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The exchange of orbit information is becoming more important in view of the increasing population of objects in space as well as the increase in parties involved in space operations. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how orbit information maintained by a space surveillance system can be provided to its users. Services like collision avoidance require very accurate information, while other services might be less stringent. An approach was studied, which allows to derive orbit and covariance information of predetermined accuracy from a reference orbit. Using Chebyshev polynomials, continuous state vector and covariance matrix information can be provided. The major advantage is that no inter- or extrapolation on the user's side is required. A method to reduce the data amount by interpolating the variance envelope functions was also studied. The proposed method in this thesis gives access to highly accurate information from the catalogue, where this information is required. On the other hand it can also provide less accurate information, where requirements are less restrictive, thereby allowing for a significantly reduced amount of data to be transferred and stored.

Orbital mechanics. --- Computers. --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Astrodynamics --- Mechanics --- Orbits --- space debris --- space surveillance --- space situational awareness

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The Special Issue entitled “Remote Sensing in Vessel Detection and Navigation” comprises 15 articles on many topics related to remote sensing with navigational sensors. The sequence of articles included in this Special Issue is in line with the latest scientific trends. The latest developments in science, including artificial intelligence, were used. It can be said that navigation and vessel detection remain important and hot topics, and a lot of work will continue to be done worldwide. New techniques and methods for analyzing and extracting information from navigational sensors and data have been proposed and verified. Some of these will spark further research, and some are already mature and can be considered for industrial implementation and development.

Research & information: general --- autonomous navigation --- automatic radar plotting aid --- safe objects control --- game theory --- computer simulation --- Sentinel-2 --- multispectral --- temporal offsets --- ship --- aircraft --- velocity --- altitude --- parallax --- jet stream --- Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) --- multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver --- bathymetric measurements --- cross track error (XTE) --- SSL --- six-degrees-of-freedom motion --- motion attitude model --- edge detection --- straight-line fitting --- visual saliency --- vessel detection --- video monitoring --- inland waterway --- real-time detection --- neural network --- target recognition --- HRRP --- residual structure --- loss function --- trajectory tracking --- unmanned surface vehicle --- navigation --- bathymetry --- hydrographic survey --- real-time communication --- maritime situational awareness --- ship detection --- Iridium --- on-board --- image processing --- flight campaign --- position estimation --- ranging mode --- single shore station --- AIS --- bag-of-words mechanism --- machine learning --- image analysis --- ship classification --- marine system --- river monitoring system --- feature extraction --- synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ship detection --- multi-stage rotational region based network (MSR2N) --- rotated anchor generation --- multi-stage rotational detection network (MSRDN) --- convolutional neural network (CNN) --- synthetic aperture radar (SAR) --- multiscale and small ship detection --- complex background --- false alarm --- farbon dioxide peaks --- midwave infrared --- FTIR --- adaptive stochastic resonance (ASR) --- matched intrawell response --- nonlinear filter --- line enhancer --- autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) --- target tracking --- group targets --- GLMB --- structure --- formation --- remote sensing