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"Calculations of marginal welfare effects suggest that agricultural development has had important positive effects on national welfare, especially in developing countries. Latin American and Caribbean countries have also benefited from agricultural growth, but nonagricultural production has had marginal welfare effects that are greater in magnitude than those provided by agricultural activities. In contrast, the industrialized, high-income countries experienced marginal welfare gains from nonagricultural activities that are much greater than those derived from agriculture, whose impact is actually negative. These calculations of marginal welfare effects across regions depend on econometric estimates of elasticities linking agricultural and nonagricultural economic activities to four elements in a national welfare function: national GDP per capita, average income of the poorest households within countries, environmental outcomes concerning air and water pollution and deforestation, and macroeconomic volatility. The econometric analyses are motivated by theoretical treatments of key issues. The empirical models are estimated with various econometric techniques that deal with issues of causality and international heterogeneity. This paper--a product of the Office of the Chief Economist, Latin America and the Caribbean Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to study the rural contribution to development"--World Bank web site.
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Islam --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects.
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Agriculture --- Economic aspects --- Aspect économique --- Economic aspects.
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Technological innovations --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects.
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Milk --- Cream --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects. --- Alberta.
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Agriculture --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects. --- China.
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Agriculture --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects. --- India.
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Aeronautics --- Aeronautics. --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects.
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La vigésimo primera edición de las Perspectivas Agrícolas, y la undécima elaborada de manera conjunta con la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), proporciona proyecciones a 2024 para los principales productos básicos agrícolas, los biocombustibles y el pescado. En el informe de 2015 destaca el enfoque especial sobre Brasil. Se prevé que los precios reales de los productos básicos disminuyan en el largo plazo sobre la base de la tendencia de crecimiento en la productividad y en los precios de entrada menores. Brasil está a punto de convertirse en el principal proveedor que atenderá la demanda mundial agregada, que se origina principalmente en Asia. Existe la oportunidad de que los beneficios derivados del crecimiento de Brasil se extiendan a los más pobres y se reduzca la presión sobre los recursos naturales. Contenido Resumen ejecutivo Capítulo 1. Panorama general de las Perspectivas Agrícolas OCDE-FAO 2015-2024 Capítulo 2. Agricultura brasileña: perspectivas y retos Capítulo 3. Resúmenes de los productos básicos.
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