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Las percepciones y los discursos sobre la indianidad marcan un recorrido tan complejo como la evolución de la historia occidental y sus relaciones con América durante cinco siglos. Esos imaginarios -como toda representación colectiva- se han conformado cual amalgamas del ’sentido común’ propio de cada gran periodo histórico de la expansión de los europeos. Estos discursos se han nutrido de las prácticas del sometimiento de los indios, que luego fueron nombrados como indígenas, aborígenes, hasta llegar a los escenarios actuales en que los poderes y las sociedades no-indígenas deben enfrentarla reivindicación del reconocimiento de los pueblos originarios; esto es, en lo fundamental, deben responder ante los derechos colectivos’ formulados y reclamados por tos movimientos indígenas contemporáneos sobre la base de su larga resistencia con el fin de afirmar y reconformar su identidad. En conjunto de cinco ensayos aquí reunidos corresponden a una larga reflexión sobre la condición y realidad mapuche en nuestro país. Todos comparten un contrapunto con la historia, con distintos momentos de nuestra vida política, desde los albores del Estado-nación hasta épocas más actuales, en la perspectiva de augurar cambios y reconocimientos largamente desconocidos.

History --- Cono Sur --- historia diplomática --- relaciones internacionales --- límites y fronteras --- nation --- Mapuche population --- recognition of rights --- indigenous political action

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Lobbying --- Pressure groups --- Political action committees --- Business and politics --- Lobbying --- Groupes de pression --- Comités d'action politique --- Affaires et politique

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Copyright --- Pressure groups --- Advocacy groups --- Interest groups --- Political interest groups --- Special interest groups (Pressure groups) --- Functional representation --- Political science --- Representative government and representation --- Lobbying --- Policy networks --- Political action committees --- Social control

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India's vibrant civil society sector has become a powerful symbol of political participation in the country. It comprises a wealth of media organizations, caste and religion based associations, farmers groups, labor unions, social service organizations, and an almost limitless number of development organizations. Given this vibrancy, it is difficult to grasp the characteristics of civil society at the transnational or even the national level. Delving beneath the progressive surface to the local level, one finds a murky and multifaceted world of competing interests, compromises, uneasy alliances and erratic victories. The Politics of Collective Advocacy in India critically examines the enormous gap between the ways collective action in India is studied and the ways it operates "on the ground". It identifies what influences the relative success or failure of different movements; the tools activists use to overcome obstacles; the traps that derail efforts to frame, politicize, and act on certain issues and assumptions about particular forms of action. The authors synthesize the experiences of a number of organizations and movements to identify the most effective tools that civil society actors at all levels can use to achieve positive social change.

Pressure groups --- Political activists --- Groupes de pression --- Activistes --- Activists, Political --- Advocacy groups --- Interest groups --- Political interest groups --- Special interest groups (Pressure groups) --- Political participation --- Functional representation --- Political science --- Representative government and representation --- Lobbying --- Policy networks --- Political action committees --- Social control --- Persons

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Industrial relations --- Labor --- Pressure groups --- Advocacy groups --- Interest groups --- Political interest groups --- Special interest groups (Pressure groups) --- Functional representation --- Political science --- Representative government and representation --- Lobbying --- Policy networks --- Political action committees --- Social control --- Relations industrielles --- Travail --- Groupes de pression --- SOCIOLOGIE DES ORGANISATIONS --- GESTION --- CORPORATISME