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"This book describes the journey of Singapore's development and the fundamental role that water has had in shaping it. What makes this case so unique is that the quest for self-sufficiency in terms of water availability in a fast-changing urban context has been crucial to the way development policies and agendas have been planned throughout the years"--
water supply systems --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- sustainable development --- water resources --- Singapore --- Municipal water supply --- Water-supply --- Water resources development --- Eau --- Ressources en eau --- Approvisionnement urbain --- Approvisionnement --- Exploitation
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This open access book reports on methods and technologies to describe, evaluate and control uncertainty in mechanical engineering applications. It brings together contributions by engineers, mathematicians and legal experts, offering a multidisciplinary perspective on the main issues affecting uncertainty throughout the complete system lifetime, which includes process and product planning, development, production and usage. The book is based on the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uncertainty in Mechanical Engineering (ICUME 2021), organized by the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 805 of the TU Darmstadt, and held online on June 7–8, 2021. All in all, it offers a timely resource for researchers, graduate students and practitioners in the field of mechanical engineering, production engineering and engineering optimization.
Technical design --- Statistical physics --- Cybernetics & systems theory --- Production engineering --- Engineering Design --- Complex Systems --- Complexity --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes --- Applied Dynamical Systems --- Machines, Tools, Processes --- Open Access Book --- Mastering Uncertainty by Digitalization --- Uncertainty in Manufacturing and Production --- Resilient Technical Systems --- Uncertainty Quantification --- Optimization Under Uncertainty --- Model Uncertainty --- Computer-Aided Design (CAD) --- Uncertain Operating Conditions --- Topology Optimization for Additive Manufacturing --- Predicting Vibroacoustic Behavior --- Uncertainty in Finite Element Models --- Imprecision in Data/Models --- Legal Uncertainty of Autonomous Systems --- Resilient Water Supply Systems --- Designing Technical Systems --- Collaborative Research Centre 805 --- SFB 805 --- Dynamics & statics
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This paper reviews various applications of cooperative game theory (CGT) to issues of water resources. With an increase in the competition over various water resources, the incidents of disputes have been in the center of allocation agreements. The paper reviews the cases of various water uses, such as multi-objective water projects, irrigation, groundwater, hydropower, urban water supply, wastewater, and transboundary water disputes. In addition to providing examples of cooperative solutions to allocation problems, the conclusion from this review suggests that cooperation over scarce water resources is possible under a variety of physical conditions and institutional arrangements. In particular, the various approaches for cost sharing and for allocation of physical water infrastructure and flow can serve as a basis for stable and efficient agreement, such that long-term investments in water projects are profitable and sustainable. The latter point is especially important, given recent developments in water policy in various countries and regional institutions such as the European Union (Water Framework Directive), calling for full cost recovery of investments and operation and maintenance in water projects. The CGT approaches discussed and demonstrated in this paper can provide a solid basis for finding possible and stable cost-sharing arrangements.
Cost Recovery --- Cost Sharing --- Economic Theory and Research --- Environment --- Environmental Economics and Policies --- Industry --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Marginal Cost --- Municipalities --- Public Works --- Sanitation and Sewerage --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Urban Water --- Urban Water Supply --- Wastewater Treatment --- Water --- Water and Industry --- Water Conservation --- Water Consumption --- Water Infrastructure --- Water Law --- Water Policy --- Water Projects --- Water Resource --- Water Resources --- Water Rights --- Water Sector --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions --- Water Supply and Systems --- Water Supply Facilities --- Water Supply System --- Water Supply Systems
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