evolutionary theory which posits traits exist because they help organisms survive and reproduce. What is the evolutionary advantage of an insect being distasteful to its predators? The distastefulness appears designed to deter predators, but can only affect the predator's actions when the insect is eaten; it is hard to see how such a trait could be passed on. This Element will cover the shared foundations of evolutionary explanations for these and other seemingly puzzling phenomena, focusing on the concepts of inclusive fitness and kin selection.

Natural selection. --- Kin selection (Evolution) --- Behavior evolution.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Animal behavior --- Behavior evolution --- Animaux --- Evolution --- Congresses --- Moeurs et comportement --- Congrès

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Behavior evolution --- Evolution (Biology) --- Human behavior --- Human evolution --- Evolution du comportement --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Comportement humain --- Homme --- Evolution --- Human evolution. --- Human behavior. --- Behavior evolution. --- Gesellschaft --- Geschichte. --- Kultur. --- Kulturelle Entwicklung. --- Vor- und Frühgeschichte. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Vor- und Frühgeschichte (Epoche).

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Evolution. Phylogeny --- Human behavior. --- Human evolution. --- Behavior evolution. --- Comportement humain --- Homme --- Evolution du comportement --- Evolution --- #PBIB:2000.4 --- Comportement --- Phylogenèse --- Genetic psychology. --- Évolution du comportement. --- Psychologie génétique.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Since the late 1980s the dominant theory of human origins has been that a 'cognitive revolution' (C.50,000 years ago) led to the advent of our species, Homo sapiens. As a result of this revolution our species spread and eventually replaced all existing archaic Homo species, ultimately leading to the superiority of modern humans. Or so we thought. As Clive Finlayson explains, the latest advances in genetics prove that there was significant interbreeding between Modern Humans and the Neanderthals. All non-Africans today carry some Neanderthal genes. We have also discovered aspects of Neanderthal behaviour that indicate that they were not cognitively inferior to modern humans, as we once thought, and in fact had their own rituals and art. Finlayson, who is at the forefront of this research, recounts the discoveries of his team, providing evidence that Neanderthals caught birds of prey, and used their feathers for symbolic purposes. There is also evidence that Neanderthals practised other forms of art, as the recently discovered engravings in Gorham's Cave Gibraltar indicate. Linking all the recent evidence, The smart Neanderthal casts a new light on the Neanderthals and the "Cognitive Revolution". Finlayson argues that there was no revolution and, instead, modern behaviour arose gradually and independently among different populations of Modern Humans and Neanderthals. Some practices were even adopted by Modern Humans from the Neanderthals. Finlayson overturns classic narratives of human origins, and raises important questions about who we really are

Neanderthals --- Bird remains (Archaeology) --- Birds --- Cognition and culture --- Behavior evolution --- Human evolution --- Social aspects --- History --- Neanderthals. --- Birds. --- Prehistoric peoples. --- Prehistoric animals in art. --- Birds - Social aspects - History