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Recent advances in information technology have brought forth a paradigm shift in science, especially in the biology and medical fields. Statistical methodologies based on high-performance computing and big data analysis are now indispensable for the qualitative and quantitative understanding of experimental results. In fact, the last few decades have witnessed drastic improvements in high-throughput experiments in health science, for example, mass spectrometry, DNA microarray, next generation sequencing, etc. Those methods have been providing massive data involving four major branches of omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). Information about amino acid sequences, protein structures, and molecular structures are fundamental data for the prediction of bioactivity of chemical compounds when screening drugs. On the other hand, cell imaging, clinical imaging, and personal healthcare devices are also providing important data concerning the human body and disease. In parallel, various methods of mathematical modelling such as machine learning have developed rapidly. All of these types of data can be utilized in computational approaches to understand disease mechanisms, diagnosis, prognosis, drug discovery, drug repositioning, disease biomarkers, driver mutations, copy number variations, disease pathways, and much more. In this Special Issue, we have published 8 excellent papers dedicated to a variety of computational problems in the biomedical field from the genomic level to the whole-person physiological level.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- water temperature --- bathing --- ECG --- heart rate variability --- quantitative analysis --- t-test --- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy --- data mining --- automated curation --- molecular mechanisms --- atrial fibrillation --- sudden cardiac death --- heart failure --- left ventricular outflow tract obstruction --- cardiac fibrosis --- myocardial ischemia --- compound–protein interaction --- Jamu --- machine learning --- drug discovery --- herbal medicine --- data augmentation --- deep learning --- ECG quality assessment --- drug–target interactions --- protein–protein interactions --- chronic diseases --- drug repurposing --- maximum flow --- adenosine methylation --- m6A --- RNA modification --- neuronal development --- genetic variation --- copy number variants --- disease-related traits --- sequential order --- association test --- blood pressure --- cuffless measurement --- longitudinal experiment --- plethysmograph --- nonlinear regression --- n/a --- compound-protein interaction --- drug-target interactions --- protein-protein interactions

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This book provides a detailed review of how oncology drug development has changed over the past decade, and serves as a comprehensive guide for the practicalities in setting up phase I trials. The book covers strategies to accelerate the development of novel antitumor compounds from the laboratory to clinical trials and beyond through the use of innovative mechanism-of-action pharmacodynamic biomarkers and pharmacokinetic studies. The reader will learn about all aspects of modern phase I trial designs, including the incorporation of precision medicine strategies, and approaches for rational patient allocation to novel anticancer therapies. Circulating biomarkers to assess mechanisms of response and resistance are changing the way we are assessing patient selection and are also covered in this book. The development of the different classes of antitumor agents are discussed, including chemotherapy, molecularly targeted agents, immunotherapies and also radiotherapy. The authors also discuss the lessons that the oncology field has learnt from the development of hematology-oncology drugs and how such strategies can be carried over into therapies for solid tumors. There is a dedicated chapter that covers the specialized statistical approaches necessary for phase I trial designs, including novel Bayesian strategies for dose escalation. This volume is designed to help clinicians better understand phase I clinical trials, but would also be of use to translational researchers (MDs and PhDs), and drug developers from academia and industry interested in cancer drug development. It could also be of use to phase I trial study coordinators, oncology nurses and advanced practice providers. Other health professionals interested in the treatment of cancer will also find this book of great value. .

Oncology  . --- Radiotherapy. --- Oncology. --- Radiation therapy --- Electrotherapeutics --- Hospitals --- Medical electronics --- Medical radiology --- Therapeutics, Physiological --- Phototherapy --- Tumors --- Radiological services --- Antineoplastic agents --- Cancer --- Drug development. --- Design. --- Chemotherapy. --- Development of drugs --- Drugs --- New drug development --- Pharmacology --- Pharmacy --- Anticancer agents --- Antineoplastic drugs --- Antineoplastics --- Antitumor agents --- Antitumor drugs --- Cytotoxic drugs --- Inhibitors, Neoplasm --- Neoplasm inhibitors --- Development --- Treatment --- Chemotherapy --- Antineoplastic Agents. --- Drug Development. --- Neoplasms --- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic. --- drug therapy. --- Clinical Trials, Phase 1 --- Drug Evaluation, FDA Phase 1 --- Drug Evaluation, FDA Phase I as Topic --- Evaluation Studies, FDA Phase 1 --- Human Microdosing Trials --- Microdosing Trials, Human --- Phase 1 Clinical Trials --- Clinical Trials, Phase I --- Drug Evaluation, FDA Phase I --- Evaluation Studies, FDA Phase I --- Human Microdosing Trial --- Phase 1 Clinical Trial --- Phase I Clinical Trial --- Phase I Clinical Trials --- Microdosing Trial, Human --- Trial, Human Microdosing --- Trials, Human Microdosing --- Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation --- Medication Development --- Pharmaceutical Development --- Computational Prediction of Drug-Target Interactions --- Drug Target Prediction --- Development, Drug --- Development, Medication --- Development, Pharmaceutical --- Drug Target Predictions --- Prediction, Drug Target --- Target Prediction, Drug --- Anticancer Agents --- Antineoplastic Drugs --- Antitumor Agents --- Antitumor Drugs --- Cancer Chemotherapy Agents --- Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs --- Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Agents --- Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Drug --- Anticancer Agent --- Antineoplastic --- Antineoplastic Agent --- Antineoplastic Drug --- Antitumor Agent --- Antitumor Drug --- Cancer Chemotherapy Agent --- Cancer Chemotherapy Drug --- Agent, Anticancer --- Agent, Antineoplastic --- Agent, Antitumor --- Agent, Cancer Chemotherapy --- Agents, Anticancer --- Agents, Antineoplastic --- Agents, Antitumor --- Agents, Cancer Chemotherapy --- Agents, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer --- Chemotherapy Agent, Cancer --- Chemotherapy Agents, Cancer --- Chemotherapy Drug, Cancer --- Chemotherapy Drugs, Cancer --- Drug, Antineoplastic --- Drug, Antitumor --- Drug, Cancer Chemotherapy --- Drug, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer --- Drugs, Antineoplastic --- Drugs, Antitumor --- Drugs, Cancer Chemotherapy --- Cytotoxins --- Interferon Inducers --- Anticarcinogenic Agents