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This book provides state-of-the-art reviews, current research on and the prospects of lignin production, biological, thermal and chemical conversion methods, and lignin technoeconomics. Fundamental topics related to lignin chemistry, properties, analysis, characterization, and depolymerization mechanisms, as well as enzymatic, fungal and bacterial degradation methods are covered. The book also examines practical topics related to technologies for lignin and ultra-pure lignin recovery, activated carbon, carbon fiber production and materials, and addresses the biological conversion of lignin with fungi, bacteria or enzymes to produce chemicals, along with chemical, catalytic, thermochemical and solvolysis conversion methods. Lastly, it presents a case study on practical polyurethane foam production using lignin. Lignin has a bright future and will be an essential feedstock for producing renewable chemicals, biofuels and value-added products. Offering comprehensive information on this promising material, the book represents a valuable resource for students, researchers, academicians and industrialists in the field of biochemistry and energy.

Life sciences. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Biochemistry. --- Forestry. --- Renewable energy sources. --- Alternate energy sources. --- Green energy industries. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Lignin. --- Biomass energy. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Lignins --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Crosslinked polymers --- Plant polymers --- Wood --- Chemistry --- Forests and forestry. --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Conversion of biomass into chemicals and biofuels is an active research and development area as trends move to replace traditional fossil fuels with renewable resources. By integrating processing methods with ultrasound and microwave irradiation into biorefineries, the time-scale of many operations can be greatly reduced while the efficiency of the reactions can be remarkably increased so that process intensification can be achieved. “Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ultrasound” and “Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Microwave” are two independent volumes in the Biofuels and Biorefineries series that take different, but complementary approaches for the pretreatment and chemical transformation of biomass into chemicals and biofuels. The volume “Ultrasound” provides current research advances and prospects in mechanistic principles of acoustic cavitation in sonochemistry, physical and chemical mechanisms in biofuel synthesis, reactor design for transesterification and esterification reactions, lipid extraction from algal biomass, microalgae extraction, biodiesel and bioethanol synthesis, practical technologies and systems, pretreatment of biomass waste sources including lignocellulosic materials, manures and sludges for biogas production, vibration-assisted pelleting, combined chemical-mechanical methods, valorization of starch-based wastes and  techno-economic methodology.  Each of the 12 chapters has been peer-reviewed and edited to improve both the quality of the text and the scope and coverage of the topics.  Both volumes “Ultrasound” and “Microwave” are references designed for students, researchers, academicians and industrialists in the fields of chemistry and chemical engineering and include introductory chapters to highlight present concepts of the fundamental technologies and their application. Dr. Zhen Fang is Professor in Bioenergy, Leader and founder of biomass group, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden and is also adjunct Professor of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China. Dr. Richard L. Smith, Jr. is Professor of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Japan. Dr. Xinhua Qi is Professor of Environmental Science, Nankai University, China.  .

Energy. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biotechnology. --- Biochemistry. --- Renewable energy sources. --- Biotechnologie --- Biochimie --- Energies renouvelables --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Biomass conversion. --- Ultrasonic waves --- Biomass energy. --- Sonochemistry. --- Industrial applications. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Renewable energy resources. --- Alternate energy sources. --- Green energy industries. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Microbial biotechnology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Composition

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This book provides state-of-the-art reviews, the latest research, prospects and challenges of the production of platform chemicals such as C6 sugars, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, gamma-valerolactone, xylitol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, levulinic acid, ethanol and others from sustainable biomass resources using processes that include heterogeneous catalysis, ionic liquids, hydrothermal/solvothermal, electrochemical and fermentation methods. It also discusses the application of these chemicals and their derivatives for synthesizing commodity chemicals via various routes. Intended as a reference resource for researchers, academicians and industrialists in the area of energy, chemical engineering and biomass conversion, it provides a wealth of information essential for assessing the production and application of various biomass-derived platform chemicals using biological, chemical and electrochemical techniques. .

Life sciences. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Biochemistry. --- Forestry. --- Renewable energy sources. --- Alternate energy sources. --- Green energy industries. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Chemical processes. --- Green chemistry. --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Environmental chemistry --- Sustainable chemistry --- Processes, Chemical --- Industrial applications --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Chemical engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Sustainable engineering --- Chemical reactions --- Manufacturing processes --- Forests and forestry. --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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This book presents a collection of studies on state-of-art techniques developed specifically for lignocellulose component derivation, and for the production of functional materials, composite polymers, carbonaceous biocatalysts, and pellets from lignocellulosic biomass, with an emphasis on using sustainable chemistry and engineering to develop innovative materials and fuels for practical application. Technological strategies for the physical processing or biological conversion of biomass for material production are also presented. All chapters were contributed by respected experts in the field from around the globe, providing a broad range of perspectives on cutting-edge applications. The book offers an ideal reference guide for academic researchers and industrial engineers in the fields of natural renewable materials, biorefinery of lignocellulose, biofuels and environmental engineering. It can also be used as a comprehensive reference source for university students in chemical engineering, material science and environmental engineering.

Biomedical engineering. --- Biomaterials. --- Biotechnology. --- Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Medicine --- Biomedical engineering --- Materials --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Biomaterials (Biomedical materials)

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This book presents a collection of studies on state-of-art techniques developed specifically for lignocellulose component derivation, and for the production of functional materials, composite polymers, carbonaceous biocatalysts, and pellets from lignocellulosic biomass, with an emphasis on using sustainable chemistry and engineering to develop innovative materials and fuels for practical application. Technological strategies for the physical processing or biological conversion of biomass for material production are also presented. All chapters were contributed by respected experts in the field from around the globe, providing a broad range of perspectives on cutting-edge applications. The book offers an ideal reference guide for academic researchers and industrial engineers in the fields of natural renewable materials, biorefinery of lignocellulose, biofuels and environmental engineering. It can also be used as a comprehensive reference source for university students in chemical engineering, material science and environmental engineering.

General biophysics --- Human biochemistry --- Biotechnology --- composieten --- biomassa --- biologische materialen --- biobrandstoffen --- medische biochemie --- biorefinery --- biomedische wetenschappen --- biotechnologie --- duurzame ontwikkeling --- polymeren --- Biotechnology. --- Biomaterials.