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A topic of utmost importance in civil engineering is finding optimal solutions throughout the life cycle of buildings and infrastructural objects, including their design, manufacturing, use, and maintenance. Operational research, management science, and optimization methods provide a consistent and applicable groundwork for engineering decision-making. These topics have received the interest of researchers and, after a rigorous peer-review process, eight papers have been published in this Special Issue. The articles in this Printed Edition demonstrate how solutions in civil engineering, which bring economic, social, and environmental benefits, are obtained through a variety of methodologies and tools. Usually, decision-makers need to take into account not just a single criterion, but several different criteria and, therefore, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches have been suggested for application in five of the published papers; the rest of the papers apply other research methods. Most approaches suggested decision models under uncertainty, proposing hybrid MCDM methods in combination with fuzzy or rough set theory, as well as D-numbers. The application areas of the proposed MCDM techniques mainly cover production/manufacturing engineering, logistics and transportation, and construction engineering and management. We hope that a summary of the Special Issue as provided here will encourage a detailed analysis of the papers included in the Printed Edition.

railway wagon --- rough sets --- Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) --- neural network --- cost estimation --- boarding/deboarding strategies --- optimisation --- multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) --- Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) --- ruled surface --- seat preference --- image processing --- risk management --- fuzzy sets --- supply chain --- Grasshopper --- experimental test --- parametric design --- rough Best–Worst Method (BWM) --- EDAS --- artificial neural networks --- 3D modelling --- civil engineering --- shovel machine --- interval-valued fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment --- airplane turn time --- oil and gas well drilling projects --- MCDM --- roof shell --- consistent fuzzy preference relation (CFPR) --- DEMATEL --- tool-flank-wear monitoring --- analytical network process (ANP) --- logistics --- multi criteria decision making --- internal transport --- conceptual design --- hybrid MCDM --- structural analysis --- D number --- construction --- architecture --- multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) --- performance evaluation --- rough number --- construction project risk --- multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) --- finite element method (FEM) --- manufacturing engineering --- transportation --- experimental testing --- hybrid model --- flexible manufacturing --- rough Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) --- D numbers --- multivariate regression

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Optimization is considered as a decision-making process for getting the most out of available resources for the best attainable results. Many real-world problems are multi-objective or multi-attribute problems that naturally involve several competing objectives that need to be optimized simultaneously, while respecting some constraints or involving selection among feasible discrete alternatives. In this Reprint of the Special Issue, 19 research papers co-authored by 88 researchers from 14 different countries explore aspects of multi-objective or multi-attribute modeling and optimization in crisp or uncertain environments by suggesting multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) and multi-objective decision-making (MODM) approaches. The papers elaborate upon the approaches of state-of-the-art case studies in selected areas of applications related to sustainable development decision aiding in engineering and management, including construction, transportation, infrastructure development, production, and organization management.

artificial neural network --- sustainability hierarchy --- expert --- Rough Hamy aggregator --- sustainable solution --- crank–slider --- technology selection problem --- AHP --- bus pass --- optimization --- discrete time/cost trade-off --- Rough WASPAS --- hybrid multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) --- travel times --- extended Tomada de Decisão Interativa Multicritério (TODIM) --- bi-level programming --- multi-objective evolutionary algorithms --- project scheduling --- WASPAS --- port scheduling --- rehydration --- sustainable transport policy --- gold mines --- hybrid mathematical model --- sustainable developments --- straw bales --- group decision making --- contractor --- Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) --- MULTIMOORA --- building investment project --- heuristics --- cleaner production (CP) --- particle swarm optimization (PSO) --- optimization study --- critical information infrastructures --- bi-objective optimization --- dynamic analysis --- location-allocation problem --- probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) --- drying --- multiple objective optimization --- multi-objective decision-making (MODM) --- ranking --- hierarchical SWARA --- choice --- linguistic hesitant fuzzy set and Standard variance --- multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) --- project --- sustainable energy evaluation --- emission of pollutants --- genetic algorithm --- ARAS-G --- multi-purpose system --- renewable energy --- assessment --- hospital evaluation --- bat algorithm --- multiple-criteria decision-making --- comfort of use of buildings --- energy efficiency --- healthcare facility --- conceptual framework --- hybrid expert system --- engineering --- sustainability --- verbal analysis --- sustainable energy developments --- sustainable development --- hybrid --- public transport --- water resource management --- compacted clay --- multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) --- MCDM --- particle swarm optimization algorithm --- sustainable traffic --- single-cylinder engine --- Rough BWM --- policy measures --- apple --- clay blocks --- historic buildings --- hesitant fuzzy set --- construction --- TOPSIS-GM --- roundabout --- fuzzy --- sustainable transport --- surface transport --- grey --- Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) --- WSM --- ecological building --- management --- Geomean --- SWARA --- vibration suppression --- organizations --- innovation in transport --- risk --- berth-quay crane joint scheduling --- cost calculation --- multiple criteria decision aid