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This working paper presents findings from an effort to evaluate the impacts of immigration policies on the welfare of migrants and their families in migrant-sending countries. It uses a disaggregated micro economy-wide modelling approach, designed to capture both the potentially positive and negative effects of migration and remittances in migrant-sending areas and the complex processes shaping these impacts. The model is used to explore the possible effects of destination-country immigration policies on rural welfare in Mexico and Nicaragua (US policies in the first case and US and Costa Rican policies in the second). The findings highlight the sensitivity of sending-country welfare to immigration policies, not only in the households that send migrants and receive remittances but other households with which they interact within the migrant-sending economy. Impacts vary between the two countries and across households, and they also depend upon the gender and skills of migrants. The paper concludes by discussing the importance of both destination and source country policies in shaping the impacts of international migration on rural welfare.
Development --- Mexico --- Nicaragua
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L'investissement dans l'éducation en zone rurale profite-t-il essentiellement aux activités agricoles traditionnelles comme, par exemple, les cultures vivrières ? Cet ouvrage montre qu'il n'en est rien. En effet, les économies rurales sont beaucoup plus complexes que ne le laisse supposer une telle hypothèse : les effets bénéfiques de l'éducation se manifestent dans divers domaines, et non dans un seul, et varient considérablement selon le niveau d'instruction atteint. Les auteurs de ce livre ont enquêté auprès de ménages ruraux mexicains en tenant compte non seulement du niveau d'instruction du chef de famille, mais aussi de celui des autres membres de la famille. Leur objectif premier était de formuler une méthode d'analyse des interactions entre éducation, migration et productivité, de tester cette méthode à l'aide de données réelles et d'en tirer des conclusions utiles pour l'élaboration des politiques de l'éducation et du développement. Leurs travaux nous offrent ainsi un outil analytique d'un grand intérêt pratique pour les décideurs et pour les spécialistes qui souhaiteraient utiliser cette méthode dans d'autres contextes.
Development --- Mexico
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J. Edward Taylor and Mateusz J. Filipski provide readers with a methodology to evaluate the impacts of a wide diversity of development projects and policies on local economies, together with a diversity of applications of these tools - from poverty programs to global price shocks, irrigation projects, eco-tourism, migration, production subsidies, and government corruption.
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In 'International Migration' a multinational, multi-disciplinary group of scholars offer a comprehensive, up-to-date survey of global patterns of international migration which shows that the phenomenon is rooted in the expansion and consolidation of global markets rather than poverty or population growth.
Emigration and immigration --- Globalization. --- Economic aspects. --- Government policy.
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Most of the world's population and the vast majority of the world's poor live and work in villages. Their activities are usually centred in households, but interactions among households shape the impacts of policy, market and environmental changes on rural production, incomes, employment and migration. This book presents a generation of villagewide economic modelling designed to capture these interactions when assessing the impacts of policy, market and environmental changes on rural economies in less developed countries. The authors present a general framework for modelling village economies based on computable general-equilibrium techniques, estimate models for villages and a village-town in five different countries, and use these models to conduct a series of comparative experiments. The findings offer explanations for some paradoxical outcomes of exogenous shocks as their influence winds its way through rural economies, and they underline the importance of adopting a local economy-wide perspective when designing development policies.
Third World: economic development problems --- Villages --- Rural development --- 631.15 --- Hamlets (Villages) --- Village government --- Cities and towns --- Community development, Rural --- Development, Rural --- Integrated rural development --- Regional development --- Rehabilitation, Rural --- Rural community development --- Rural economic development --- Agriculture and state --- Community development --- Economic development --- Regional planning --- Farm production. Farm management. Farm administration --- Citizen participation --- Social aspects --- Rural development. --- Villages. --- 631.15 Farm production. Farm management. Farm administration --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics
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This paper provides technical documentation of the Development Policy Evaluation Model (DEVPEM model). It contains a discussion of the theoretical building blocks of the model; an overview of the data sources used for the simulations; and explanations of how household groups are categorized and how the model is calibrated. Finally it describes the design of the agricultural policy simulations that are examined in the accompanying policy paper.
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This paper presents the Development Policy Evaluation Model (DEVPEM), a new simulation model which captures four critical aspects of rural economies in developing countries: (1) the role of the household as both a producer and a consumer of food crops; (2) high transaction costs of participating in markets; (3) market linkages among heterogeneous rural producers and consumers; (4) the imperfect convertibility of land from one use to another. The results of simulations for six country models show that no untargeted agricultural policy intervention is pro-poor within the rural economy. While agricultural policy instruments are less efficient at raising rural incomes than direct payments, the degree of inefficiency of some market interventions, notably input subsidies, is not inevitably as high as observed in developed OECD countries.
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This book challenges the assumption that the major benefits of investment in rural education accrue to traditional agricultural activities, such as staples production. Indeed, rural economies are much more complex than such an assumption would allow and the benefits from education are, therefore, rather dispersed, and vary significantly according to the level of educational attainment achieved. The authors have carried out a survey of rural households in Mexico, taking into account educational levels, not only of the head of household, but also of the other members of the family. Their overriding purpose is to present an approach for analysing education-migration-productivity interactions, to test this approach using real-world data, and to draw relevant conclusions for educational and development policy. The result is an analytical tool of great practical interest for policy makers, as well as for specialists who might wish to extend the technique to other societies and situations.
Sociology of education --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Economic geography --- Mexico --- Education, Rural --- Labor mobility --- Agricultural productivity --- Education, Special Topics --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Economic aspects --- Enseignement en milieu rural --- Main-d'oeuvre --- Agriculture --- Aspect économique --- Mobilité --- Productivité --- Productivity, Agricultural --- Farm management --- Mobility, Labor --- Migration, Internal --- Labor supply --- Labor turnover --- Rural education --- Rural schools --- Anáhuac --- Estados Unidos Mexicanos --- Maxico --- Méjico --- Mekishiko --- Meḳsiḳe --- Meksiko --- Meksyk --- Messico --- Mexique (Country) --- República Mexicana --- Stany Zjednoczone Meksyku --- United Mexican States --- United States of Mexico --- מקסיקו --- メキシコ
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