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Atmospheric ice takes a wide range of fascinating forms, all beautiful in their own ways but many posing severe risk to the security of overhead networks for electric power, communications and other systems. This comprehensive book documents the fundamentals of atmospheric icing and surveys the state of the art in eight chapters, each written by a team of experienced and internationally renowned experts. The treatment is detailed and richly illustrated. The presentation follows a logical sequence, starting with the icing climate and meteorological conditions, proceeding through development of observations and models of accretion and release of ice and heavy snow, then considering static and dynamic mechanical loads, the effects of ice and snow on electrical insulation, de-icing, ice prevention and mitigation methods. The statistical analysis of icing data and the mathematical and numerical modelling support appropriate mechanical and electrical design processes for icing conditions on overhead lines. Technical specialists, researchers and students in engineering and environmental science will all find value throughout the text.
Electric lines --- Ice mechanics. --- Icing (Meteorology) --- Ice prevention. --- Accretion, Ice --- Ice accretion --- Meteorology --- Freezing precipitation --- Ice --- Mechanics --- Ice prevention and control --- Mechanical properties --- Civil engineering. --- Environmental sciences. --- Computer simulation. --- Energy Systems. --- Civil Engineering. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Math. Appl. in Environmental Science. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Energy, general. --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Environmental science --- Science --- Engineering --- Public works --- Energy systems. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Energy. --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere
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This book offers a comprehensive review of the various options for improving the performance of overhead power lines in winter conditions, taking into account both mechanical and electrical aspects. Experience within the CIGRE community reveals many strategies to protect overhead power lines from damage caused by heavy build-up of ice and snow or electrical issues such as insulator icing flashovers. The initial approach is to consider the predicted ice loads from the available databases. This is supplemented with some fundamental aspects of icing physics that affect accretion rate as well as factors in ice shedding on traditional (metal, ceramic) and novel treated surfaces. These ice physics concepts structure the ways to categorize and evaluate methods to reduce or prevent icing on conductors and ground wires or to prevent flashover of insulators. Many utilities in cold climate regions have developed and used methods and strategies to reduce ice loads using anti-icing (AI) and / or de-icing (DI) methods. In general, AI methods are used before or early during ice build-up, while DI methods are activated during and sometimes after ice build-up. The book describes and discusses some historical, operational, or potential AI / DI systems in the ice physics context. This supports a comprehensive review of AI coatings including concepts, relevant material properties, application methods, and finally test methods for characterizing the long-term performance.
Overhead electric lines --- Ice prevention and control. --- Environmental aspects. --- Anti-icing --- De-icing --- Deicing --- Ice control --- Ice prevention --- Engineering meteorology --- Icing (Meteorology) --- Ice booms --- Power line bird strikes --- Electric power production. --- Electric power distribution. --- Underground construction. --- Coatings. --- Corrosion and anti-corrosives. --- Electrical Power Engineering. --- Energy Grids and Networks. --- Underground Engineering and Tunnel Construction. --- Corrosion. --- Anti-corrosive paint --- Atmospheric corrosion --- Metal corrosion --- Metals --- Rust --- Rustless coatings --- Chemical inhibitors --- Chemistry, Technical --- Fouling --- Materials --- Weathering --- Paint --- Protective coatings --- Waterproofing --- Surface coatings --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coating processes --- Thin films --- Building, Underground --- Subsurface construction --- Subterranean construction --- Underground structures --- Building --- Earthwork --- Underground architecture --- Electricity --- Power distribution, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Power transmission --- Electric power transmission --- Electrification --- Electric power generation --- Electricity generation --- Power production, Electric --- Corrosion --- Deterioration --- Surfaces --- Distribution
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