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During the middle school years, young teens undergo multiple physical, socialemotional,and intellectual changes that shape who they are and how they function asadults. The schools young teens attend play a critical role in shaping these futures.Therefore, the state of the U.S. middle school is or should be of concern to all ofus.

Middle school education--United States. --- Middle schools--United States. --- Middle schools --- Middle school education --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Theory & Practice of Education

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Vocational education --- Technical education --- Education, Special Topics --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Education, Technical --- Education, Vocational --- Vocational training --- Work experience --- Professional education --- Iraq

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"Despite a recent slowdown, Mongolia has experienced dramatic economic growth in the 2000s, exceeding global trends. Foreign direct investment, mining, infrastructure spending, and, more recently, strong fiscal and monetary stimulus measures have driven much of this growth. The country now faces challenges in terms of creating jobs without overly relying on public spending fueled by natural resource exploitation. In 2014, the Mongolian government commissioned RAND to collaborate on a study of the labor market with the Institute for Labour Studies (ILS) of the Mongolian Ministry of Labour. Using a supply-demand framework, this study analyzed the Mongolian labor market to identify where it is performing well, where it is underperforming, and whether there are constraints to improvement. RAND and ILS especially focused on youth labor and education issues, using a new survey developed by the two organizations. The ILS and RAND teams chose this focus because of the importance of youth labor-market success to the economic future of the country and because analysis of Mongolian labor data showed relatively high rates of youth not in school or the labor market compared with a variety of other economies, including other similar transition economies. The Mongolian Ministry of Population Development and Social Welfare has recognized this importance by announcing 2015 as the year of youth development. The ILS-RAND Mongolian Youth Survey is a nationwide survey that provides new insights into the challenges faced by youth, as well as their achievements and aspirations, to inform the development of policy to address these concerns."--Back cover.

Labor market --- Youth --- Education --- Occupational training --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Business & Economics --- Employment --- Economic aspects --- Young people --- Young persons --- Youngsters --- Youths --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Job training --- Manpower development and training --- Manpower training programs --- Vocational training --- Supply and demand --- Age groups --- Life cycle, Human --- Markets --- Training --- Education and training services industry --- Practice firms --- Mongolia --- Mongolia. --- Economic conditions. --- BNMAU --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Uls --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Ulsyn --- Bügd Nayramdah Mongol Ard Uls --- Gaimōko --- Meng-ku --- Meng-ku jen min kung ho kuo --- Menggu --- Menggu ren min gong he guo --- MNR --- Mōko Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Mongġol --- Mongġol Ulus --- Mongol Népköztársaság --- Mongol Uls --- Mongolei --- Mongolian People's Republic --- Mongolian Republic --- Mongolie --- Mongoliet --- Mongolii͡ --- Mongolische Volksrepublik --- Mongolʹskai͡a narodnai͡a respublika --- Mongoru --- Mongoru Jimmin Kyōwakoku --- Mongoru Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Outer Mongolia --- République populaire de Mongolie --- Wai Meng-ku --- China

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This monograph provides strategies to increase private-sector employment, including ways to reemploy civil-service workers in the private sector, in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq. Prepared for and at the request of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), this monograph is based on a variety of research methods and analyses. These include a review of the existing literature, analyses of survey data, analysis of Kurdistan regional and Iraqi national documents and laws, and a qualitative assessment of numerous conversations with government officials and private-sector employers. The KRG can develop its private sector by removing obstacles to starting or expanding a business, by identifying sectors for which conditions are particularly favorable for private-sector growth and supporting them, and by outsourcing and privatizing some functions that the KRG currently performs. However, private-sector growth does not guarantee that civil-service workers will leave for private-sector employment. Civil-service workers will need the qualifications necessary for private-sector jobs and will have to expect that the benefits of private-sector employment outweigh the benefits of civil-service employment. At the same time, as the KRG devises methods for encouraging civil-service workers to leave for the private sector, a key challenge will be to ensure that the most productive employees stay with the KRG in order to ensure the proper functioning of government.

Civil service --- Public service employment --- Manpower policy --- Economic development --- Government - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Government - Asia --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Employment policy --- Human resource development --- Labor market --- Labor market policy --- Manpower utilization --- Employment, Public service --- Work relief --- Bureaucrats --- Career government service --- Civil servants --- Government employees --- Government service --- Public employees --- Public service (Civil service) --- Government policy --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Labor policy --- Labor supply --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Full employment policies --- Public administration --- Public officers --- Kurdistān (Iraq) --- Iraq. --- Iraq --- Economic policy. --- Bilād al-Rāfidayn --- Bilād --- Irak --- Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah --- Republic of Iraq --- Kordestān (Iraq)