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Commanding and controlling organizations in extreme situations is a challenging task in military, intelligence, and disaster management. Such command and control must be quick, effective, and considerate when dealing with the changing, complex, and risky conditions of the situation. To enable optimal command and control under extremes, robust structures and efficient operations are required of organizations. This work discusses how to design and conduct virtual experiments on resilient organizational structures and operational practices using modeling and simulation. The work illustrates key aspects of robustly networked organizations and modeled performance of human decision-makers through examples of naval-air defense, counterterrorism operations, and disaster responses.
Computer science --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- vormgeving --- computers --- mineralen (chemie) --- simulaties --- mijnbouw --- computerkunde --- Computer simulation. --- Crisis management. --- Emergency management.
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This book offers a comprehensive guide to several aspects of risk, including information systems, disaster management, supply chain and disaster management perspectives. A major portion of the book is devoted to presenting a number of operations research models that have been (or could be) applied to enterprise supply risk management, especially from the supply chain perspective. Each chapter of this book can be used as a stand-alone module on a respective topic, with dedicated examples, definitions and discussion notes. This book comes at a time when the world is increasingly challenged by different forms of risk and how to manage them. Events of the 21st Century have made enterprise risk management even more critical. Risks such as suspicions surrounding top-management structures, financial and technology bubbles (especially since 2008), as well as the risk posed by terrorism, such as the 9/11 attacks in the U.S. as well as more recent events in France, Belgium, and other European countries, have a tremendous impact on many facets of business. Businesses, in fact, exist to cope with risk in their area of specialization.
Production management --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- mineralen (chemie) --- productie --- mijnbouw --- risk management --- Risk management. --- Production management. --- Computer simulation.
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This book focuses on the problem of responsibility voids: these are cases where responsibility for a morally undesirable outcome cannot be attributed to any of the involved agents. Responsibility voids are thought to occur in collective decision-making and in the context of artificial intelligent systems. In these cases, philosophers worry that there is a shortfall of moral responsibility. In particular, such voids are often assumed to justify a notion of collective responsibility that cannot be reduced to individual responsibility. One of the aims of the book is to study how collective responsibility and joint action relate to individual responsibility and individual actions. The book offers a unifying framework for modelling moral responsibility by drawing from modal logic and game theory. The book investigates the possibility and scope of the problem of responsibility voids. One of its characteristics is its pluralistic perspective on moral responsibility: in contrast to giving a unique and all-encompassing definition of it, the book makes progress by spelling out and modelling several conceptions of moral responsibility. One of the appealing features of the book is that a relatively small range of models is used to investigate a variety of conceptions of moral responsibility. The unifying framework can thus be used to characterize the conditions under which responsibility voids are ruled out. .
Logic --- General ethics --- Microeconomics --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- ethiek --- mineralen (chemie) --- micro-economie --- mijnbouw --- logica --- Logic.
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Thisengineering practice Guide, based on the DETACT-QS program, describes a model for predicting the response time of ceiling-mounted heat detectors/sprinklers and smoke detectors, installed under large unobstructed ceilings, for fires with user-defined, time-dependent heat release rate curves. The Guide provides information on the technical features, theoretical basis, assumptions, limitations, and sensitivities as well as guidance on the use of DETACT-QS. Evaluation is based on comparing predictions from DETACT-QS with results from full-scale fire experiments conducted in compartments with ceiling heights ranging from 2.44 m (8 ft) to 12.2 m (40 ft) and peak fire heat release rates ranging from 150 kW to 3.8 MW. Use of this model with building geometries or fire characteristics other than those used in this evaluation may require further evaluation or testing.
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With the increasing penetration of renewable energy and distributed energy resources, smart grid is facing great challenges, which could be divided into two categories. On the one hand, the endogenous uncertainties of renewable energy and electricity load lead to great difficulties in smart grid forecast. On the other hand, massive electric devices as well as their complex constraint relationships bring about significant difficulties in smart grid dispatch. Owe to the rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years, several artificial intelligence enabled computational methods have been successfully applied in the smart grid and achieved good performances. Therefore, this book is concerned with the research on the key issues of artificial intelligence enabled computational methods for smart grid forecast and dispatch, which consist of three main parts. (1) Introduction for smart grid forecast and dispatch, in inclusion of reviewing previous contribution of various research methods as well as their drawbacks to analyze characteristics of smart grid forecast and dispatch. (2) Artificial intelligence enabled computational methods for smart grid forecast problems, which are devoted to present the recent approaches of deep learning and machine learning as well as their successful applications in smart grid forecast. (3) Artificial intelligence enabled computational methods for smart grid dispatch problems, consisting of edge-cutting intelligent decision-making approaches, which help determine the optimal solution of smart grid dispatch. The book is useful for university researchers, engineers, and graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science who wish to learn the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of artificial intelligence enabled computational methods.
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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems, MESAS 2022, held MESAS 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, October 2022. The 21 full papers included in the volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: Modelling, Simulation Technology, methodologies and Robotics. .
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This Festschrift honors the remarkable career of Prof. Dr. Dimitris Karagiannis whose research has been focused on metamodeling, method engineering and its application in practice. Metamodeling stands for the design and implementation of modeling languages, conceptual modeling methods and related tools. This book contains fourteen contributions by close collaborators of Dimitris Karagiannis from academia, research, and industry. Each chapter honors the extraordinary inspiration that he provided during remarkable and ongoing collaborations. They cover the topics of conceptual modeling, semantic engineering, business process management, ontologies, enterprise architecture and knowledge management. They not only refer to research results, but also to tools like the ADOxx metamodeling platform for implementing domain-specific modelling tools and educational efforts like the Open Models Initiative Laboratory, aka OMiLAB, or the NEMO Summer School on conceptual modeling. The contributions by authors with ample experience in metamodeling reflect on the state of the field and possible applications and trajectories to the future. They are compiled in honor of Dimitris Karagiannis and his outstanding work in this domain.
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Twelve contributions evaluate the chemistry of trace elements in preparations and their potential bioavailability to the consumer; consider palatability, mineral interactions, and other nutritional factors; discuss trace elements' biology and pharmacokinetics to facilitate the development of protocols for experimental programs
voedingsstoffen --- mineralen (chemie) --- Food science and technology --- mineralen (voeding) --- Trace elements --- Food --- Oligo-éléments --- Aliments --- Analysis --- Analyse --- Oligo-éléments --- Trace elements.
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This book provides, as simply as possible, sound foundations for an in-depth understanding of reliability engineering with regard to qualitative analysis, modelling, and probabilistic calculations of safety and production systems. Drawing on the authors extensive experience within the field of reliability engineering, it addresses and discusses a variety of topics, including: Background and overview of safety and dependability studies; Explanation and critical analysis of definitions related to core concepts; Risk identification through qualitative approaches (preliminary hazard analysis, HAZOP, FMECA, etc.); Modelling of industrial systems through static (fault tree, reliability block diagram), sequential (cause-consequence diagrams, event trees, LOPA, bowtie), and dynamic (Markov graphs, Petri nets) approaches; Probabilistic calculations through state-of-the-art analytical or Monte Carlo simulation techniques; Analysis, modelling, and calculations of common cause failure and uncertainties; Linkages and combinations between the various modelling and calculation approaches; Reliability data collection and standardization. The book features illustrations, explanations, examples, and exercises to help readers gain a detailed understanding of the topic and implement it into their own work. Further, it analyses the production availability of production systems and the functional safety of safety systems (SIL calculations), showcasing specific applications of the general theory discussed. Given its scope, this book is a valuable resource for engineers, software designers, standard developers, professors, and students.
Statistical science --- Mathematical statistics --- Probability theory --- Production management --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- veiligheid (mensen) --- statistiek --- mineralen (chemie) --- mijnbouw --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Risk assessment. --- Probabilities. --- Mathematical models.
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Daylight is a dynamic source of illumination in architectural space, creating diverse and ephemeral configurations of light and shadow within the built environment. Perceptual qualities of daylight, such as contrast and temporal variability, are essential to our understanding of both material and visual effects in architecture. Under the rapidly growing context of energy conscious research, there is a need to re-balance our definition of “performance” to include those perceptual and aesthetic aspects of light that are often disregarded by the world of simulation. Contrast is important to the definition of space and it is essential in understanding how architecture is enhanced and transformed over time by the dynamic and variable characteristics of daylight. Although there are a growing number of studies that seek to define the relationship between brightness, contrast, and lighting quality, the dynamic role of daylight within the visual field is underrepresented by existing metrics. Although spatial contrast and light variability are fundamental to the visual experience of architecture, architects still rely primarily on intuition and experience to evaluate their designs because there are few, if any, metrics that address these factors. New metrics that addresses this challenge could help designers to contextualize the relative strength and temporal stability of contrast within a given architectural space, which would open up a new dimension in architectural performance. Through an analysis of contemporary architecture from around the world, the authors have developed a new typological language that categorizes architectural space in terms of contrast and temporal variation. This research proposes a new family of metrics that quantify the magnitude of contrast-based visual effects and time-based variation within daylit space through the use of time-segmented daylight renderings to provide a more holistic analysis of daylight performance.
Computer science --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Architecture --- vormgeving --- computers --- mineralen (chemie) --- simulaties --- architectuur --- mijnbouw --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- computerkunde --- AI (artificiële intelligentie) --- Daylight. --- Computer simulation.
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