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Quality of Telephone-Based Spoken Dialogue Systems is a systematic overview of assessment, evaluation, and prediction methods for the quality of services such as travel and touristic information, phone-directory and messaging, or telephone-banking services. A new taxonomy of quality-of-service is presented which serves as a tool for classifying assessment and evaluation methods, for planning and interpreting evaluation experiments, and for estimating quality. A broad overview of parameters and evaluation methods is given, both on a system-component level and for a fully integrated system. Three experimental investigations illustrate the relationships between system characteristics and perceived quality. The resulting information is needed in all phases of system specification, design, implementation, and operation. Although Quality of Telephone-Based Spoken Dialogue Systems is written from the perspective of an engineer in telecommunications, it is an invaluable source of information for professionals in signal processing, communication acoustics, computational linguistics, speech and language sciences, human factor design and ergonomics.
Automatic speech recognition. --- Telephone systems --- Quality control. --- Telephony --- Telecommunication systems --- Mechanical speech recognizer --- Speech recognition, Automatic --- Pattern recognition systems --- Perceptrons --- Speech, Intelligibility of --- Speech perception --- Speech processing systems --- Computer engineering. --- Telecommunication. --- Computer science. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction. --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Telecommunications --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Computers --- Informatics --- Science --- Design and construction --- Electrical engineering. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- User interfaces (Computer systems). --- Interfaces, User (Computer systems) --- Human-machine systems --- Human-computer interaction --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Electric engineering --- Engineering
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Naucratis (Extinct city) --- Egypt --- Greece --- Naucratis (Ville ancienne) --- Egypte --- Grèce --- Relations --- Economic conditions --- Conditions économiques --- Grèce --- Conditions économiques --- Naucratis (Ancient city) --- Naukratis (Extinct city) --- Griechenland --- Hellas --- Yaṿan --- Vasileion tēs Hellados --- Hellēnikē Dēmokratia --- République hellénique --- Royaume de Grèce --- Kingdom of Greece --- Hellenic Republic --- Ancient Greece --- Ελλάδα --- Ellada --- Ελλάς --- Ellas --- Ελληνική Δημοκρατία --- Ellēnikē Dēmokratia --- Elliniki Dimokratia --- Grecia --- Grčija --- Hellada --- اليونان --- يونان --- al-Yūnān --- Yūnān --- 希腊 --- Xila --- Греция --- Gret︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Égypte --- Ägypten --- Egitto --- Egipet --- Egiptos --- Miṣr --- Southern Region (United Arab Republic) --- Egyptian Region (United Arab Republic) --- Iqlīm al-Janūbī (United Arab Republic) --- Egyptian Territory (United Arab Republic) --- Egipat --- Arab Republic of Egypt --- A.R.E. --- ARE (Arab Republic of Egypt) --- Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al-ʻArabīyah --- Mitsrayim --- Egipt --- Ijiptʻŭ --- Misri --- Ancient Egypt --- Gouvernement royal égyptien --- جمهورية مصر العربية --- مِصر --- مَصر --- Maṣr --- Khēmi --- エジプト --- Ejiputo --- Egypti --- Egypten --- מצרים --- United Arab Republic --- Antiquities --- To 146 B.C. --- Egypt - Relations - Greece. --- Greece - Relations - Egypt. --- Égypte --- Naucratis (ville ancienne) --- Commerce extérieur --- Antiquité
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Classical literature --- Mimesis in literature --- Littérature ancienne --- Mimésis dans la littérature --- History and criticism --- Histoire et critique --- Criticism --- Theory, etc --- Mimesis in literature. --- Theory, etc. --- Littérature ancienne --- Mimésis dans la littérature --- Representation (Literature) --- Imitation in literature --- Realism in literature --- Evaluation of literature --- Literary criticism --- Literature --- Rhetoric --- Aesthetics --- Literature, Classical --- Literature, Ancient --- Greek literature --- Latin literature --- History and criticism&delete& --- Technique --- Evaluation --- Classical literature - History and criticism - Theory, etc --- Criticism - Greece --- Criticism - Rome
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Blacks --- Unemployed --- Unemployment --- Noirs --- Chômage --- Chômeurs --- Employment --- Travail --- Chômage --- Chômeurs --- Black people
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Excavations (Archaeology) --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- Catalogs --- Catalogues --- Hesse (Germany) --- Hesse (Allemagne) --- Antiquities --- Antiquités --- -Excavations (Archaeology) --- -Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- -Germany (West) --- -Antiquities --- -Catalogs --- Catalogs. --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- Antiquités --- -Federal Republic of Germany --- Germany (Federal Republic, 1949- ) --- GFR --- West Germany (1949-1990) --- Germanskai︠a︡ Federalʹnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Ḥukūmat Almānyā al-Ittiḥādīyah --- NRF --- Niemiecka Republika Federalna --- FRG --- Federativnai︠a︡ Respublika Germanii --- NSR --- Nĕmecká spolková republika --- Német Szövetségi Köztársaság --- BRD --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Republiḳah ha-federalit ha-Germanit --- Batı Almanya --- Federal Almanya --- Tyske forbundsrepublik --- NSzK --- Repubblica federale tedesca --- Hsi-te cheng fu --- Te-i-chih lien pang kung ho kuo --- RFA --- République fédérale allemande --- RFN --- Republika Federalna Niemiec --- Republik Federasi Jerman --- Germany (Federal Republic) --- G.F.R. --- N.R.F. --- F.R.G. --- N.S.R. --- B.R.D. --- N.Sz.K. --- R.F.A. --- R.F.N. --- Alemania Federal --- République fédérale d'Allemagne --- República Federal de Alemania --- Bondsrepubliek Duitsland --- Repubblica federale di Germania --- German Federal Republic --- Western Germany --- Gross-Hessen (Germany) --- Greater Hesse (Germany) --- Hessen (Germany) --- Land Hesse (Germany) --- State of Hesse (Germany) --- Archaeological digs --- Hesse-Darmstadt (Germany) --- Hesse-Nassau (Germany)
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Enlightenment. --- Siècle des lumières --- Germany --- Allemagne --- Intellectual life --- Vie intellectuelle --- Siècle des lumières
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Chinas Außenpolitik war in der Ära Mao Zedong (1949-1976) mit Unabhängigkeit und Sicherheit von zwei widersprüchlichen Grundsätzen geprägt, ein Linienstreit, der in den 60er Jahren zum Bruch mit Moskau und 1972 zu einer spektakulären Annäherung an die USA führte. Deng Xiaoping versuchte ab 1978, diesen Widerspruch mit einem Bekenntnis zu Interdependenz und wirtschaftlicher Öffnung aufzulösen, aber auch Dengs Reform wurde in den Dienst einer langfristigen nationalen Agenda gestellt, die die internationale Manövriermarge der Volksrepublik vergrößern sollte. Auch 2004 ist Peking weder mit seinem engeren Umfeld zufrieden, in dem viele Akteure unausgesprochen oder offen gegen eine "chinesische Gefahr" rüsten, noch mit einer von den USA dominierten Welt. Sichtbarster Ausdruck der unterstellten Beeinträchtigung des eigenen Großmachtanspruchs ist die anhaltende, unabhängige Existenz der "abtrünnigen Provinz" Taiwan.
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Deterrence (Strategy) --- -Offensive (Military science) --- -355 <038> --- Attack and defense (Military science) --- Offensive (Military strategy) --- Military art and science --- Military policy --- Psychology, Military --- Strategy --- First strike (Nuclear strategy) --- Nuclear crisis stability --- Dictionaries --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -Dictionaries. --- EuropeMilitary policy --- Politique militaire --- Dictionnaire --- Offensive (Military science) --- 355 <038> --- Dictionaries.
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Considering that the motion of strings with finitely many masses on them is described by difference equations, this book presents the spectral theory of such problems on finite graphs of strings. The direct problem of finding the eigenvalues as well as the inverse problem of finding strings with a prescribed spectrum are considered. This monograph gives a comprehensive and self-contained account on the subject, thereby also generalizing known results. The interplay between the representation of rational functions and their zeros and poles is at the center of the methods used. The book also unravels connections between finite dimensional and infinite dimensional spectral problems on graphs, and between self-adjoint and non-self-adjoint finite-dimensional problems. This book is addressed to researchers in spectral theory of differential and difference equations as well as physicists and engineers who may apply the presented results and methods to their research. .
Operator theory. --- Algebras, Linear. --- Difference equations. --- Functional equations. --- Operator Theory. --- Linear Algebra. --- Difference and Functional Equations. --- Linear algebra --- Algebra, Universal --- Generalized spaces --- Mathematical analysis --- Calculus of operations --- Line geometry --- Topology --- Functional analysis --- Equations, Functional --- Calculus of differences --- Differences, Calculus of --- Equations, Difference
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This book explores the physics, technology and applications of particle accelerators. It illustrates the interconnections between applications and basic physical principles, enabling readers to better understand current and upcoming technologies and see beyond the paradigmatic borders of the individual fields. The reader will discover why accelerators are no longer just toys for scientists, but have also become modern and efficient nuclear workhorses. The book starts with an introduction to the relevant technologies and radiation safety aspects of accelerating electrons and ions from several keV to roughly 250 MeV. It subsequently describes the physics behind the interactions of these particle beams with matter. Mathematical descriptions and state-of-the-art computer models of energy-loss and nuclear interactions between the particle beams and targets round out the physics coverage. On this basis, the book then presents the most important accelerator applications in science, medicine, and industry, explaining and comparing more than 20 major application fields, encompassing semiconductors, cancer treatment, and space exploration. Despite the disparate fields involved, this book demonstrates how the same essential technology and physics connects all of these applications.
Particle acceleration. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Thin films. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement . --- Radiology. --- Nuclear energy. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Nuclear Energy. --- Atomic energy --- Atomic power --- Energy, Atomic --- Energy, Nuclear --- Nuclear power --- Power, Atomic --- Power, Nuclear --- Force and energy --- Nuclear physics --- Power resources --- Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear power plants --- Radiological physics --- Physics --- Radiation --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Acceleration --- Particle accelerators. --- Accelerators, Particle --- Atom smashers --- Charged particle accelerators --- Accelerator mass spectrometry --- Instruments
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