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Atomic structure --- Many-body problem --- Photoionization --- Structure atomique --- Problème des N corps --- Photo-ionisation

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This book presents timely work on the nature of the physical processes underpinning two of the basic characteristics of the gas structure in the innermost region of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN): ionized outflows and emission line regions. In addition, it describes physics-based methods for estimating the density of the astrophysical plasma surrounding AGN. All numerical computations of the photoionized gas employ the most advanced codes available (CLOUDY and TITAN). Calculations of the radiative transfer are based on the assumption of thermal and ionization equilibrium. Promising preliminary examples of comparison with current observations are included for several individual AGN. All of them suggest that the absorbing/emitting gas should have a density on the order of 1012 cm-3. Future observations will provide more objects to verify these results, and will allow us to put constraints on the launch radius of ionized outflows and therefore on the mass loading and kinetic energy outflow rates. These rates, in turn, are crucial to estimating whether the outflows have a significant feedback impact on star formation and metal enrichment in the interstellar medium of the host galaxy. In closing, the book discusses a representative example of applying powerful photoionization techniques to explain the complex physics of the AGN environment. .

Active galactic nuclei. --- Photoionization of gases --- Computer simulation. --- Astrophysics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics

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The Hans Kleinpoppen Symposium on "Complete Scattering Experiments" th was held in honor of Hans Kleinpoppen’s 70 birthday. It took place in Il Ciocco, Italy. The symposium had two purposes: to present the work that Hans Kleinpoppen has done or initiated during his remarkable scientific career, and to bring people from various fields together who perform complete scattering experiments. Hans Kleinpoppen’s work included electron and photon impact experiments which were accompanied by studies of entangled states - a field of high current interest. Representatives from each of these fields gave excellent lectures on their particular subjects, and many discussions that started during the sessions were continued later in the relaxed atmosphere of the Il Ciocco resort. The breathtaking view of the beautiful landscape will be an unforg- table memory to all who participated in this extraordinary scientific event. The coherent and ideal combination of subject, people and location reflected the coherence of Hans Kleinpoppen’s aims and activities in science and life. We offer our grateful thanks to all contributors who made this volume such a worthy tribute to Hans Kleinpoppen. We also like to thank Rainer Hentges for the painstaking work to prepare this volume in its complete ready to print version. We are also grateful to the Royal Society of London and the Max– Planck–Gesellschaft who generous support of the Hans Kleinpoppen sym- sium made this marvelous meeting and this proceedings possible.

Electrons --- Photoionization --- Scattering --- Quantum theory. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Atoms. --- Physics. --- Quantum physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Constitution

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In this thesis Matthew Simpson reports two areas of work in gas ion spectroscopy, each investigation in itself worthy of a PhD. The first study uses tunable vacuum-ultraviolet radiation from a synchrotron to identify negative ions from twenty four photoexcited polyatomic molecules in the gas phase. From these experiments, Matthew collects a vast amount of data and summarises and reviews ion-pair formation from polyatomic molecules.  The second study is on selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. Matthew investigates the reactions of cations and anions with ethene, monofluoroethene, 1,1-difluoroethene and tetrafluoroethene. In this study Matthew tries to explain why certain products are formed preferentially over other products at a microscopic level of understanding. The data recorded in this thesis form the most comprehensive collection of information about anion formation and are the basis of a review and numerous articles in specialist journals.

Microphysique. --- Organic compounds -- Analysis. --- Spectrum analysis. --- Structure électronique. --- Gases --- Ionization of gases --- Physics --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Light & Optics --- Analytical Chemistry --- Spectra --- Photoionization of gases. --- Polyatomic molecules. --- Gases, Photoionization of --- Chemistry. --- Spectroscopy. --- Physical chemistry. --- Microscopy. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Molecules --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Qualitative --- Spectrometry --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Analytical chemistry

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This book is intended to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in specialty photonic crystal fiber technology and its multiple applications, combined with an optimistic outlook to what lies ahead. It comprises six original research papers and one review from different leading research institutions worldwide.

Research & information: general --- stimulated Raman scattering --- hollow-core photonic crystal fibers --- fiber lasers --- gas lasers --- hollow-core photonic crystal fiber --- soliton --- photoionization --- dispersive wave --- chalcogenide glasses --- 3D printing --- mid-infrared fibers --- photonic crystal fibers --- photonic bandgap fiber --- resonance --- dispersion management --- supercontinuum generation --- photonic crystal fiber --- polarization modulation instability --- ANDi fiber --- liquid-filled PCF --- hollow core fiber --- optical waveguide design --- mid-infrared beam delivery --- hollow-core fiber --- fiber gas laser --- n/a