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All living things are remarkably complex, yet their DNA is unstable, undergoing countless random mutations over generations. Despite this instability, most animals do not grow two heads or die, plants continue to thrive, and bacteria continue to divide. Robustness and Evolvability in Living Systems tackles this perplexing paradox. The book explores why genetic changes do not cause organisms to fail catastrophically and how evolution shapes organisms' robustness. Andreas Wagner looks at this problem from the ground up, starting with the alphabet of DNA, the genetic code, RNA, and protein molecules, moving on to genetic networks and embryonic development, and working his way up to whole organisms. He then develops an evolutionary explanation for robustness. Wagner shows how evolution by natural selection preferentially finds and favors robust solutions to the problems organisms face in surviving and reproducing. Such robustness, he argues, also enhances the potential for future evolutionary innovation. Wagner also argues that robustness has less to do with organisms having plenty of spare parts (the redundancy theory that has been popular) and more to do with the reality that mutations can change organisms in ways that do not substantively affect their fitness. Unparalleled in its field, this book offers the most detailed analysis available of all facets of robustness within organisms. It will appeal not only to biologists but also to engineers interested in the design of robust systems and to social scientists concerned with robustness in human communities and populations.

Robust control --- Robust control. --- Genomic Instability. --- Mutation (Biology). --- Robustness (Control systems) --- Mutation. --- Evolution, Molecular. --- Biological systems --- Mutation (Biology) --- Molecular evolution. --- Genetic Evolution --- Molecular Evolution --- Evolution, Genetic --- Directed Molecular Evolution --- Genome Instability --- Genome Stability --- Genomic Stability --- Genome Instabilities --- Genome Stabilities --- Genomic Instabilities --- Genomic Stabilities --- Instabilities, Genome --- Instabilities, Genomic --- Instability, Genome --- Instability, Genomic --- Stabilities, Genome --- Stabilities, Genomic --- Stability, Genome --- Stability, Genomic --- Chromothripsis --- DNA Sequence, Unstable --- Mutations --- DNA Damage --- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length --- Automatic control --- Biosystems --- Systems, Biological --- Biology --- System theory --- Systems biology --- Genetics --- Variation (Biology) --- Biochemical evolution --- Chemical evolution --- Evolution --- Life --- Molecular biology --- Stability. --- Philosophy --- Origin --- Molecular evolution --- Stability --- General biophysics --- Biological systems - Stability --- Acqui 2006

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Genetics --- Genetics. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Genomics --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Human Genome Project --- Genome --- Comparative Genomics --- Comparative Genomic --- Genomic, Comparative --- Genomics, Comparative --- Genomics. --- Life Sciences --- Human genetics --- genomics

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Medical genetics --- Genomics --- Genomics. --- Medical genetics. --- pharmacogenomics --- genomic medicine --- genome sequence --- neurogenomics --- cancer genomics --- gene disorders --- epigenomics --- Genetics --- Human medicine

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Molecular biology --- Genetics --- Genetic Engineering --- Genomic Library --- Molecular Biology. --- Genomic Library. --- 575 --- Genome Library --- Genome Libraries --- Genomic Libraries --- Libraries, Genome --- Libraries, Genomic --- Library, Genome --- Library, Genomic --- Genes --- Biochemical Genetics --- Biology, Molecular --- Genetics, Biochemical --- Genetics, Molecular --- Molecular Genetics --- Biochemical Genetic --- Genetic, Biochemical --- Genetic, Molecular --- Molecular Genetic --- General genetics. General cytogenetics. Immunogenetics. Evolution. Speciation. Phylogeny --- 575.113 --- 577.2 --- #WDIR:vfm2 --- #WPLT:dd.prof.J.Vendrig --- Gene. Genetic apparatus. Genome --- Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- Basic Sciences. Genetics --- Biochemical genetics. --- Genetics. --- Genomes. --- Heredity. --- Genomic library --- Genetics (General) --- Genetic Phenomena --- Genomic library. --- Genetics (General). --- 575 General genetics. General cytogenetics. Immunogenetics. Evolution. Speciation. Phylogeny --- 577.2 Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- 575.113 Gene. Genetic apparatus. Genome --- Genome --- Genomes --- Génomes --- Génétique --- Biochemical genetics --- Heredity --- Molecular Biology --- Ancestry --- Descent --- Inheritance (Biology) --- Pangenesis --- Biology --- Breeding --- Atavism --- Eugenics --- Mendel's law --- Natural selection --- Genomics --- Haploidy --- Embryology --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Chromosomes --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Chemical genetics --- Biochemistry --- Molecular genetics --- Genome. --- Moleculaire biologie --- Basic Sciences Genetics

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Histology. Cytology --- Molecular biology --- Genetics --- Cytogenetics --- Genomes --- Genomics --- Cytogénétique --- Génomes --- Génomique --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Cytogenetics. --- Genomics. --- #TS:KOMA --- Human Genome Project --- Genome --- Cytogenetic --- Cytogenetic Analysis --- Chromosome Disorders --- Sex Chromosome Disorders --- Génétique --- Genom. --- Cytogenetik. --- Cytogenetik --- Genom --- Research --- Recherche --- Engineering --- Life Sciences --- Biotechnology --- Biology --- Cytogénétique --- Génomes --- Génomique --- Périodiques --- MDCYTOLO MDGENETI --- Comparative Genomics --- Comparative Genomic --- Genomic, Comparative --- Genomics, Comparative