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Time asymmetric phenomena are successfully predicted by statistical mechanics. Yet the foundations of this theory are surprisingly shaky. Its explanation for the ease of mixing milk with coffee is incomplete, and even implies that un-mixing them should be just as easy. In this book the authors develop a new conceptual foundation for statistical mechanics that addresses this difficulty. Explaining the notions of macrostates, probability, measurement, memory, and the arrow of time in statistical mechanics, they reach the startling conclusion that Maxwell's Demon, the famous perpetuum mobile, is consistent with the fundamental physical laws. Mathematical treatments are avoided where possible, and instead the authors use novel diagrams to illustrate the text. This is a fascinating book for graduate students and researchers interested in the foundations and philosophy of physics.
Maxwell's demon --- Second law of thermodynamics --- Statistical thermodynamics --- Maxwell, James Clerk, --- Maxwell, James Clerk --- Statistical mechanics --- Second law of thermodynamics. --- Statistical thermodynamics. --- Maxwell, Démon de --- Mécanique statistique --- Deuxième principe de la thermodynamique --- Thermodynamique statistique --- Maxwell's demon. --- Demon of Maxwell --- Maxwell demon --- Thermodynamics --- Quantum theory --- Statistical physics --- 2nd law of thermodynamics --- Laws of thermodynamics --- Maksvell, Dzhems Klerk, --- Maxwell, J. Clerk --- Maxwell, J. C. --- Maxwell, Clerk, --- Maksvell, Dzheĭms Klerk, --- Physics --- General and Others --- Maxwell, James Clerk, - 1831-1879
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Entropic Creation is the first book to consider the cultural and religious responses to the second law of thermodynamics, and the theory proposed by certain Christian scholars during the period 1860 to 1920 that the entropic creation argument is proof of a divine creation of the world.
Cosmology --- Entropy --- Second law of thermodynamics. --- Creationism. --- Religion and science. --- Thermodynamics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- 2nd law of thermodynamics --- Laws of thermodynamics --- Christianity and science --- Geology --- Geology and religion --- Science --- Science and religion --- Creation science --- Scientific creationism --- Modernist-fundamentalist controversy --- Bible and evolution --- Creation --- Evolution (Biology) --- Intelligent design (Teleology) --- Religious aspects --- History. --- Philosophy --- History --- Religious aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Christianity --- Cosmologie --- Entropie --- Deuxième principe de la thermodynamique --- Créationnisme --- Religion et sciences --- Aspect religieux --- Philosophie --- Histoire --- Second law of thermodynamics --- Creationism --- Religion and science
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This book results from a Special Issue related to the latest progress in the thermodynamics of machines systems and processes since the premonitory work of Carnot. Carnot invented his famous cycle and generalized the efficiency concept for thermo-mechanical engines. Since that time, research progressed from the equilibrium approach to the irreversible situation that represents the general case. This book illustrates the present state-of-the-art advances after one or two centuries of consideration regarding applications and fundamental aspects. The research is moving fast in the direction of economic and environmental aspects. This will probably continue during the coming years. This book mainly highlights the recent focus on the maximum power of engines, as well as the corresponding first law efficiency upper bounds.
History of engineering & technology --- thermodynamics --- optimization --- entropy analysis --- Carnot engine --- modelling with time durations --- steady-state modelling --- transient conditions --- converter irreversibility --- sequential optimization --- Finite physical Dimensions Optimal Thermodynamics --- global efficiency --- energy efficiency --- heat engine --- heat pump --- utilization --- Carnot efficiency --- comparison --- thermal system --- cycle analysis --- second law of thermodynamics --- Clausius Statement --- theorem of the equivalence of transformations --- linear irreversible thermodynamics --- maximum power output --- maximum ecological Function --- maximum efficient power function --- enzymatic reaction model --- ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) --- plate heat exchanger --- finite-time thermodynamics --- heat transfer entropy --- entropy production --- new efficiency limits --- two-stage LNG compressor --- energy losses --- exergy destruction --- exergy efficiency --- Stirling cycle --- refrigerator --- heat exchanger --- second law --- n/a
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Modern information communication technology eradicates barriers of geographic distances, making the world globally interdependent, but this spatial globalization has not eliminated cultural fragmentation. The Two Cultures of C.P. Snow (that of science–technology and that of humanities) are drifting apart even faster than before, and they themselves crumble into increasingly specialized domains. Disintegrated knowledge has become subservient to the competition in technological and economic race leading in the direction chosen not by the reason, intellect, and shared value-based judgement, but rather by the whims of autocratic leaders or fashion controlled by marketers for the purposes of political or economic dominance. If we want to restore the authority of our best available knowledge and democratic values in guiding humanity, first we have to reintegrate scattered domains of human knowledge and values and offer an evolving and diverse vision of common reality unified by sound methodology. This collection of articles responds to the call from the journal Philosophies to build a new, networked world of knowledge with domain specialists from different disciplines interacting and connecting with other knowledge-and-values-producing and knowledge-and-values-consuming communities in an inclusive, extended, contemporary natural–philosophic manner. In this process of synthesis, scientific and philosophical investigations enrich each other—with sciences informing philosophies about the best current knowledge of the world, both natural and human-made—while philosophies scrutinize the ontological, epistemological, and methodological foundations of sciences, providing scientists with questions and conceptual analyses. This is all directed at extending and deepening our existing comprehension of the world, including ourselves, both as humans and as societies, and humankind.
pessimistic induction --- n/a --- qualitative ontology --- dissipative structures --- physicalism --- agent-based reasoning --- thermodynamics --- the logic of nature --- reverse mathematics --- theoretical unity --- state-space approach --- common good --- naturalization of logic --- monad --- metaphysics --- reflexive psychology --- knowledge --- neurodynamics --- consciousness --- third-way reasoning --- induction and discovery of laws --- mind-matter relations --- exoplanet --- Second Law of thermodynamics --- unitarity --- philosophical foundations --- in the name of nature --- big crunch --- epistemology --- eco-cognitive model --- active imagination --- aesthetics in science --- science --- second-person description --- subsumptive hierarchy --- 1st-person and 3rd-person perspectives --- discursive space --- space flight --- complexity --- cybernetics --- cosmology --- matter --- realism --- eco-cognitive openness --- hylomorphism --- measurement --- fallacies --- induction --- vacuum --- physics --- mental representation --- embodiment --- problem of induction --- contradiction --- internalism --- Jungian psychology --- synthesis --- exceptional experiences --- mind --- relational biology --- symmetry breaking --- emergence --- phenomenological psychology --- Aristotle’s four causes --- humanistic management --- real computing --- A.N. Whitehead --- final cause --- naturalism --- induction and concept formation --- temporality --- dispositions --- dark energy --- heterogeneity --- Naturphilosophie --- computation --- causality --- memory evolutive system --- natural philosophy --- quantum computing --- philosophy of information --- self --- information --- analytical psychology --- logic --- indeterminacy --- scientific method --- dialectics --- computability --- language --- ethics --- perception --- philosophy of nature --- agonism --- errors of reasoning --- everyday lifeworld --- emptiness --- awareness --- unity of knowledge --- digitization --- fitness --- depth psychology --- info-computational model --- creativity --- ontology --- philosophy as a way of life --- development --- void --- big freeze --- signal transduction --- abduction --- retrocausality --- dual-aspect monism --- quantum information --- theoretical biology --- acategoriality --- epistemic norms --- evolutionary psychology --- apophasis --- differentiation --- memory --- centripetality --- mathematics --- Leibniz --- Ivor Leclerc --- spatial representation --- subjective experience --- intentionality --- evidence and justification --- internal quantum state --- scientific progress --- holographic encoding --- information-theory --- qualia --- anticipation --- naturalization --- F.W.J. Schelling --- L. Smolin --- R.M. Unger --- Aristotle --- dual aspects --- process --- theory of everything --- philosophy of science --- cognition --- compositional hierarchy --- autocatalysis --- discourse --- emergentist reductionism --- form --- regulation --- contingency --- endogenous selection --- category theory --- Science --- Philosophy of nature. --- Philosophy. --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy --- Aristotle's four causes
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