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Spheromaks are easily formed, self-organized magnetized plasma configurations that have intrigued plasma physicists for over two decades. Sometimes called magnetic vortices, magnetic smoke rings, or plasmoids, spheromaks first attracted attention as a possible controlled thermonuclear plasma confinement scheme, but are now known to have many other applications.This book begins with a review of the basic concepts of magnetohydrodynamics and toroidal magnetic configurations, then provides a detailed exposition of the 3D topological concepts underlying spheromak physics, namely magnetic helicity,
Plasma confinement. --- Magnetohydrodynamics. --- Magnetic reconnection. --- Annihilation, Magnetic field --- Magnetic field annihilation --- Magnetic field line merging --- Merging, Magnetic field line --- Reconnection, Magnetic --- Reconnection (Astronomy) --- Astrophysics --- Geophysics --- Magnetic fields --- Magneto-hydrodynamics --- MHD (Physics) --- Fluid dynamics --- Plasma dynamics --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Containerless processing --- Controlled fusion --- High temperature plasmas --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Plasma confinement --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Magnetic reconnection
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Annual reports --- Plasma confinement --- High temperature plasmas --- Controlled fusion --- Controlled fusion. --- High temperature plasmas. --- Plasma confinement. --- Kakuyūgō Kagaku Kenkyūjo --- Kakuyūgō Kagaku Kenkyūjo. --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Hot plasmas --- Plasmas, High temperature --- Controlled thermonuclear reactions --- Fusion reactions --- Fusion reactions, Controlled --- Nuclear fusion, Controlled --- Thermonuclear reactions, Controlled --- Japan. --- National Institute for Fusion Science --- NIFS --- Shizen Kagaku Kenkyū Kikō. --- 核融合科学技術研究所 --- 核融合科学研究所 --- Containerless processing --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Gases at high temperatures --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Direct energy conversion --- Nuclear fusion --- Nagoya Daigaku. --- Congresses
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This book is based on a series of lectures for an Astrophysics of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) master’s degree in Astrophysics and Cosmology at Padova University. From the cold molecular phase in which stars and planetary systems form, to the very hot coronal gas that surrounds galaxies and galaxy clusters, the ISM is everywhere. Studying its properties is vital for the exploration of virtually any field in astronomy and cosmology. These notes give the student a coherent and accurate mathematical and physical approach, with continuous references to the real ISM in galaxies. The book is divided into three parts. Part One introduces the equations of fluid dynamics for a system at rest and acoustic waves, and then explores the real ISM through the role of thermal conduction and viscosity, concluding with a discussion of shock waves and turbulence. In Part Two, the electromagnetic field is switched on and its role in modulating shock waves and contrasting gravity is studied. Part Three describes dust and its properties, followed by the main stellar sources of energy. The last two chapters respectively address the various components of the ISM and molecular clouds and star formation.
Interstellar matter. --- Materials science. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Interstellar medium --- Astrophysics --- Matter --- Space environment --- Interstellar reddening --- Soft condensed matter. --- Acoustics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Plasma confinement. --- Plasma waves. --- Plasma astrophysics. --- Fluids. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Magnetic and inertial plasma confinement. --- Waves, instabilities and nonlinear plasma dynamics. --- Astrophysical Plasma. --- Astrophysical plasmas --- Plasmas, Astrophysical --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Plasma sound waves --- Acoustic surface waves --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Waves --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Containerless processing --- Controlled fusion --- High temperature plasmas --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Dynamics --- Matter, Soft (Condensed matter) --- Matter, Soft condensed --- Soft matter (Condensed matter) --- Condensed matter --- Complex fluids
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This book provides an introduction and guide to modern advances in charged particle (and antiparticle) confinement by electromagnetic fields. Confinement in different trap geometries, the influence of trap imperfections, classical and quantum mechanical description of the trapped particle motion, different methods of ion cooling to low temperatures, and non-neutral plasma properties (including Coulomb crystals) are the main subjects. They form the basis of such applications of charged particle traps as high-resolution optical and microwave spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, atomic clocks, and, potentially, quantum computing.
Plasma confinement. --- Electromagnetic fields. --- Trapped ions. --- Laser cooling. --- Cooling --- Ion trapping --- Ionic trapping --- Trapping of ions --- Ionic mobility --- Ions --- Fields, Electromagnetic --- Magnetic fields --- Electric fields --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Containerless processing --- Controlled fusion --- High temperature plasmas --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Mechanics. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Nuclear Energy. --- Particle and Nuclear Physics. --- Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interaction. --- Plasma Physics. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Nuclear energy. --- Nuclear physics. --- Atoms. --- Physics. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Atomic energy --- Atomic power --- Energy, Atomic --- Energy, Nuclear --- Nuclear power --- Power, Atomic --- Power, Nuclear --- Force and energy --- Nuclear physics --- Power resources --- Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear power plants --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Constitution
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Stability and Transport in Magnetic Confinement Systems provides an advanced introduction to the fields of stability and transport in tokamaks. It serves as a reference for researchers with its highly-detailed theoretical background, and contains new results in the areas of analytical nonlinear theory of transport using kinetic theory and fluid closure. The use of fluid descriptions for advanced stability and transport problems provide the reader with a better understanding of this topic. In addition, the areas of nonlinear kinetic theory and fluid closure gives the researcher the basic knowledge of a highly relevant area to the present development of transport physics.
Plasma stability. --- Tokamaks. --- Transport theory. --- Plasma confinement --- Tokamaks --- Transport theory --- Plasma stability --- Mechanical Engineering --- Physics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Nuclear Engineering --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Stable plasma --- Boltzmann transport equation --- Transport phenomena --- Tokamak devices --- Physics. --- Nuclear energy. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Plasma Physics. --- Nuclear Fusion. --- Nuclear Energy. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Fusion, Nuclear --- Fusion reactions --- Fusion --- Nuclear reactions --- Atomic energy --- Atomic power --- Energy, Atomic --- Energy, Nuclear --- Nuclear power --- Power, Atomic --- Power, Nuclear --- Force and energy --- Nuclear physics --- Power resources --- Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear power plants --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Mathematical physics --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Radiation --- Statistical mechanics --- Fusion reactors --- Plasma confinement devices --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Stability --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Containerless processing --- Controlled fusion --- High temperature plasmas --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Mathematics
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This, the second volume of Charged Particle Traps, is devoted to applications, complementing the first volume’s comprehensive treatment of the theory and practice of charged particle traps, their many variants and refinements. In recent years, applications of far reaching importance have emerged ranging from the ultra-precise mass determinations of elementary particles and their antiparticles and short-lived isotopes, to high-resolution Zeeman spectroscopy on multiply-charged ions, to microwave and optical spectroscopy, some involving "forbidden" transitions from metastable states of such high resolution that optical frequency standards are realized by locking lasers to them. Further the potential application of trapped ions to quantum computing is explored, based on the extraordinary quantum state coherence made possible by the particle isolation. Consideration is given to the Paul and Penning traps as potential quantum information processors.
Electromagnetic fields. --- Plasma confinement. --- Trapped ions. --- Plasma confinement --- Electromagnetic fields --- Trapped ions --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Confined plasma --- Confinement of plasma --- Plasma, Confined --- Plasma containment --- Plasma control --- Plasma isolation --- Ion trapping --- Ionic trapping --- Trapping of ions --- Physics. --- Atoms. --- Matter. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement. --- Nuclear engineering. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Nuclear Engineering. --- Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interaction. --- Plasma Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Containerless processing --- Controlled fusion --- High temperature plasmas --- Pinch effect (Physics) --- Ionic mobility --- Ions --- Nuclear Energy. --- Nuclear energy. --- Measurement . --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Atomic energy --- Atomic power --- Energy, Atomic --- Energy, Nuclear --- Nuclear power --- Power, Atomic --- Power, Nuclear --- Force and energy --- Nuclear physics --- Power resources --- Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear power plants --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Constitution
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