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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Science: general issues --- Botany & plant sciences --- Plant Proteases --- Protease Inhibitors --- Protease Substrates --- Proteolysis --- Protein Turnover
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Virus inhibitors --- Virus diseases --- Antiviral agents --- Virus Inhibitors --- Virus Diseases --- Antiviral Agents --- immunology --- Antiviral Agents. --- Virus research --- Agents antiviraux --- Antiviraux --- Maladies à virus --- Virus --- Antiviral agents. --- Virus diseases. --- Virus inhibitors. --- immunology. --- Périodiques. --- Inhibiteurs --- Immunologie --- Antiviruses --- Viral diseases --- Viral infections --- Virus infections --- Antiviral drugs --- Antivirals --- Antiviral Drugs --- Agents, Antiviral --- Drugs, Antiviral --- Viruses --- Communicable diseases --- Medical virology --- Pathogenic viruses --- Anti-infective agents --- Interferon Inducers --- Virus Inactivation --- Chemotherapy --- Antiviral --- Antiviral Agent --- Antiviral Drug --- Agent, Antiviral --- Drug, Antiviral --- Virus Diseases. --- Viral Diseases --- Viral Infections --- Virus Infections --- Disease, Viral --- Disease, Virus --- Diseases, Viral --- Diseases, Virus --- Infection, Viral --- Infection, Virus --- Infections, Viral --- Infections, Virus --- Viral Disease --- Viral Infection --- Virus Disease --- Virus Infection --- Antiviraux. --- Periodicals. --- Viral Protease Inhibitors. --- Inhibitor of Viral Protease --- Virus Protease Inhibitors --- Inhibitors, Viral Protease --- Inhibitors, Virus Protease --- Protease Inhibitor, Viral --- Protease Inhibitors, Viral --- Protease Inhibitors, Virus --- Viral Protease Inhibitor --- Viral Proteases --- antagonists & inhibitors --- Viral Inactivation --- Inactivation, Viral --- Inactivation, Virus --- Maladies à virus --- Périodiques. --- Viral Protease Inhibitors
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The 8th volume in the Proteases in Biology and Disease series focuses on the role of proteases in virus function and their potential as anti-viral targets. Viral infections are still difficult to threat and some remained life-threatening diseases in spite of antiviral drug research over decades. Proteases are still regarded as an Achilles’ heel of the pathogens and, thus, protease inhibitors may help to handle the known and the emerging viral threads. The book discusses viral proteases of the most important pathogenic viruses, responsible for severe diseases: AIDS, SARS, Hepatitis, Cytomegalovirus, T-cell lymphotropic virus, Picornavirus. This book focuses specifically on the viral proteases, crucial prerequisites for viral entry into cells and viral replication. Viral proteases represent an important pharmaceutical target. The current stage of protease inhibitor development and therapy are summarised and discussed by experts in the field. This volume represents a timely and valuable continuation of the Proteases in Biology and Disease series. The reader will learn the potential for proteases as targets for effective anti-virals. This book will be a valuable source of information on viral proteases and provoke further research in this important field.
Virus inhibitors. --- Virus inhibitors --- Peptide Hydrolases --- Antiviral Agents --- Protease Inhibitors --- Viruses --- Organisms --- Anti-Infective Agents --- Hydrolases --- Enzyme Inhibitors --- Therapeutic Uses --- Enzymes --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Protease inhibitors. --- Proteolytic enzymes. --- Peptide hydrolases --- Proteases --- Proteolytic enzyme inhibitors --- Proteolytic enzymes --- Inhibitors --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Virology. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Infectious diseases. --- Biomedicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Biomedicine general. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Microbiology --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Chemistry --- Enzyme inhibitors --- Microbiology. --- Medical virology. --- Biochemistry. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Composition --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.
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Proteases are everywhere from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, from virus to bacteria and in all human tissues, playing a role in many biological functions. Among these functions, the inflammatory reaction is of particular interest. In inflamed tissues, proteases can have a microbial and/or host origin and are involved not only in tissue remodeling, but also in specific signaling to resident or inflammatory cells, thereby contributing to the innate immune response. This volume presents all advances in our knowledge of the role proteases and their inhibitors play in various diseases associated with inflammatory response. Mechanisms involved in protease signaling to cells are presented, and the different types of proteases that are present at inflammatory sites and their effects on the course of inflammation are discussed. Finally, the evidence for considering proteases and their receptors as potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions in the treatment of inflammatory diseases is discussed in the context of specific organ inflammatory pathologies (the lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, joints, etc.).
Bones -- Cancer -- Treatment. --- Bones -- Cancer. --- Protease inhibitors --- Enzyme Inhibitors --- Proteins --- Medicine --- Pathologic Processes --- Receptors, Cell Surface --- Hydrolases --- Enzymes --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Health Occupations --- Membrane Proteins --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Diseases --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Peptide Hydrolases --- Receptors, Proteinase-Activated --- Protease Inhibitors --- Pathology --- Carrier Proteins --- Inflammation --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Therapeutic use --- Proteolytic enzymes. --- Peptide hydrolases --- Proteases --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Infectious diseases. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cell Biology. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Cytology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology
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“AIDS is kind of like life, just speeded up. ” JavonP. ,heroin addict with AIDS, Bronx, New York, 1988 “Now I’m not so much scared of dying as scared of living. ” Mike D. , heroin addict with AIDS, New Haven, Connecticut, 1998 Within little more than a decade, AIDS has been transformed from an untreatable, rapidly fatal illness, into a manageable, chronic disease. Most of this transformation has occurred in the past five years, accelerated by the advent of protease inhibitors and the proven benefits of combination antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis against opportunistic infections. For people living with HIV/AIDS, these developments have offered unprecedented hope, and also new challenges. As reflected in the quotes above, some of the anxieties and anticipation of premature dying have been replaced by the uncertainties involved in living with a long-term, unpredictable illness. The role of caregivers for people with HIV/AIDS has also changed radically over this time. Earlier in the epidemic, we learned to accompany patients through illness, to bear witness, to advocate, to address issues of death, dying, and bereavement. The arrival of more effective therapy has brought with it new capabilities, but also new complexities, raising difficult problems concerning access to care, adherence, and toxicity.
AIDS (Disease) --- Chemotherapy, Combination --- Patient compliance. --- Protease inhibitors --- Chemotherapy --- Psychological aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Therapeutic use --- AIDS (Disease) -- Chemotherapy -- Psychological aspects. --- AIDS (Disease) -- Chemotherapy -- Social aspects. --- Chemotherapy, Combination -- Social aspects. --- Protease inhibitors -- Therapeutic use -- Social aspects. --- Medicine. --- Public health. --- Health promotion. --- Infectious diseases. --- Health psychology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Public Health. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Health Psychology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Psychology, clinical. --- Health psychology --- Health psychology, Clinical --- Psychology, Clinical health --- Psychology, Health --- Salutogenesis --- Clinical psychology --- Medicine and psychology --- Health promotion programs --- Health promotion services --- Promotion of health --- Wellness programs --- Preventive health services --- Health education --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation
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The book explores cutting-edge strategies to overcome proteasome inhibitor resistance, including the second generation 20S proteasome inhibitors, novel combinational therapies, and new targets in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (e.g., ubiquitin E3 ligases, deubiquitinases, 19S proteasomal ATPases, histone deacetylases, oxidative stress and proteotoxic stress pathways and pharmacogenomic signature profiling) in resistant cancer cells. The mechanisms of action and resistance of proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib and carfilzomib in human cancers, including multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, acute leukemia, and solid tumors are explored in depth in this volume. This timely volume unveils the most current discoveries of the mechanisms behind proteasome inhibitor resistance, which will help illuminate the future of cancer therapies.
Protease inhibitors --- Cancer --- Therapeutic use. --- Chemotherapy. --- Antineoplastic agents --- Proteolytic enzyme inhibitors --- Proteolytic enzymes --- Enzyme inhibitors --- Treatment --- Inhibitors --- Oncology. --- Drug interactions. --- Toxicology. --- Medicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Drug Resistance. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Interactions, Drug --- Drugs --- Tumors --- Toxicology --- Side effects --- Health Workforce --- Cancer research. --- Drug resistance. --- Pharmacology. --- Molecular biology. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Resistance to drugs --- Cancer research --- Physiological effect
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This book contains chapters written by experts in the field of the ubiquitin proteasome system and cancer. The authors have summarized current information on ubiquitin ligases and proteasomes as potential targets for cancer therapy. Topics covered in the book include an overview of ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitinating enzymes, and the proteasome. Specific diseases resulting from deregulated ubiquitin ligases, such as Von-Hippel-Lindau disease and Fanconi anemia are also discussed. Finally, novel approaches and drugs to target proteins involved in sumoylation, ubiquitination, and degradation are described.
Cancer -- Treatment. --- Protein drugs. --- Protein engineering. --- Recombinant proteins -- Therapeutic use. --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Ubiquitins --- Diseases --- Enzyme Inhibitors --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Neoplasms --- Protease Inhibitors --- Ubiquitin --- Proteins --- Medicine --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Oncology --- Cancer --- Treatment. --- Protein pharmaceuticals --- Cancer therapy --- Cancer treatment --- Therapy --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human genetics. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Biochemistry. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Human Genetics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Drugs --- Oncology. --- Microbiology. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Tumors --- Composition --- Cancer research
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Angiotensin II --- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors --- Brain --- Central nervous system --- Cerebrovascular Circulation --- Renin-Angiotensin System --- Angiotensin-converting enzyme --- Hypertension --- Hypertension artérielle --- therapeutic use --- blood supply --- Drug effects --- drug effects --- Inhibitors --- Chemotherapy --- Chimiothérapie --- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. --- Hypertension artérielle --- Chimiothérapie --- Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors --- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Antagonists --- Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme --- Antagonists, Kininase II --- Inhibitors, ACE --- Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme --- Inhibitors, Kininase II --- Kininase II Antagonists --- ACE Inhibitors --- Kininase II Inhibitors --- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Antagonists --- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors --- Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors --- Antagonists, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme --- Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting --- Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting --- Inhibitors, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme --- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A --- Antihypertensive Agents --- Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers --- ACE inhibitors --- Hypotensive agents --- Protease inhibitors --- antagonists & inhibitors --- Central Nervous System --- Renin-Angiotensin System. --- therapeutic use. --- blood supply. --- drug effects. --- ACE Inhibitor --- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor --- Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor --- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor --- Kininase II Inhibitor --- Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitor --- Enzyme Inhibitor, Angiotensin-Converting --- II Inhibitor, Kininase --- Inhibitor, ACE --- Inhibitor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme --- Inhibitor, Kininase II
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Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the second most common type of blood cancer, resulting from an overproduction of cancerous infection-fighting white blood cells, known as plasma cells. Plasma cells are a crucial part of the immune system responsible for the production of antibodies. Bortezomib is a promising anticancer drug targeting the proteasome. This proteasome inhibitor induces cell stress and apoptosis in the cancer cells. While multiple mechanisms are likely to be involved, proteasome inhibition may prevent the degradation of pro-apoptotic factors, permitting activation of programmed cell death in neoplastic cells dependent upon the suppression of proapoptotic pathways. This monograph on bortezomib is a valuable source of information for researchers and clinicians from the fields of oncology and pharmacology, working either in academia or the pharmaceutical industry.
Antineoplastic agents. --- Multiple myeloma -- Chemotherapy. --- Multiple myeloma -- Treatment. --- Multiple myeloma --- Antineoplastic agents --- Hemostatic Disorders --- Boron Compounds --- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring --- Paraproteinemias --- Acids, Noncarboxylic --- Lymphoproliferative Disorders --- Peptide Hydrolases --- Therapeutics --- Therapeutic Uses --- Neoplasms, Plasma Cell --- Enzyme Inhibitors --- Multienzyme Complexes --- Enzymes --- Hydrolases --- Blood Protein Disorders --- Organic Chemicals --- Heterocyclic Compounds --- Acids --- Immunoproliferative Disorders --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Hemorrhagic Disorders --- Multiprotein Complexes --- Vascular Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Inorganic Chemicals --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Neoplasms by Histologic Type --- Boronic Acids --- Multiple Myeloma --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Drug Therapy --- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex --- Protease Inhibitors --- Pyrazines --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Immune System Diseases --- Hematologic Diseases --- Macromolecular Substances --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Neoplasms --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Diseases --- Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Treatment --- Chemotherapy --- Treatment. --- Chemotherapy. --- Anticancer agents --- Antineoplastic drugs --- Antineoplastics --- Antitumor agents --- Antitumor drugs --- Cytotoxic drugs --- Inhibitors, Neoplasm --- Neoplasm inhibitors --- Kahler's disease --- Plasma cell myeloma --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology. --- Oncology. --- Apoptosis. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Cancer Research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Drugs --- Cancer --- B cells --- Monoclonal gammopathies --- Plasmacytoma --- Tumors --- Oncology . --- Toxicology. --- Cytology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology --- Cell death --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research --- Physiological effect
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Human milk is uniquely tailored to meet infants’ specific nutritional requirements. However, it is more than just “milk”. This dynamic and bioactive fluid allows mother–infant signalling over lactation, guiding the infant in the developmental and physiological processes. It exerts protection and life-long biological effects, playing a crucial role in promoting healthy growth and optimal cognitive development. The latest scientific advances have provided insight into different components of human milk and their dynamic changes over time. However, the complexity of human milk composition and the synergistic mechanisms responsible for its beneficial health effects have not yet been unravelled. Filling this knowledge gap will shed light on the biology of the developing infant and will contribute to the optimization of infant feeding, particularly that of the most vulnerable infants. Greater understanding of human milk will also help in elucidating the best strategies for its storage and handling. The increasing knowledge on human milk’s bioactive compounds together with the rapidly-advancing technological achievements will greatly enhance their use as prophylactic or therapeutic agents. The current Special Issue aims to welcome original works and literature reviews further exploring the complexity of human milk composition, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects associated with breastfeeding, and the factors and determinants involved in lactation, including its promotion and support.
high pressure processing --- n/a --- lipids --- supplementation --- protective factors --- infant --- carbohydrate --- mothers --- antioxidant capacity --- protein --- fat --- cytokines --- bioactive factors --- late preterm --- zinc --- infants --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- pregnancy --- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) --- Lipidomics --- magnesium --- omega-3 fatty acids --- vitamin D deficiency --- flow injection analysis --- human milk benefits --- multiple source method --- 3?-sialyllactose (3?SL) --- milk banking --- milk group --- pasteurization --- video instruction --- Milk Fat Globule Membrane --- bile salt stimulated lipase --- breastfeeding difficulties --- breastfeeding support --- prematurity --- carotenoids --- hormones --- phosphocholine --- amino acids --- targeted metabolomics --- high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) --- choline --- selenium --- ?-linolenic acid --- arachidonic acid (ARA) --- docosahexaenoic acid --- human milk fortification --- protease inhibitors --- celiac disease --- copper --- term --- adipokines --- iodine --- mammary gland --- nutritional status --- food frequency questionnaire --- neonate --- early breastfeeding cessation --- prospective study --- breastfeeding --- mothers’ own milk --- disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) --- country --- lactating women --- undernourishment --- proteases --- preterm --- expressing --- dietary assessment --- retinol --- body composition --- duration of lactation --- passive immunization --- 2?-fucosyllactose (2?FL) --- phosphorus --- clinical trial --- growth factors --- infant formula --- digestive tract --- human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) --- sodium --- nutrition --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- lipid metabolites --- lactation --- nervonic acid --- ?-tocopherol --- macronutrients --- glycoprotein --- term infant --- term infants --- maternal diet --- promotion of breastfeeding --- potassium --- antioxidants --- maternal immunoglobulins --- Human Milk --- human milk --- Phospholipids --- flu vaccine --- lactational stage --- lactose --- storage --- dietary intake --- Preterm infant --- immune-active proteins --- colostrum --- human milk fat --- inadequate intake --- milk therapy --- endogenous peptide --- calcium --- fatty acids --- breast milk --- pumping --- secretor --- LC-MS --- n-9 fatty acid --- Lewis --- donor human milk --- antenatal --- online --- iron --- growth --- donor milk --- mothers' own milk
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