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This significant new work focuses on the formation and disintegration of Arab-Muslim rule and society in Sicily and south Italy between 800 and 1300 which led to the creation of an enduring Muslim-Christian frontier during the age of the Crusades. It examines the long and short-term impact of Islamic authority and culture on these regions and how they later fell into the hands of European rulers, explaining how the Norman conquest of Sicily came to import radically different dynamics to the central Mediterranean. The change of ruling elites left a majority Muslim population under Christian rule, but the Sicilian kings also adopted and adapted political ideologies from south Mediterranean regimes while absorbing cultural influences from the diverse peoples over whom they ruled. This work provides an engaging, expert and wide-ranging introduction to the subject and offers fresh and clear insights into the politico-religious, socio-economic and cultural evolution of Europe and the Islamic world. -- Back cover.

Muslims --- Islam --- History --- Relations --- Christianity --- Italy --- Sicily (Italy) --- Musulmans --- Christianisme --- Histoire --- Italie --- Sicile (Italie) --- History of Italy --- History of civilization --- anno 800-1199 --- anno 1200-1299

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The social and linguistic history of medieval Sicily is both intriguing and complex. Before the Muslim invasion of 827, the islanders spoke dialects of either Greek or Latin or both. On the arrival of the Normans around 1060 Arabic was the dominant language, but by 1250 Sicily was an almost exclusively Christian island, with Romance dialects in evidence everywhere. Of particular importance to the development of Sicily was the formative period of Norman rule (1061 1194), when most of the key transitions from an Arabic-speaking Muslim island to a 'Latin'-speaking Christian one were made. This wo

Muslims --- Islam --- Christianity --- Christianity and other religions --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Syncretism (Christianity) --- Religions --- Church history --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- History. --- Relations --- History --- Sicily (Italy) --- Religion. --- Civilization --- Arab influences. --- Languages.

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Publication of the first season of the Archaeological Survey of Nubia included an in-depth anatomical study of the cemetery populations, but this was not replicated in future years. This book reconstructs the anatomical studies carried out for the second season, using newly discovered records, archival records and the scant surviving human remains.

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Mathematical statistics --- 519.2 --- 681.3*G3 --- Probability. Mathematical statistics --- Probability and statistics: probabilistic algorithms (including Monte Carlo);random number generation; statistical computing; statistical software (Mathematics of computing) --- Management --- Mathematical statistics. --- Basic Sciences. Statistics --- Statistical methods. --- Applied Statistics --- Applied Statistics. --- 681.3*G3 Probability and statistics: probabilistic algorithms (including Monte Carlo);random number generation; statistical computing; statistical software (Mathematics of computing) --- 519.2 Probability. Mathematical statistics --- Mathematics --- Statistical inference --- Statistics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Probabilities --- Sampling (Statistics) --- Statistical methods --- Statistique