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There is a new world order in electrical energy production. Solar and wind power are established as the low-cost leaders. However, these energy sources are highly variable and electrical power is needed 24/7. Alternative sources must fill the gaps, but only a few are both economical and carbon-free or -neutral. This book presents one alternative: small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs). The authors describe the technology, including its safety and economic aspects, and assess its fit with other carbon-free energy sources, storage solutions, and industrial opportunities. They also explain the challenges with SMRs, including public acceptance. The purpose of the book is to help readers consider these relatively new reactors as part of an appropriate energy mix for the future and, ultimately, to make their own judgments on the merits of the arguments for SMRs.
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Torpedo-boats --- Fast attack craft --- History.
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Torpedo-boats --- Fast attack craft --- Gunboats
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Chemical industry --- Chemistry --- Labor supply --- Marché du travail --- FAST (Program)
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Bis in die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts war Fast Food eine ungewollte Notwendigkeit der breiten Bevolkerung, die sich keine aufwendige Kuche leisten konnte. Als das Burgertum zur vorherrschenden Gesellschaftsschicht wurde, wurden mehrgangige Menus und Restaurants mit Speisen a la carte zum Standard, an dem sich spater auch die Arbeiterschaft orientierte. Die Fleissrevolution, die doch Anlass geboten hatte, das Essen zu beschleunigen, brachte mit Kartoffeln und Kaffee weitere verlangsamende Elemente in die Ernahrung. Die Jahrtausende alte Imbisskultur der "kleinen Leute" blieb in sich stets wandelnden Formen bis zur Gegenwart erhalten und fand nach 1900 auch Liebhaber im Burgertum, die gerne die eine und andere Abkurzung der Ernahrung in ihren Lebensstil implementierten. Impulse zur Beschleunigung kamen aus dem wachsenden Wohlstand, technologischen und organisatorischen Innovationen, politischen Einflussen und der Industrialisierung. Trotzdem gab es keine gerade Linie zu immer schnellerem Essen. Trends zur Beschleunigung standen und stehen retardierende Elemente gegenuber. Erst die Auflosung des Burgertums und die Individualisierung der Lebensstile seit den 1960er Jahren verhalfen Fast Food zur Vorherrschaft in der Ernahrung.
Food --- Food habits --- Fast food restaurants --- Social aspects --- History. --- History
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Thin Safety Margin charts the history of SEFOR, a twenty-megawatt reactor that operated for three years in the rural Ozark Mountains of Arkansas as part of an internationally sponsored program designed to demonstrate the Doppler effect in plutonium-oxide-fueled fast reactors. Authors Jerry Havens and Collis Geren draw upon this history to assess the accidental explosion risk inherent in using fast reactors to reduce the energy industry's carbon dioxide emissions.If a sufficiently powerful fast-neutron explosion were to cause the containment of a reactor such as SEFOR's to fail, the reactor's radiotoxic plutonium fuel could vaporize and escape into the surrounding environment, resulting in a miles-wide swath of destruction. The demonstration that the Doppler effect could prevent limited runaway reactivity in the event of an accident or natural disaster proved a critical development in producing safe nuclear technology. But while SEFOR was hailed as a breakthrough in nuclear safety, Havens and Geren's examination of the project, including the partial SCRAM that occurred in late 1970, confirms experts' concerns regarding the limits of the Doppler effect and presents a compelling argument for caution in adopting fast reactors like SEFOR to reduce carbon emissions.
Sodium cooled reactors --- Liquid metal fast breeder reactors --- Breeder reactors --- Fast reactors --- Liquid metal cooled reactors --- Nuclear reactors --- Science: general issues
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Northmen. --- Vikings. --- Normands --- Vikings --- Scandinavia --- Scandinavie --- Civilization. --- Civilisation --- Normands (Vikings) --- Northmen --- Vikingen --- Fast. --- Gtt.
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