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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Physiology --- nutrient sensing --- energy balance --- hypothalamus --- olfactory bulb --- melanocortin system --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- ceramides --- neural stem cells

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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated --- Prostaglandins --- Leukotrienes B --- Unsaturated fatty acids --- Leukotrienes --- periodicals. --- Lipids --- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated. --- Acides gras insaturés --- Prostaglandines --- Leucotriènes --- Lipides --- Leukotrienes. --- Lipids. --- Prostaglandins. --- Unsaturated fatty acids. --- Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis --- SRS-A --- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids --- Fatty Acids, Polyunsaturated --- Acids, Polyunsaturated Fatty --- Acids, Unsaturated Fatty --- Unsaturated Fatty Acids --- Lipins --- Lipoids --- Fatty acids, Unsaturated --- Polyunsaturated fatty acids --- Eicosanoids --- Inflammation --- Prostanoids --- Biomolecules --- Steroids --- Alkenes --- Fatty acids --- Mediators --- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid --- Unsaturated Fatty Acid --- Acid, Polyunsaturated Fatty --- Acid, Unsaturated Fatty --- Fatty Acid, Polyunsaturated --- Fatty Acid, Unsaturated --- Acides gras insaturés. --- Man --- Serials

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The search for dietary patterns or food bioactive derivatives that may serve as a panacea for health issues has been a topic of interest for several millennia. It is not surprising that this trend in food research is continuing today particularly in relation to brain and cardiometabolic health, given the huge burden they pose on human health, with no geographical boundaries. Currently, there is an increasing demand for ‘pure’ and ‘clean’ foods as well as potent bioactive ingredients that can promote beneficial health outcomes. Several studies, including in vitro investigations, clinical trials, and observational studies related to food and nutritional patterns have already identified, proposed, and in some cases challenged the mechanisms of action of these foods and food ingredients. The book “Food bioactives and impact on brain and cardiometabolic health findings from in vitro to human studies” has gathered innovative, high-quality research manuscripts (letters to the editor, original research and review papers) on bioactive constituents of foods and dietary patterns which can directly impact upon brain and cardiometabolic health. These manuscripts reporting on different areas of this research field, from the description of new conceptual ideas, mechanisms of action, and structural modelling to clinical trials and observational studies.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- black Africans --- blood pressure --- hypertension --- long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids --- longitudinal study --- nutritional transition --- PUFA --- licorice --- glycyrrhizin --- glycyrrhetinic acid --- glabridin --- 11-β-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 --- hyperaldosteronism --- hypokalemia --- L-Theanine --- amino acid --- green tea --- bioactive --- functional food --- heart rate variability --- cardiometabolic effect --- child --- cerebral palsy --- diet modification --- motor development delay --- nutrition disorder --- nutritional support --- trans-ε-viniferin --- resveratrol --- neuroprotection --- oxidative stress --- dopamine --- apotosis --- neuroinflammation --- Parkinson’s disease --- n/a --- Parkinson's disease

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease, heart disease, arrhythmias, and other types of vascular diseases, is one of the leading causes of death around the world. It is estimated that approximately half of the variabilities of CVD appear to be attributed to genetics. Therefore, the other half of them have been attributed to acquired factors, including diet. It is of note that even a genetic predisposition to CVD can be canceled out by a healthy lifestyle. In this regard, it is important to acknowledge that acquired factors, including diet, are causally associated with CVD. Based on these facts, important papers are presented in this Special Issue entitled “The Effect of Diet on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Disease, and Blood Vessels”.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids --- cardiovascular risk estimates --- cardiovascular diseases --- biomarkers --- cardiovascular risk factors --- fish --- n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid --- cardiovascular disease mortality --- meta-analysis --- prospective cohort studies --- body mass index --- obesity --- underweight --- ischemic stroke --- hemorrhagic stroke --- high-density lipoprotein (HDL) --- cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC) --- phospholipids (PL) --- trans-fatty acids (TFA) --- elaidic acid --- lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) --- aortic stiffness --- fructose --- glucose --- hypertension --- left ventricular diastolic dysfunction --- pulse wave velocity --- renal resistive index --- cardiovascular health --- atrial fibrillation --- Japanese --- sarcopenia --- heart failure --- trimethylamine-N-oxide --- inflammatory mediators --- choline --- L-carnitine --- n/a

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Blindness and visual impairment impact significantly on an individual’s physical and mental well-being. Loss of vision is a global health problem, with approximately 250 million of the world’s population currently living with vision loss, of which 36 million are classified as blind. Visual impairment is more frequent in the elderly, with cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) accounting for over 50% of cases globally. Oxidative stress has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of both conditions, and consequently the role of nutritional factors, in particular carotenoids and micronutrient antioxidants, have been investigated as possible preventative or therapeutic strategies. Dry eye syndrome (DES) is one of the most common ophthalmic conditions in the world. DES occurs where the eye does not produce enough tears and/or the tears evaporate too quicklyleading to discomfort and varying degrees of visual disturbance. There has recently been a great deal of interest in the potential for oral or topical supplementation with essential fatty acids (EFAs), specifically omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, as an adjunct to conventional treatments for DES. The objective of this Special Issue on ‘Nutrition and Eye Health’ is to publish papers describing the role of nutrition in maintaining eye health and the use of nutritional interventions to prevent or treat ocular disease. A particular (but not exclusive) emphasis will be on papers (reviews and/or clinical or experimental studies) relating to cataract, AMD and DES.

polyphenols --- n/a --- crocin --- chyrsin --- glaucoma --- dietary assessment --- photoreceptor degeneration --- dry eye --- RR-zeaxanthin --- nutritional supplements --- drug discovery --- corneal neovascularization (CNV) --- AMD --- dietary antioxidants --- micronutrients --- age-related macular degeneration --- preclinical models --- lenses --- microvascular lesions --- cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) --- angiogenesis --- fish oil --- macrophage --- anti-oxidant --- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) --- rosmarinic acid --- visual cycle --- diabetic retinopathy --- lutein --- gut-retina axis --- light damage --- crocetin --- supplements --- clinical practice guidelines --- nutrition --- light --- eye disease --- dietary habits --- flavonoids --- phytoconstituents --- saffron --- carotenoids --- fatty acid --- electroretinography --- lens --- advanced glycation end products --- interleukin-1? (IL-1?) --- mesozeaxanthin (RS zeaxanthin) --- endoplasmic reticulum stress --- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids --- clinical survey --- corneal chemical burn --- reduced glutathione --- omega-3 --- AGREE II --- retina --- inflammation --- anti-inflammatory --- retinal pigment epithelium --- diet --- Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 --- Crocus Sativus L. --- saponins --- cataract --- CODS --- neoangiogenesis --- estrogen-deficient rats --- food frequency questionnaire --- gut microbiota --- antioxidant supplements --- sinapic acid --- personalised medicine --- systematic reviews --- nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-?B) --- diabetes --- Cucurbita argyrosperma --- oxidative stress --- endoplasmic reticulum