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How Genes Influence Behavior takes a personal and lively approach to the study of behavioral genetics, providing an up-to-date and accessible introduction to a variety of approaches and their application to a wide range of disorders, and modeling a critical approach to both methods and results. This second edition includes additional biology content to help students understand the biological foundations of the field, while maintaining an appropriate focus on the main issues of relevance to psychology students; updates coverage of genomic technologies and their applications; and covers a wider range of disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, eating disorders, and intellectual disability. A new final chapter guides students through a range of quantitative approaches using worked examples that relate directly to cases and examples used earlier in the text, and addresses current issues arising from debates around reproducibility
Behaviorism (Psychology) --- Genetics. --- Genomic imprinting. --- Genes. --- Behavior. --- Genetics --- Genomic imprinting --- Genes --- Behavior
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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram negative, halophilic bacterium that occurs in the coastal and estuarine environments worldwide and is implicated in several cases of seafood-born gastroenteritis around the globe. However, not all strains of V. parahaemolyticus are pathogenic. Clinical isolates of V. parahaemolyticus most often produce either the thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) or TDH-related haemolysin (TRH) encoded by tdh and trh genes, respectively. A pandemic clone of O3:K6 which was first detected in Kolkata (India), has been responsible for many outbreaks in Asia and the USA. With the emergence of pandemic clone of V. parahaemolyticus, this organism has assumed significance. Although most of the V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks are invariably related to seafood consumption, pathogenic strains are rarely isolated from seafood. Virulent strains producing TDH or TRH and the pandemic clone, which is responsible for most of the outbreaks (that have occurred after 1996) have been rarely isolated from seafood and other environmental samples. This could be due to the occurrence of pathogenic strains in the estuarine environment at a lower level compared to non-pathogenic strains. Another reason can be that the pathogenic stains are more sensitive to dystropic conditions in the aquatic environment and rapidly become non-culturable. Similarity in growth kinetics between virulent and non-virulent strains also made the isolation of virulent strains from the aquatic environment difficult. Several studies were done to determine the factors responsible for an increased virulence and persistance of pandemic clone. However, none of those studies were conclusive. Several researchers have proposed various genetic markers for specific detection of pandemic clone of V. parahaemolyticus. But many of those genetic markers were found to be unreliable. Recently, seven genomic islands (VPaI-1 to VPaI-7) unique to pandemic clone were identified. This Research Topic is dedicated to improve our current understanding of ecology, pathogenesis and detection of pathogenic and pandemic clone of V. parahaemolyticus, and will also strive to identify areas of future development.
Virulence --- Vibrio parahaemolyticus --- Genomic Islands --- tdh --- trh --- pandemic clone
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This book elucidates the role of microbial genomic islands (GEIs) in genome stability, plasticity, evolutionary adaptation, and pathogenicity in the bacterial population. The initial chapters of the book present tools, including bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, next-generation sequencing, and molecular biology techniques, for the analysis of the genomic islands. The book also discusses the importance of genomic islands in bacterial speciation, acquisition of genes related to resistome, nitrogen fixation, mobilomes, and nutritional fitness and adaptation. It provides recent advances in understanding microbial genomic islands' distribution, evolution, and mechanistic modes of behavior in pathogenic, non-pathogenic, and environmental species. This book is a valuable source for beginners in molecular microbiology, students, researchers, clinicians, stakeholders, and policymakers interested in understanding the role of GEIs in the adaptive evolution of microorganisms.
Microbiology. --- Diseases—Causes and theories of causation. --- Microbial genetics. --- Pathogenesis. --- Microbial Genetics. --- Microorganisms --- Genetics --- Microbiology --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Genome, Microbial. --- Genetics, Microbial. --- Genomic Islands. --- Microbiological Phenomena. --- Microbial Concepts --- Microbial Phenomena --- Microbiologic Concepts --- Microbiological Phenomenon --- Microbiological Process --- Phenomena, Microbiologic --- Microbiologic Phenomena --- Microbiological Processes --- Concept, Microbial --- Concept, Microbiologic --- Concepts, Microbial --- Concepts, Microbiologic --- Microbial Concept --- Microbiologic Concept --- Phenomena, Microbial --- Phenomena, Microbiological --- Phenomenon, Microbiological --- Process, Microbiological --- Processes, Microbiological --- Dysbiosis --- Anchored Genomic Islands --- Genomic Islets --- Pathogenicity Islets --- Symbiosis Islands --- Symbiosis Islets --- Pathogenicity Islands --- Anchored Genomic Island --- Genomic Island --- Genomic Island, Anchored --- Genomic Islands, Anchored --- Genomic Islet --- Island, Anchored Genomic --- Island, Genomic --- Island, Pathogenicity --- Island, Symbiosis --- Islands, Anchored Genomic --- Islands, Genomic --- Islands, Pathogenicity --- Islands, Symbiosis --- Islet, Genomic --- Islet, Pathogenicity --- Islet, Symbiosis --- Islets, Genomic --- Islets, Pathogenicity --- Islets, Symbiosis --- Pathogenicity Island --- Pathogenicity Islet --- Symbiosis Island --- Symbiosis Islet --- Microbial Genetics --- Genetic, Microbial --- Microbial Genetic --- Virus Physiological Phenomena --- Bacterial Physiological Phenomena --- Genome, Microbial --- Genomes, Microbial --- Microbial Genome --- Microbial Genomes --- Genetics, Microbial --- Microbial genomics. --- Genomics --- Microbial genetics
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Genomics --- Biochemistry --- Génomique --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Genomics. --- Biochemistry. --- Life Sciences --- Biology --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Research --- Molecular genetics --- Human Genome Project --- Genome --- Comparative Genomics --- Comparative Genomic --- Genomic, Comparative --- Genomics, Comparative
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Genomics --- Genomics. --- Metabolomics. --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Metabonomics --- Metabolomic --- Metabonomic --- Research --- Molecular genetics --- Nutrigenomics --- Metabolome --- Human Genome Project --- Genome --- Comparative Genomics --- Comparative Genomic --- Genomic, Comparative --- Genomics, Comparative
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Genomic imprinting refers to a recently discovered phenomenon in which the expression pattern of an allele depends on whether that allele was inherited from the mother or the father. This difference in expression strategy correlates with differences in the epigenetic state of the two alleles. These epigenetic differences include DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides, as well as modifications on the histones associated with the locus. In the simplest possible cases, the promoter region of the imprinted gene is methylated during oogenesis, but not spermatogenesis (or vice versa). This methylation (and its accompanying histone modifications) results in inactivation of the modified allele. Of course, most imprinted genes do not fall into this simplest case. The goal of this book is neither to provide a basic introduction to imprinting, nor to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the field (which would necessarily span multiple books). Rather, the book covers on some of the more recent advances, with the goal of drawing attention to some of the emerging subtleties and complexities associated with imprinted genes.
Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Médecine --- Génétique humaine --- Genomic imprinting. --- Genomic imprinting --- Genomic Imprinting --- Epigenesis, Genetic --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Genetic Processes --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Genetics --- Pathology --- Biology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gene imprinting --- Genetic imprinting --- Genome imprinting --- Imprinting, Genomic --- Parental imprinting (Genetics) --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Physicians --- Gene expression
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"Having trained in both the academic and clinical aspects of medicine in addition to the scientific aspects of genetics, the authors are aware of the significant gaps that exist in genetics teaching. This results in: a. Clinicians being devoid of a strong understanding of the fundamentals of genetics and its relevance and applicability to their day-to-day practice; b. Scientists lacking sound training in the clinical applicability of their work, resulting in a challenge in seeing use of genetics in the medical field. Current textbooks do not suitably fill this void, as they place too great an emphasis on either the medical or the scientific aspects of genetics; while a basic understanding of Southern blotting is of course of importance to both clinicians and academics, it has limited benefit when faced with a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the need to answer questions about the clinical management and implications for the patient and their family. Secondly, the truth is that most students and trainees find genetics a complex subject as it has historically been taught using uninspiring and dry texts. This does not need to be the case! Genetics is a fascinating and rapidly evolving field, with growing implications for clinicians in all specialities. With significant public and media interest in genetic screening ? for example through the recently highly publicised case of Angelia Jolie and BRCA screening, or through increasing numbers of firms offering ?genetic profiling? services directly to patients ? clinicians cannot afford to be ignorant to an often overlooked aspect of many of the conditions that they manage in their day-to-day practice. From the academic perspective, scientists need to be able to understand the clinical implications of their work, in order to have more effective conversations with those who translate their work into clinical practice. This requires a firm understanding of the presentation and management of the conditions that they investigate; yet there is no clear text that currently provides this knowledge. It is evident that there is a void, and to marry these two large aspects of genetics, we are proposing this book: a clear, systematic and clinically relevant text that seeks to make clinical genetics an approachable and applicable subject for both clinicians and scientists"--
Genetics, Medical --- Genomic Medicine --- Genetic Diseases, Inborn. --- Génétique médicale. --- Maladies héréditaires. --- methods. --- Medical genetics. --- methods
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Epigenetics in Biological Communication is the first book that integrates Development, Signaling, Context, Genetics and Evolution. Every cell, tissue, organ and organism is competent to use signals to exchange information reaching common coordinations and organisations of both single cell and group behavior. These signal-mediated interactions we term biological communication (biocommunication). The regulatory system that works in development, morphology, cell fate and identity, physiology, genetic instructions, immunity, memory/learning, physical and mental disease depends on epigenetic marks. The communication of cells, persistent viruses and their defectives such as mobile genetic elements and RNA networks ensures both the transport of regulatory instructions and the reprogramming of these instructions. But how are the different states of the epigenome orchestrated? With the emergence of epigenetic memory, organisms can fix historical and context- dependent impressive experiences. Evolution from now on learnt to learn. Learning means organisms can avoid reproduction of always the same. This is key to adaptation. However, inheritance of acquired characteristics is only one of the many examples of the explanatory power of epigenetics. Behavioral epigenetics demonstrates the way in which environmental and social experiences produce individual differences in behavior, cognition, personality, and mental health. This book assembles leading experts to outline the various motifs of epigenetic regulation of cellular life.
Biology --- Genomics. --- Genetics. --- Evolutionary genetics. --- Epigenetics. --- Genomic Analysis. --- Evolutionary Genetics. --- Technique.
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Epigenetics in Biological Communication is the first book that integrates Development, Signaling, Context, Genetics and Evolution. Every cell, tissue, organ and organism is competent to use signals to exchange information reaching common coordinations and organisations of both single cell and group behavior. These signal-mediated interactions we term biological communication (biocommunication). The regulatory system that works in development, morphology, cell fate and identity, physiology, genetic instructions, immunity, memory/learning, physical and mental disease depends on epigenetic marks. The communication of cells, persistent viruses and their defectives such as mobile genetic elements and RNA networks ensures both the transport of regulatory instructions and the reprogramming of these instructions. But how are the different states of the epigenome orchestrated? With the emergence of epigenetic memory, organisms can fix historical and context- dependent impressive experiences. Evolution from now on learnt to learn. Learning means organisms can avoid reproduction of always the same. This is key to adaptation. However, inheritance of acquired characteristics is only one of the many examples of the explanatory power of epigenetics. Behavioral epigenetics demonstrates the way in which environmental and social experiences produce individual differences in behavior, cognition, personality, and mental health. This book assembles leading experts to outline the various motifs of epigenetic regulation of cellular life.
Genetics --- Biotechnology --- genetica --- biotechnologie --- Biology --- Genomics. --- Genetics. --- Evolutionary genetics. --- Epigenetics. --- Genomic Analysis. --- Evolutionary Genetics. --- Technique.
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The book introduces readers to the latest developments in biotechnological methods used for improving the cultivation of silkworms. The text focuses on implementing biotechnological approaches, ranging from basic to advanced techniques, on enhancing silk production, increasing abiotic stress resilience, improving disease tolerance, and developing resistance in silkworm crops. With the current climate crisis and growing demand for high-quality silk, biotechnological applications have become essential in addressing the urgent need to increase silk production. The field of sericulture has made significant breakthroughs, such as identifying DNA markers, linkage association, genome-wide association studies, generating mutants, and introducing transgenic silkworms. Developing silkworms with improved cocoon yield and disease resistance is crucial to boost silk production. The book covers fundamental principles and recent advancements and delves into various methodologies employed inseri-biotechnology for improving silkworm crops. These methodologies include next-generation sequencing for DNA sequencing, using molecular markers to enhance abiotic stress tolerance (specifically high temperature and humidity conditions), expression analysis, RNA interference, gene knockout approaches to bolster disease resistance, and transcriptomics to enhance economically significant parameters such as silk content. The book explains these topics in detail and includes contemporary research appraisals, extensive discussions, and an evaluation of the benefits and risks associated with the use of biotechnological tools. This book serves as an invaluable reference for researchers and academics in biotechnology, molecular biology, and sericulture while also serving as an informative starting point for budding researchers.
Biotechnology. --- Genetic transcription. --- Biology --- Genomics. --- Biology. --- Gene Transcription. --- Biological Techniques. --- Genomic Analysis. --- Biological Sciences. --- Technique.
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