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United States --- Etats-Unis --- Biography --- Dictionaries --- Biographie --- Dictionnaires anglais

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Education, Higher --- Humanities --- Education, Higher. --- Sciences humaines --- Study and teaching --- Study and teaching. --- Étude et enseignement --- United States.

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Emphasizing the interaction between political organizations and social forces, Ervand Abrahamian discusses Iranian society and politics during the period between the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1909 and the Islamic Revolution of 1977-1979. Presented here is a study of the emergence of horizontal divisions, or socio-economic classes, in a country with strong vertical divisions based on ethnicity, religious ideology, and regional particularism. Professor Abrahamian focuses on the class and ethnic roots of the major radical movements in the modem era, particularly the constitutional movement of the 1900s, the communist Tudeh party of the 1940s, the nationalist struggle of the early 1950s, and the Islamic upsurgence of the 1970s.In this examination of the social bases of Iranian politics, Professor Abrahamian draws on archives of the British Foreign Office and India Office that have only recently been opened; newspaper, memoirs, and biographies published in Tehran between 1906 and 1980; proceedings of the Iranian Majles and Senate; interviews with retired and active politicians; and pamphlets, books, and periodicals distributed by exiled groups in Europe and North America in the period between 1953 and 1980.Professor Abrahamian explores the impact of socio-economic change on the political structure, especially under the reigns of Reza Shah and Muhammad Reza Shah, and throws fresh light on the significance of the Tudeh party and the failure of the Shah's regime from 1953 to 1978.

Iran --- Politics and government --- Social conditions. --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions sociales --- Internal politics --- anno 1900-1999 --- Social conditions --- History --- Sociology --- Descriptive sociology --- Social history --- Abadan. --- Adamiyat, Fereydoun. --- Algeria. --- Azerbaijan. --- Bahrami, Muhammad. --- Bakhtiyaris. --- Baluchis. --- Basseris. --- Communist party (1947). --- Cottam, Richard. --- Daneshyan, Ghulam. --- Dashnak party. --- Dawlatabadi, Yahya. --- Farah Diba, Empress. --- Farangestan. --- Fatherland party. --- Fayzieh. --- Georgians. --- Griboyedov. --- Hajji Ibrahim. --- Haydaris. --- Imam Hussein. --- Iskandari, Sulayman. --- Jahanshalou, Nosratallah. --- Jangali party. --- Kani, Hojjat al-Islam. --- Kayhan. --- Kermanshah. --- Mahazari, Ibrahim. --- Mamasanis. --- Nakhshab, Muhammad. --- National caucus. --- Ovanessian, Ardasher. --- Pan-Iranist party. --- Peace Partisans. --- Qajar tribe. --- Qum. --- Resurgence party. --- Reza’i, Ahmad. --- bazaars. --- cabinets. --- capitulations. --- classes. --- educational facilities. --- electoral laws. --- fascism. --- gharbzadegi. --- income distribution. --- industrialization. --- land reform. --- missionaries. --- oil nationalization. --- República Islâmica do Irã --- Irã --- Persia --- Northern Tier --- Islamic Republic of Iran --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Īrān --- I-lang --- Paras-Iran --- Paras --- Persia-Iran --- I.R.A. --- Islamische Republik Iran --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Iran --- I.R.I. --- IRI --- ايران --- جمهورى اسلامى ايران --- Êran --- Komarî Îslamî Êran --- Ir --- Islamskai͡a Respublika Iran --- República Islâmica do Ir

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Santander, Francisco de Paula, --- Colombia --- Politics and government --- History --- Santander y Omaña, Francisco José de Paula, --- Omaña, Francisco José de Paula Santander y,

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This book assesses the impact of writing on human societies, both in the Ancient Near East and in twentieth-century Africa, and highlights some general features of social systems that have been influenced by this major change in the mode of communication. Such features are central to any attempt at the theoretical definition of human society and such constituent phenomena as religious and legal systems, and in this study Professor Goody explores the role of a specific mechanism, the introduction of writing and the development of a written tradition, in the explanation of some important social differences and similarities. Goody argues that a shift of emphasis from productive to certain communicative processes is essential to account adequately for major changes in human societies. Whilst there have been previous descussions of the effect of literacy upon social organisation, no study has hitherto presented the general synthesis developed here.

#SBIB:309H518 --- #SBIB:39A2 --- #SBIB:303H0 --- 316.774:003 --- 316.774:003 Sociologie van het schrift --- Sociologie van het schrift --- Verbale communicatie: sociologie, antropologie, sociolinguistiek --- Antropologie: methoden en technieken --- Methoden in de sociale wetenschappen: algemeen --- Ancient civilization --- Antieke beschaving --- Antieke cultuur --- Beschaving [Antieke ] --- Beschaving van de oudheid --- Civilisation de l'antiquité --- Civilization [Ancient ] --- Cultuur [Antieke ] --- Civilization, Ancient --- Social evolution --- Writing --- Hieroglyphics --- Cultural evolution --- Cultural transformation --- Culture, Evolution of --- Culture --- Evolution --- Social change --- Chirography --- Handwriting --- Language and languages --- Ciphers --- Penmanship --- History --- Social aspects --- Africa, West --- Civilization. --- History of civilization --- Ecriture --- Evolution sociale --- Civilisation ancienne --- Histoire --- Aspect social --- Afrique occidentale --- Civilization --- Civilisation --- Africa [West ] --- Writing - History. --- Writing - Social aspects. --- Social evolution. --- Civilization, Ancient. --- Africa, West - Civilization. --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology --- History. --- Social aspects.