Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This study examines the green transition's effects on labor markets using a task-based framework to identify jobs with tasks that contribute, or with the potential to contribute, to the green transition. Analyzing data from Brazil, Colombia, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we find that the proportion of workers in green jobs is similar across AEs and EMs, albeit with distinct occupational patterns: AE green job holders typically have higher education levels, whereas in EMs, they tend to have lower education levels. Despite these disparities, the distribution of green jobs across genders is similar across countries, with men occupying over two-thirds of these positions. Furthermore, green jobs are characterized by a wage premium and a narrower gender pay gap. Our research further studies the implications of AI for the expansion of green employment opportunities. This research advances our understanding of the interplay between green jobs, gender equity, and AI and provides valuable insights for promoting a more inclusive green transition.

Climate --- Environmental Economics: Government Policy --- Global Warming --- Human Capital --- Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility --- Labor Productivity --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Occupational Choice --- Pollution Control Adoption and Costs • Distributional Effects • Employment Effects --- Promotion --- Skills

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

As the financial crisis has spread through the world, the lack of real-time data has made it difficult to track its impact in developing countries. This paper uses a micro-simulation approach to assess the poverty and distributional effects of the crisis in the Philippines. The authors find increases in both the level and the depth of aggregate poverty. Income shocks are relatively large in the middle part of the income distribution. They also find that characteristics of people who become poor because of the crisis are different from those of both chronically poor people and the general population. The findings can be useful for policy makers wishing to identify leading monitoring indicators to track the impact of macroeconomic shocks and to design policies that protect vulnerable groups.

Achieving Shared Growth --- Chronically poor --- Distributional effects --- Economic growth --- Economic Theory & Research --- Food price --- Impact on poverty --- Incidence of poverty --- Income --- Income distribution --- Income inequality --- Income poverty --- Inequality --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomic shocks --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poor --- Poor people --- Poverty rates --- Poverty Reduction --- Regional Economic Development --- Rural --- Rural poverty --- Rural poverty rate --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Social Protections and Labor --- Unemployment

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper analyzes changes in agricultural production and economic welfare of farmers in rural Peru resulting from a large irrigation infrastructure rehabilitation project. The analysis uses a ten-year district panel and a spatial regression discontinuity approach to measure the causal effect of the intervention. While general impacts are modest, the analysis shows that the project is progressive - poor farmers consistently benefit more than non-poor farmers. Farmers living in districts with a rehabilitated irrigation site experience positive labor dynamics, in terms of income and agricultural jobs. Poor farmers increase their total income by more than USD 220 per year compared with the control group, while rich farmers do not experience such an income gain. The results also show crop specialization patterns in the economic status of farm households; poorer farm households increase their production of staple crops, such as beans and potatoes, while non-poor beneficiary farmers cultivate more industrial crops. Findings from this evaluation have important implications for pro-poor policy design in the agricultural sector.

Agricultural production --- Agricultural products --- Agricultural sector --- Agriculture --- Crop diversification --- Crops & Crop Management Systems --- Distributional effects --- Farm households --- Income --- Inequality --- Insurance --- Irrigation --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poor --- Poor farmers --- Poor policy --- Poverty line --- Poverty Reduction --- Regional Economic Development --- Rural --- Rural areas --- Rural development --- Rural infrastructure --- Rural infrastructure development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Social Protections and Labor

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Reducing transport sector emissions is an important pillar of the green transition. However, the transition to electric vehicles (EV) portends major changes in vehicle manufacturing activity, on which many livelihoods in Europe depend. Using the heterogeneity across European countries in the speed of transition to EV production and variation in sectoral and regional exposure to the automotive sector, this paper offers early evidence of the labor market implications of the EV transition. Our results suggest that the transformation of the auto sector is already having an adverse impact on employment in the affected sectors and regions, which can be expected to grow at least in the near term. Many of the affected workers will be able to retire and our analysis suggests that those who will have to transition to new “greener” jobs have a fair chance to do so when compared to other workers in the manufacturing sector. Furthermore, we find evidence that active labor market policies, specifically training, can help to reduce the adjustment costs for the affected workers.

Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Labor --- Exports and Imports --- Industries: Automobile --- Environmental Conservation and Protection --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Pollution Control Adoption and Costs • Distributional Effects • Employment Effects --- Trade: General --- Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies: General --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Automobiles --- Other Transportation Equipment --- Related Parts and Equipment --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Labour --- income economics --- International economics --- Transport industries --- Climate change --- Exports --- International trade --- Employment rate --- Labor markets --- Automobile industry --- Economic sectors --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- Economic theory --- Labor market --- Automobile industry and trade --- Climatic changes --- Income economics

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Belgium’s current policies fall short of achieving its climate targets and promoting emissions reductions at limited economic costs. We recommend that domestic carbon pricing form the centerpiece of an emissions reduction package, as pricing promotes mitigation at the lowest economic cost, can be phased in as international energy prices fall, and generates revenue to compensate vulnerable households and reduce taxes on productive activities. Sectoral policies, such as subsidy-tax schemes to promote low emissions vehicles, should reinforce carbon pricing and regional efforts, while the social protection system can be made more efficient and environmentally friendly by switching from energy subsidies to income-based support. Belgium should also promote dialogue at the EU-level to harmonize ETS prices and include all sectors under a single trading scheme.

Money and Monetary Policy --- International Economics --- Environmental Economics --- Environmental Conservation and Protection --- Taxation --- Investments: Energy --- Industries: Energy --- Monetary Policy --- International Agreements and Observance --- International Organizations --- Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities --- Redistributive Effects --- Environmental Taxes and Subsidies --- Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: General --- Pollution Control Adoption and Costs • Distributional Effects • Employment Effects --- Climate --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Global Warming --- Electric Utilities --- Hydrocarbon Resources --- Environmental Economics: Government Policy --- Monetary economics --- International institutions --- Environmental economics --- Climate change --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- Petroleum, oil & gas industries --- Monetary policy --- International organization --- Greenhouse gas emissions --- Environment --- Carbon tax --- Taxes --- Electricity --- Commodities --- Natural gas sector --- Economic sectors --- International agencies --- Emissions trading --- Greenhouse gases --- Environmental impact charges --- Electric utilities --- Gas industry --- Belgium