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The Baltic Sea oceanographic research community is wide and the research history is over 100 years old. Nevertheless, there is still no single, coherent book on the physical oceanography of the Baltic Sea as a whole. There is a strong need for such a book, coming from working oceanographers as well as the university teaching programmes in advanced undergraduate to graduate levels. In the regional conference series in physical oceanography (Baltic Sea Science Conference, Baltic Sea Oceanographers' conference, Baltex-conferences) about 500 scientists take part regularly. Even more scientists work in the fields of marine biology, chemistry and the environment, and they need information on the physics of the Baltic Sea as well. There are nine countries bordering on the Baltic Sea and five more in the runoff area. The Baltic Sea as a source of fish, means of transportation and leisure activities is highly important to the regional society. In the runoff area there are a total of 85 million people. Research and protection strategies need to be developed, as the Baltic Sea is probably the most polluted sea in the world. Since the Baltic Sea has become an inner sea of the EU (apart from small shore parts of Russia in Petersburg and Kaliningrad), it is anticipated that the importance of the region will consequently rise. The book will arouse interest among students, scientists and decision makers involved with the Baltic problems. It will also give important background information for those working with biogeochemical processes in the Baltic Sea, because the physical forcing for those processes is of vital importance.

Oceanography. --- Marine Science --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Oceanography --- Baltic Sea. --- Oceanography, Physical --- Oceanology --- Physical oceanography --- Thalassography --- Baltiĭskoe more --- Baltiskoye more --- Baltiyskoye more --- East Sea (Europe) --- Mare Suevicum --- Ostsee (Europe) --- Earth sciences. --- Geophysics. --- Hydrogeology. --- Earth Sciences. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Earth Sciences, general. --- Earth sciences --- Marine sciences --- Ocean --- Physical geography. --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Geography. --- Cosmography --- World history --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Geography --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Hydrology --- Groundwater --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Physics

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Ce livre raconte la destinée de la mer Baltique sur une période de 2000 ans. Il décrit la Baltique colle un élément qui unifie l'Est et l'Ouest, le Nord et le Sud, montrant comment la navigation, le commerce, le pouvoir politique et les communications ont développé la région. L'illustration du livre est unique. Les photos sont issues de fonds de musées, de bibliothèques ou d'archives des pays de la Baltique. Beaucoup d'anciennes cartes sont publiées pour la première fois.

Architecture navale --- Atlas --- Cartographie --- Géographie --- Histoire --- Océanographie --- Transport maritime --- Danemark --- Finlande --- Pologne --- Suède --- Baltic Sea --- 912 <09> <474> --- 947.4 --- Cartografie. Kaarten. Plattegronden. Atlassen--Geschiedenis van ...--Baltische Republieken --- Geschiedenis van de Baltische staten --- 947.4 Geschiedenis van de Baltische staten --- Baltic Sea. --- Baltiĭskoe more --- Baltiskoye more --- Baltiyskoye more --- East Sea (Europe) --- Mare Suevicum --- Ostsee (Europe) --- Navigation --- History --- Baltic Sea Region --- Baltique, Région de la mer

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This book explores environmental challenges in the Baltic region from an economic perspective. Featuring contributions by regional experts from Nordic, Baltic and Eastern European countries it addresses the response to eutrophication caused by increased nutrients in the sea from agriculture, wastewater, industry and traffic. It then proposes cost-effective solutions to reach the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) targets set up through the Helsinki Commission (HELCOM). Contributions also explore the environmental impacts of rural landscape change during the post-communist period in the Baltic Sea region and review the ex-post evaluations of the costs and benefits generated by Baltic Sea nutrient abatement policies. Public policies towards marine protection, wind power establishment, and attitudes to paying for environmental protection, environmental resilience and the international cooperation in the Baltic region are also discussed.

Water pollution. --- Environmental economics. --- Economics. --- Environmental Economics. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Baltic Sea --- Environmental conditions. --- Baltiĭskoe more --- Baltiskoye more --- Baltiyskoye more --- East Sea (Europe) --- Mare Suevicum --- Ostsee (Europe) --- Environmental pollution. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Economics --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc.

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This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Predicting the time needed to complete a project, task or daily activity can be difficult and people frequently underestimate how long an activity will take. This book sheds light on why and when this happens, what we should do to avoid it and how to give more realistic time predictions. It describes methods for predicting time usage in situations with high uncertainty, explains why two plus two is usually more than four in time prediction contexts, reports on research on time prediction biases, and summarizes the evidence in support of different time prediction methods and principles. Based on a comprehensive review of the research, it is the first book summarizing what we know about judgment-based time predictions. Large parts of the book are directed toward people wishing to achieve better time predictions in their professional life, such as project managers, graphic designers, architects, engineers, film producers, consultants, software developers, or anyone else in need of realistic time usage predictions. It is also of benefit to those with a general interest in judgment and decision-making or those who want to improve their ability to predict and plan ahead in daily life.

Earth Sciences. --- Earth System Sciences. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Geography. --- Géographie --- Geography --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Physical Geography --- Climatic changes --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Environmental aspects --- Earth sciences. --- Physical geography. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Sciences --- Baltic sea --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Baltiĭskoe more --- Baltiskoye more --- Baltiyskoye more --- East Sea (Europe) --- Mare Suevicum --- Ostsee (Europe) --- Natural sciences --- Behavioral/Experimental Economics --- Human Resource Management --- Project Management --- Software Management --- Behavioral Economics --- Management --- IT in Business --- time predictions --- human judgement --- overoptimism --- uncertainty --- open acces --- Behavioural economics --- Personnel & human resources management --- Business mathematics & systems --- Business applications --- Behavioral economics. --- Personnel management. --- Project management. --- Management information systems. --- Behavioral/Experimental Economics. --- Human Resource Management. --- Project Management. --- Software Management.

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The Baltic Sea is one of the most investigated water bodies in the world. For decades, the many highly industrialised nations around the Baltic have financed basic and applied investigations, as well as the building and development of research stations and vessels. After World War II, research in the Baltic Proper was intensified and investi- tions became much more international. The main goals of such investigations were analysis of the eutrophication and pollution of the Baltic Sea, and development of mitigating strategies (e.g. the HELCOM-Program). In contrast, research into the coastal zones was carried out mainly under national sovereignty by individual governments due to differing political regimes. Consequently, there was a lack of international collaboration and publications regarding these regions. This changed following the collapse of the former socialist governments. Nevertheless, research activities in the coastal regions still lag behind those in the Baltic Proper. A general description is further hampered by the great variety of coastal water ecosystems. The aim of this book is to overcome this lack by presenting the important Baltic coastal zones in the form of “ecological case studies”. In this way the book rep- sents an important supplement to literature concerning the Baltic Proper.

Marine ecology --- Coastal ecology --- Baltic Coast --- Baltic Sea --- Environmental conditions. --- Life sciences. --- Ecology. --- Ecosystems. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Geoecology. --- Environmental geology. --- Nature conservation. --- Water pollution. --- Life Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Nature Conservation. --- Geoecology/Natural Processes. --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Geoecology --- Environmental protection --- Physical geology --- Aquatic biology --- Ecology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Population biology --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Conservation --- Baltiĭskoe more --- Baltiskoye more --- Baltiyskoye more --- East Sea (Europe) --- Mare Suevicum --- Ostsee (Europe) --- Baltic Coast (Soviet Union) --- Baltic Sea Coast --- Coast ecology --- Coastal zone ecology --- Coasts --- Coastal biology --- Sublittoral ecology --- Biological oceanography --- Marine ecosystems --- Ocean --- Aquatic ecology --- Aquatic biology. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Environmental pollution. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Aquatic sciences --- Environmental aspects --- Ecology . --- Aquatic ecology .