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Benthos. --- Food chains (Ecology) --- Benthos

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General ecology and biosociology --- Nutritionary hygiene. Diet --- Food chains (Ecology) --- Biotic communities --- Ecosystèmes --- Ecosystèmes

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Ecosystems are complex and enigmatic entities that are ultimately our life support systems. Understanding these systems to the point of being able to predict their behaviour in the face of perturbations requires that researchers adopt a number of strategies that vary in both approach and scale. This book, in a sense, is representative of some of the developments that have unfolded when math and physics met ecology. Here, some of the world’s leading ecologists examine ecosystems from theoretical, experimental, and empirical viewpoints, from energetics to ecosystems. The book begins with simplifying and synthesizing nature’s complex relationships. It then moves on to explore the mapping between food web structure and function and ends with the role of theory in integrating different research areas. From the breadth of systems analyzed to the rigor of approaches taken, this book is not only a useful resource for students and researchers in ecology, but also serves as a fitting tribute to the life and work of Peter Yodzis.

Biotic communities. --- Ecology --- Food chains (Ecology) --- Mathematical models. --- Food webs (Ecology) --- Animals --- Biological productivity --- Niche (Ecology) --- Nutrient cycles --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Population biology --- Food --- Trophic ecology

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L'écologie scientifique est d'abord une science d'observation qui mobilise un grand nombre de disciplines comme la zoologie, la botanique, la géologie, la climatologie, l'hydrogéologie, ... Elle peut être divisée en deux domaines d'étude complémentaires : la biologie des populations et l'écologie des écosystèmes. Cet ouvrage fait la synthèse des connaissances en écologie des écosystèmes. Il est organisé en quatre grandes parties. La première présente les méthodes d'études de la recherche, lesquelles s'appuient sur l'observation, l'expérimentation et la modélisation. Elle est suivie d'une introduction au concept d'écosystème. Les différents thèmes de recherches actuels sont ensuite abordés : hiérarchies écologiques, homogénéité/hétérogénéité, rôle de la diversité biologique, échelles spatiales et temporelles ... Enfin, l'ouvrage se termine par une présentation du fonctionnement global de la biosphère dans une perspective historique. Les notions théoriques sont illustrées par de très nombreux exemples présentés en encarts (certains en anglais, lorsque tirés d'articles originaux qui sont maintenant des références). Ce livre est destiné aux étudiants des seconds cycles (universités et grandes écoles), ainsi qu'aux chercheurs et aux enseignants désirant disposer des concepts modernes de l'écologie des écosystèmes.

Ecology --- Ecologie --- Écologie --- ecology --- Écosystème --- ecosystems --- sciences --- History --- Évolution --- evolution --- Biodiversité --- Biodiversity --- Réserve naturelle --- Nature reserves --- Structure de la population --- population structure --- Population végétale --- plant population --- Cycle biogéochimique --- cycling --- Changement climatique --- Climatic change --- Impact sur l'environnement --- Environmental impact --- Écologie. --- evolution. --- Biotic communities. --- Food chains (Ecology) --- Biodiversity. --- Biosphere. --- Écosystèmes. --- Biosphère. --- Ecology. --- Écosystèmes --- Biosphère

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With over 43,000 species, spiders are the largest predacious arthropod group. They have developed key characteristics such as multi-purpose silk types, venoms consisting of hundreds of components, locomotion driven by muscles and hydraulic pressure, a highly evolved key-lock mechanism between the complex genital structures, and many more unique features. After 300 million years of evolutionary refinement, spiders are present in all land habitats and represent one of the most successful groups of terrestrial organisms. Ecophysiology combines functional and evolutionary aspects of morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology with ecology. Cutting-edge science in spiders focuses on the circulatory and respiratory system, locomotion and dispersal abilities, the immune system, endosymbionts and pathogens, chemical communication, gland secretions, venom components, silk structure, structure and perception of colours as well as nutritional requirements. Spiders are valuable indicator species in agroecosystems and for conservation biology. Modern transfer and application technologies research spiders and their products with respect to their value for biomimetics, material sciences, and the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries.

Food chains (Ecology). --- Spider populations. --- Spiders -- Ecology. --- Spiders -- Ecophysiology. --- Spiders --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology --- Invertebrates & Protozoa --- Ecophysiology --- Anatomy --- Ecology --- Spider --- Zoology. --- Physiology. --- Araneae --- Araneida --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Animal ecology. --- Animal anatomy. --- Animal physiology. --- Invertebrates. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Physiology. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Animal Ecology. --- Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology. --- Biology --- Natural history --- Animals --- Morphology (Animals). --- Animal morphology --- Body form in animals --- Morphology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Invertebrata --- Animal physiology --- Composition --- Animal anatomy