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This volume gives an integrated summary of the science related to the four giant planets in our solar system. It is the result of an ISSI workshop on «A comparative study of the outer planets before the exploration of Saturn by Cassini-Huygens» which was held at ISSI in Bern on January 12-16, 2004. Representatives of several scientific communities, such as planetary scientists, astronomers, space physicists, chemists and astrobiologists have met with the aim to review the knowledge on four major themes: (1) the study of the formation and evolution processes of the outer planets and their satellites, beginning with the formation of compounds and planetesimals in the solar nebula, and the subsequent evolution of the interiors of the outer planets, (2) a comparative study of the atmospheres of the outer planets and Titan, (3) the study of the planetary magnetospheres and their interactions with the solar wind, and (4) the formation and properties of satellites and rings, including their interiors, surfaces, and their interaction with the solar wind and the magnetospheres of the outer planets. Beyond these topics, the implications for the prebiotic chemical evolution on Europa and Titan are reviewed. The volume is intended to provide active researchers in the fields of planetary and solar system science, space plasma physics, and astrobiology with an up-to-date status report on the topic, and also to serve graduate students with introductory material into the field. At the time of publication of this book, the study of the outer planets is particularly motivated by the fact that the Saturn system is being investigated by the Cassini-Huygens mission. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 116, Nos. 1-2, 2005.
Outer planets --- Planets --- Exploration --- Saturn (Planet) --- Gas giants --- Jovian planets --- Planetology. --- Astrophysics. --- Astrobiology. --- Astronomy. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astrobiology --- Biology --- Habitable planets --- Life --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Origin --- Space sciences. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science
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Art criticism --- Art appreciation --- Critique d'art --- Art --- History --- Histoire --- Appréciation --- Arts --- Vocational guidance --- Themes, motives --- kunst --- kunsttheorie --- semiotiek --- semiologie --- schilderkunst --- kunst en semiotiek --- Pirenne Maurice --- Groupe Quanta --- Mambourg Claire --- Edeline Guillaume --- Francis Filip --- Rothko Mark --- Lambotte André --- Milo Jean --- Dutrieux Daniel --- kunst en poëzie --- Nicaise Christine --- Jovian Gyorgy --- Rouwette Fabian --- 75.01 --- 700.1 --- Arts Philosophy and theory --- Appréciation --- Criticism and interpretation --- Aesthetics --- Case studies --- Arts - Vocational guidance --- Arts - Themes, motives
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"The Hunt for Planet X is a fascinating tale by one of the world's premier astronomy writers. Govert Schilling is not only scrupulously accurate, he writes beautifully as well." Stephen P. Maran, Author of "Astronomy for Dummies" and Press Officer, American Astronomical Society "The Hunt for Planet X is an adventure story or, more accurately, a series of adventure stories. Schilling tells them well, capturing both the science and the people involved. It starts with the classics: Uranus, Neptune and Pluto; and moves all over the solar system as ground-based astronomers and space scientists pour over measurements and observations to try to understand the worlds around us. Current debates about the Pioneer Anomaly and the definition of what is a planet make the book current as well as a good history." Dr. Louis Friedman, Executive Director, The Planetary Society "This exciting tale of the centuries-old search for new planets in the solar system reads like a thriller. It is an adventure packed with fierce competition, brilliant discoveries, dumb errors, lucky coincidences and artful intrigue – in short, the full spectrum of the human drama. The story reaches an exciting climax in 2006, when we lost Pluto as a planet but gained a number of ice dwarfs in return. This colorful account chock-full of fascinating details is an excellent metaphor for the great adventure of science." Robbert Dijkgraaf, Professor of Mathematical Physics at the University of Amsterdam The Hunt for Planet X: New Worlds and the Fate of Pluto goes beyond a standard scientific read, encompassing who, and what, is involved in the pursuit of planetary endeavors. Touching on over three-hundred years of debates, debacles and discoveries, this book offers the reader insight into the minds and motives of planetary astronomers and their findings. The "hunt" continues to the outer-most regions of the solar system, and Govert Schilling states this search will not cease: "Astronomy is an adventurous science," he writes, and without adventure and those who seek it out the universe would otherwise remain mysterious. The real-life characters presented in The Hunt for Planet X look for glimpses of light in the dark, from icy Kuiper Belt objects to full-fledged planets, in the process challenging how such worlds should be defined and ultimately describing the Universe.
Astronomy --History --Popular works. --- Outer planets --Discovery and exploration --Popular works. --- Planets --Discovery and exploration --Popular works. --- Solar system --Discovery and exploration --Popular works. --- Outer planets --- Planets --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Discovery and exploration --- History --- Solar system --- Gas giants --- Jovian planets --- Physics. --- Planetology. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Popular Science in Astronomy. --- Observations. --- Milky Way --- Physical sciences --- Space sciences --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Planetary science. --- Astronomy, Cosmology and Space Sciences. --- Planetary Science.
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Water has been discovered on the Saturnian moon, Enceladus, and on Jupiter's moons, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. Where there is water, could there be life? Could this tantalizing possibility result in a manned mission to the outer planets? But how will such a mission be designed, what propulsion system will be used, and what hazards will the crewmembers face? Interplanetary Outpost describes step by step how the mission architecture will evolve, how crews will be selected and trained, and what the mission will entail from launch to landing. It addresses the effects that exteneded duration, radiation, communication, and isolation will have on the human body, and how not only performance but behavior might be affected.
Extraterrestrial bases. --- Interplanetary voyages. --- Outer planets. --- Planets -- Exploration. --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Mechanical Engineering --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics --- Astrophysics --- Planets --- Exploration. --- Gas giants --- Jovian planets --- Physics. --- Planetology. --- Medical physics. --- Radiation. --- Astronomy. --- Aerospace engineering. --- Astronautics. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Popular Science in Astronomy. --- Aerospace Technology and Astronautics. --- Medical and Radiation Physics. --- Astrophysics. --- Health physics --- Health radiation physics --- Medical radiation physics --- Radiotherapy physics --- Radiation therapy physics --- Biophysics --- Physics --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Space sciences --- Aeronautics --- Astrodynamics --- Space flight --- Space vehicles --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Space sciences. --- Radiology --- Aeronautical engineering --- Astronautics --- Engineering --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science
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This book reviews the current state of knowledge of the atmospheres of the giant gaseous planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The current theories of their formation are reviewed and their recently observed temperature, composition and cloud structures are contrasted and compared with simple thermodynamic, radiative transfer and dynamical models. The instruments and techniques that have been used to remotely measure their atmospheric properties are also reviewed, and the likely development of outer planet observations over the next two decades is outlined. This second edition has been extensively updated following the Cassini mission results for Jupiter/Saturn and the newest ground-based measurements for Uranus/Neptune as well as on the latest development in the theories on planet formation.
Planets. --- Astrophysics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Outer planets. --- Jupiter (Planet) --- Gas giants --- Jovian planets --- Physics. --- Geophysics. --- Planetology. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics. --- Space sciences. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Observations. --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Aerophysics --- Atmospheric sciences --- Physical meteorology --- Geophysics --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Earth sciences --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Planets --- Physical geography. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Geography --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Atmosphere
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"En 360, pour l'évêque d'Alexandrie, le salut des croyants est en jeu : "homéenne", la foi officielle de l'empire romain en 360 reconnaît au Christ une simple "ressemblance" avec le Père. Athanase tente donc de reconstruire l'unité de l'Église autour de la foi définie au concile de Nicée en 325, disant le Fils "consubstantiel"» au Père. Après le synode d'Alexandrie qu'il convoque en 362, il écrit aux Antiochiens un "tome", c'est-à-dire une lettre officielle, alors que s'opposent à Antioche plusieurs tendances. Parmi les homéens modérés, Mélèce réunit un synode en 363 qui réinterprète le "consubstantiel" nicéen ; il en adresse le résultat à l'empereur Jovien, passant outre Athanase qui réagit en dénonçant cette interprétation dans sa Lettre à Jovien sur la foi. Deux autres lettres complètent le dossier : la Lettre à Rufinien, sur la réintégration des clercs qui ont signé la formule de 360, et la Lettre aux Africains, rejetant les positions homéennes du synode de Rimini (359). En annexes sont aussi traduits plusieurs documents du dossier. L'ensemble offre à voir comment le grand Alexandrin défend l'idée que " Nicée suffit", tout en faisant évoluer la foi trinitaire, en particulier sur le Saint-Esprit."---
Arianism --- Church history --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Councils and synods --- Controversial literature. --- History --- Athanasius, --- Jovian, --- Rufinus, --- Jesus Christ --- Person and offices. --- Natures. --- Council of Nicaea --- Synod of Alexandria --- Homoousian controversy --- Correspondence. --- Christian church history --- Classical Greek literature --- 276 =75 ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS --- 276 =75 ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS Griekse patrologie--ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS --- 276 =75 ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS Patrologie grecque--ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS --- Griekse patrologie--ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS --- Patrologie grecque--ATHANASIUS ALEXANDRINUS --- Christian councils and synods --- Church councils --- Synods --- Religious gatherings --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Antitrinitarianism --- Christian heresies --- Controversial literature --- Doctrines --- Athanasius --- Athanasius Alexandrinus --- Athanase d'Alexandrie --- Afanasiĭ, --- Aḟanasīĭ Velikīĭ, --- Atanasio, --- Atanazy, --- Atanazy Wielki, --- Athanase, --- Athanasios, --- Athanāsiyūs, --- Athnāsiyūs, --- Bābā Athanāsiyūs Baṭriyark al-Iskandarīyah, --- أثناسيوس، --- بابا اثناسيوس بطريرك الإسكندرية --- Atanasie cel Mare, --- Pseudo-Athanasius --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- عيسىٰ --- Ruffinus Aquileiensis --- Rufin d'Aquilée --- Tyrannius Rufinus presbyter Aquileiensis --- Tyrannius Rufinus van Aquileia --- Turannius Rufinus presbyter Aquileiensis --- Rufinus --- Jovianus, Flavius, --- Council of Nicaea. --- Council of Alexandria --- Synode von Alexandrien --- Concilio de Nicea --- Council of Nicea --- Konzil von Nicäa --- Synode von Nizäa --- Council of Nice --- Jovian --- Jovianus, Flavius
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