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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Oceanography (seas) --- perceptions --- marine resource use --- qualitative research --- decision-making process --- Coastal communities --- community-based marine management --- Stakeholder interactions

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The thesis deals with the question of why no international legally binding instrument for forest policy exists so far. The thesis shows that the problem definition presents a form of control for the decision making process and for the problem solution. Therefore, it is demonstrated how locations, reports and non-human objects are related to the development of international forest policy within United Nations. In the development of international forest policy, the policy problem was framed as "deforestation and degradation of tropical forests". In the second phase of policy formulation, the "deforestation and degradation of all forests" moves to the centre of interests. The thesis analyses furthermore the formation of meaning of the policy narratives that are intertwined with international forest policy. The identification of global environmental discourses that transfer a certain kind of meaning of policy and of problem solution, that operate with discursive practices and technologies of power, and that use retorical devices, allows to show which rules and practices influence how natural resource policy arises. In this way it can be shown how policy problems come into being and how they are understood. Furthermore, it allows identifying policy change in a non-decision-making process. Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage warum kein international rechtlich verbindliches Instrument zur Frage der Waldpolitik verabschiedet wurde. Sie zeigt wie die Definition des Politikproblems eine Form der Kontrolle für den Entscheidungsfindungsprozess und die damit verbundene Problemlösung darstellt. Folglich wird demonstriert wie Orte, Berichte und nicht-menschliche Objekte mit der Entstehung der internationalen Waldpolitik im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen verbunden sind. Während in der Entstehungsphase der internationalen Waldpolitik das eigentliche Politikproblem als "Entwaldung und Degradierung des Tropenwaldes" verstanden wird, rückt in der zweiten Phase der Politikformulierung die "Entwaldung und Degradierung aller Wälder" in den Blickpunkt des internationalen Interesses. Weiters legt die Arbeit die bedeutungsbildenden Elemente der Policy-Narrative, die mit der internationalen Waldpolitik verwoben sind, offen. Die Identifikation von globalen Umweltdiskursen, die ein bestimmtes Politik- bzw. Problemlösungsverständnis transportieren, die mittels diskursiver Praktiken und Machttechnologien operieren und die rhetorische Mittel - wie z.B. die apokalyptische Vorstellung der Übernutzung - zum Einsatz bringen, erlaubt zu erkennen, welche Regeln und Praktiken sich auf die Art und Weise, wie die Politik der natürlichen Ressourcen entsteht, auswirken. Sie zeigt, wie Policy-Probleme entstehen und wie sie verstanden werden und erlaubt Policy-Wandel, der sich in einer Nicht-Entscheidung vollzieht, zu identifizieren. Der Rolle der Sprache wird folglich besondere Aufmerksamkeit zuteil.

Forest conservation --- Forest management --- International cooperation. --- Political aspects. --- international forest policy --- deforestation and degradation of tropical forests --- global environmental discourses --- policy change in a non-decision-making process --- Politikwandel --- internationale Waldpolitik --- Nicht-Entscheidungsfindungsprozess --- Völkerrechtsinstrument --- Diskursanalyse --- Natürliche Ressource --- Vereinte Nationen --- Waldforum der Vereinten Nationen

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This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on construction project management. It presents research papers and practice-oriented papers. The execution of construction projects is specific and particularly difficult because each implementation is a unique, complex, and dynamic process that consists of several or more subprocesses that are related to each other, in which various aspects of the investment process participate. Therefore, there is still a vital need to study, research, and conclude the engineering technology and management applied in construction projects. This book present unanimous research approach is a result of many years of studies, conducted by 35 well experienced authors. The common subject of research concerns the development of methods and tools for modeling multi-criteria processes in construction engineering.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- earned value method—EVM --- time variances --- cost variances --- schedule --- cadastre --- land surveyor --- construction surveying --- building layout --- polar coordinates --- stake-out methods --- total station --- construction reports --- construction contracts --- natural language processing --- machine learning --- simulation modeling --- bridge expansion and contraction installation (BECI) --- decision making (DM) --- technical condition assessment --- analytic hierarchy process (AHP) --- whale optimization algorithm --- Tent chaotic mapping --- Lévy flight --- resilience --- baseline schedule --- uncertainty --- taxonomy --- construction project --- PERT --- theory of constraint (TOC) --- drum-buffer-rope (DBR) --- construction schedule --- monitoring progress --- construction phase --- automated monitoring --- digital tools --- as-built --- as-planned --- efficiency --- risk --- randomization --- association analysis --- tabu search --- delay --- time schedules --- project risk --- construction project management --- Time-at-Risk (TaR) --- investment-construction process model --- Monte Carlo simulation --- decision-making process --- decision modelling in construction activities --- decisions in civil engineering --- liquid cooling system --- flow calibration --- differential pressure --- experimental method --- aircraft --- building information modelling (BIM) --- automatisation --- facilities design --- domestic plumbing and sanitation --- management --- project cost --- investment schedule --- risk mitigation --- randomness --- fuzziness --- health and safety control

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This book is a collection of papers for the Special Issue “Quantitative Methods for Economics and Finance” of the journal Mathematics. This Special Issue reflects on the latest developments in different fields of economics and finance where mathematics plays a significant role. The book gathers 19 papers on topics such as volatility clusters and volatility dynamic, forecasting, stocks, indexes, cryptocurrencies and commodities, trade agreements, the relationship between volume and price, trading strategies, efficiency, regression, utility models, fraud prediction, or intertemporal choice.

Coins, banknotes, medals, seals (numismatics) --- academic cheating --- tax evasion --- informality --- pairs trading --- hurst exponent --- financial markets --- long memory --- co-movement --- cointegration --- risk --- delay --- decision-making process --- probability --- discount --- detection --- mean square error --- multicollinearity --- raise regression --- variance inflation factor --- derivation --- intertemporal choice --- decreasing impatience --- elasticity --- GARCH --- EGARCH --- VaR --- historical simulation approach --- peaks-over-threshold --- EVT --- student t-copula --- generalized Pareto distribution --- centered model --- noncentered model --- intercept --- essential multicollinearity --- nonessential multicollinearity --- commodity prices --- futures prices --- number of factors --- eigenvalues --- volatility cluster --- Hurst exponent --- FD4 approach --- volatility series --- probability of volatility cluster --- S&amp --- P500 --- Bitcoin --- Ethereum --- Ripple --- bitcoin --- deep learning --- deep recurrent convolutional neural networks --- forecasting --- asset pricing --- financial distress prediction --- unconstrained distributed lag model --- multiple periods --- Chinese listed companies --- cash flow management --- corporate prudential risk --- the financial accelerator --- financial distress --- induced risk aversion --- liquidity constraints --- liquidity risk --- macroeconomic propagation --- multiperiod financial management --- non-linear macroeconomic modelling --- Tobin’s q --- precautionary savings --- pharmaceutical industry --- scale economies --- profitability --- biotechnological firms --- non-parametric efficiency --- productivity --- DEA --- dispersion trading --- option arbitrage --- volatility trading --- correlation risk premium --- econometrics --- computational finance --- ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) --- autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) --- support vector regression (SVR) --- genetic algorithm (GA) --- energy consumption --- cryptocurrency --- gold --- P 500 --- DCC --- copula --- copulas --- Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation --- local optima vs. local minima --- SRA approach --- foreign direct investment --- bilateral investment treaties --- regional trade agreements --- structural gravity model --- policy uncertainty --- stock prices --- dynamically simulated autoregressive distributed lag (DYS-ARDL) --- threshold regression --- United States

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In a similar way to many other engineering fields, the road pavement industry strongly affects the critical issues of our generation, including climate change, pollutant emission, the exploitation of natural resources and economic crises. For this reason, technicians and researchers are searching ravenously for sustainable solutions to implement in current road construction systems with the following goals: To reduce the consumption of energy and virgin materials; To run environmentally and economically friendly maintenance; To recycle waste from different industrial processes; To decrease the noise, the pollution and the heat generated by traffic, particularly in urban contexts. This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality studies that combine the aforementioned solutions, including works pertaining to: The hot, warm, and cold recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement; Marginal materials for asphalt pavements; Innovative sustainable materials; Durability and environmental aspects; Structure performance, modeling and design; Advanced trends in rehabilitation and preservation; Surface characteristics and road safety; Management system/life cycle analysis; Urban heat island mitigation; Energy harvesting.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- porous concrete --- metakaolin --- geopolymers --- permeable pavements --- urban drainage systems --- maintenance --- reinforced asphalt pavement --- geogrid --- interlayer bonding --- static shear test --- cyclic shear test --- fatigue properties --- warm mix asphalt --- natural zeolite --- gas emissions --- energy consumption --- production costs --- bituminous mixtures --- nano-additives --- nanoclay --- carbon nanotubes --- graphene nanoplatelets --- nano-calcium oxide --- nano-titanium dioxide --- sonication --- fatigue performance --- self-healing --- hot-mix asphalt --- ageing --- cooling --- temperature segregation --- hauling --- insulated truck --- re-heating --- contact stresses --- rolling resistance --- braking --- free rolling --- load --- inflation pressure --- speed --- porosity --- permeability coefficients --- mixing ratio --- aggregate size --- compressive strength --- computed tomography (CT) image --- ex-post CBA --- road modernisation --- incidence of traffic accidents --- decision-making process --- life cycle assessment --- waste management --- circular economy --- alternative materials --- construction --- road stabilisation --- bearing capacity --- unbound base course --- cold central-plant recycled base course --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD), cold recycling in-plant --- bitumen --- aging --- rejuvenation --- reclaimed asphalt --- recycling --- coal bottom ash --- waste material --- recycle --- construction industry --- civil engineering --- bitumen selection --- performance-graded bitumen --- asphalt pavement temperatures --- temperature maps --- n/a